红外分光光度法测定水和废水中油类的改进

本文对红外分光光度法测定水和废水中的油类的萃取和吸附操作进行了改进。结果表明,该方法的精密度和准确度能达到国家标准的要求,且操作更加方便、快捷,可以应用于日常环境监测分析。     

内循环三相生物流化床处理生活污水的试验研究

对内循环三相生物流化床处理生活污水进行了试验研究,探讨了生物膜的形成和水力停留时间及曝气量对处理效果的影响。结果表明：在HRT为6h,曝气量为0.6m3/h,进水COD和NH4＋-N分别为240.2~298.7mg/L和29.1~68.9mg/L条件下,平均COD去除率为83%,NH4＋-N去除率为95.1%。     

含硝基苯、苯胺废水处理的工程实践

采用固定化微生物-曝气生物滤池与铁-炭微电解法联用的工艺方法处理含硝基苯、苯胺的废水。通过培养驯化微生物阶段、半负荷进水阶段、满负荷进水阶段的调试运行,表明:当进水CODCr<1 000mg/L、硝基苯<120mg/L、苯胺<30mg/L时,出水可达到CODCr<300mg/L、硝基苯<5mg/L、苯胺<5mg/L的设计要求。铁-炭微电解法在pH值为3～4时,对废水有一定的脱色作用,但pH值升高后脱色效果不明显。     

Biofilm structure and its influence on clogging in drip irrigation emitters distributing reclaimed wastewater

Using reclaimed wastewater for crop irrigation is a practical alternative to discharge wastewater treatment plant effluents into surface waters.However,biofouling has been identified as a major contributor to emitter clogging in drip irrigation systems distributing reclaimed wastewater.Little is known about the biofilm structure and its influence on clogging in the drip emitter flow path.This study was first to investigate the microbial characteristics of mature biofilms present in the emitters and the effect of flow path structures on the biofilm microbial communities.The analysis of biofilm matrix structure using a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that particles in the matrix of the biofilm coupled extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) and formed sediment in the emitter flow path.Analysis of biofilm mass including protein,polysaccharide and phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) showed that emitter flow path style influenced biofilm community structure and diversity.The correlations of biofilm biomass and discharge reduction after 360 h irrigation were computed and suggest that PFLAs provide the best correlation coefficient.Comparatively,the emitter with the unsymmetrical dentate structure and shorter flow path (Emitter C) had the best anti-clogging capability.By optimizing the dentate structure,the internal flow pattern within the flow path could be enhanced as an important method to control the biofilm within emitter flow path.This study established electron microscope techniques and biochemical microbial analysis methods that may provide a framework for future emitter biofilm studies.     

中国城市污水处理行业的产业化市场化

在对中国城市污水处理产业现状及产业政策分析的基础上,阐述了中国城市污水处理产业发展的定位以及对其产业化、市场化的具体措施作了论述。     

季戊四醇废水处理方法的研究

采用水解酸化一序列式活性污泥法（HA－SBR法）相结合技术处理季戊四醇废水，试验结果表明：（进水CODCR为726－1800ml/L,出水CODCR小于100ml/L,CODCR去除率为88.1%-95.8%，出水能满足国家排放标准。     

Preparation and characterization of Fe2O3-CeO2-TiO2/γ-Al2O3 catalyst for degradation dye wastewater

In order to develop a catalyst with high activity for catalytic wet oxidation (CWO) process at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, Fe2O3-CeO2-TiO2/γ-Al2O3 catalyst was prepared by consecutive impregnation method and the prepared parameters were optimized. The structure of the catalyst was characterized by BET, XRF, SEM and XPS technologies, and the actual wastewater was used to investigate the catalytic activity of Fe2O3-CeO2-TiO2/γ-Al2O3 in CWO process. The experimental results showed that the prepared catalyst exhibited good catalytic activity when the doping amount of Ti was 1.0 wt% (the weight ratio of Ti to carriers), and the middle product, CeO2-TiO2/γ-Al2O3, was calcined in 450℃ for 2 h. The CWO experiment for treating actual dye wastewater indicated that the COD, color and TOC of actual wastewater were decreased by 62.23%, 50.12% and 41.26% in 3 h,respectively, and the ratio of BOD5/COD was increased from 0.19 to 0.30.     

固定化光合细菌处理豆制品废水产氢研究

以海藻酸钠做包埋材料制备的固定化光合细菌,可以在不同浓度豆制品废水中进行光照放氢。豆制品废水ＣＯＤ浓度在７５６０—１２６００ｍｇ／Ｌ时,可以维持稳定产气２６０ｈ以上,平均产气率为１４６．８—３５１．４ｍｌ／（Ｌ·ｄ）,气体中Ｈ２含量在６０％以上,废水ＣＯＤ去除率为６２．３％─７８．２％;当废水ＣＯＤ浓度在１２６０—５０４０ｍｇ／Ｌ时,可以维持产气９３ｈ,平均产气率为１２０．７—１４０．ｏｍｌ／（Ｌ·ｄ）,气体中Ｈ２含量在７５％以上,废水最终ＣＯＤ去除率为４１％─６０．３％。     

乳化液废水均相催化湿式氧化动力学

在2L高压间歇反应釜中,以高浓度难降解乳化废水为处理对象,研究了温度对铜盐均相湿式氧化的影响和动力学特征.结果表明:升高温度对加快后期反应速度更为有利,催化剂有利于中间产物氧化,在200℃催化活性最高,在进水COD48 400mg/L,反应2h去除率为86.6%;催化剂在不同温度作用下机制有所差别:200℃时3个途径反应速度均加快,中间产物加速氧化更明显;220～240℃时反应向生成中间产物方向偏移,活性降低;通用模型能较好地预测均相催化过程.     

高COD焦化废水的吸附研究

研究了粉末活性炭对焦化废水COD的去除效率.结果表明,在pH值为6左右时,向50 mL焦化废水中投加1 g粉末活性炭,吸附1 h,COD去除率可达98.5%.