保护层开采效果测评指标及应用研究

为深入分析保护层开采的实施效果,依据煤岩卸压变形理论和瓦斯运移特性,建立保护层开采测评指标体系,并选择淮南矿区对指标现场应用方法进行分析。研究结果表明:测评体系包括保护范围和保护效果两部分,其中,瓦斯压力、瓦斯含量、煤层透气性系数、煤层顶底板相对变形、瓦斯抽放量、突出指标的变化等因素可作为效果考察的现场测评指标。保护层开采后,应首先明确其保护范围,然后再对保护效果分别从煤体力学特性、煤层瓦斯特性和煤层开采动力特性3方面进行综合分析,按照现场实测值与指标临界值的对比,即可系统地定量评价保护层开采的效果。     

危险化学品道路运输安全管理现状及发展趋势研究

为降低危化品运输风险,从危化品运输风险评价、道路选线模型、技术应用、应急联动机制及平台建设、统一联控监管平台等方面进行研究分析。通过对微观视角与宏观视角、单一应用与综合应用的归类和对比,进行分析并指出存在的问题。分析表明,获取精确连续数据,考虑多种外在变量来完善评估模型,注重理论、技术和监管资源的综合应用,发展大区域联控平台将是今后研究的发展趋势。     

New approach to calculate the probability of ignition

The probabilistic approach to the evaluation of fire hazard and the effectiveness of fire-precaution measures enables a rational response to the randomness of fire outbreaks. This article employs the statistical analysis methods to elucidate the causes for the ignition of fire on a random sample of industrial buildings in the Republic of Slovenia. The analyses are based on the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), which is a well established and important statistical analysis technique in the fields of social science, biology, psychology and medicine, but hitherto rarely applied in safety research. The results of the study demonstrate that for the analyzed random sample of industrial buildings the frequency of fire outbreaks statistically significantly depends only on the presence and the probability of exposure to the heat sources (flames, sparks, and hot surfaces), but does not significantly depend on the available quantity of flammable materials within the industrial structure.     

On the development of a new hybrid risk assessment process using occupational accidents’ data: Application on the Greek Public Electric Power Provider

The occupational accidents have a major impact upon human integrity and also bring about high costs for the social health and insurance system of a country. In addition, risk analysis is an essential process for the safety policy of a company, having as main aim the effacement of any potential of damage in a productive procedure, while the quantified risk evaluation is the most crucial part of the whole procedure of assessing hazards in the work. The main goal of this study is double: a) the development and presentation of a new hybrid risk assessment process (HRAP) and b) the application of HRAP in the Greek Public Power Corporation (PPC) (the unique electric power provider and the largest industry in Greece), by using occupational accidents that have been recorded, during the 12-year period of 1993-2004. The new process consists of four distinct phases a) the hazard sources’ identification phase, b) the risk consideration phase, c) the risk-evaluation phase, and d) the phase of the risk assessment and safety-related decision making. The results show that in some cases the risk value has been calculated in PPC to be higher than 500 (in the risk rating of 0-1000), which imposes the taking of suppressive measures for abolishing the danger source, while the fatal accident frequency rate (per 10⁸ man-hrs) is FAFR ≅ 2.4.     

基于模糊数学的机务维修中人的可靠性综合评价

基于有关资料数据统计、现场调查研究和理论分析,结合许多专家在人为因素上的研究成果,建立了机务维修中人可靠性评价指标体系,应用层次分析法(AHP)确定了各指标权重.运用模糊综合评价原理构建了机务中人的可靠性模糊综合评价模型,并进行了实例验证,得出了可靠性的综合评价等级.结果表明,该方法简单,易操作,能实现动态的综合评价,...     

外军皮肤防护器材化学防护性能测试与评价用标准物质研究进展

本文简迷了皮肤防护器材--化学防护服(衣)化学防护性能试验与评价用标准物质的重要性,系统地概述了外军化学防护服(衣)化学防护性能试验与评价用标准物质的研究现状,并提出了我国化学防护服(衣)防护性能试验与评价用标准物质研制过程中应注意的一些问题.     

新疆天山公路泥石流风险评价研究

结合泥石流危险度和公路受泥石流损毁度两个指标,构建了天山公路泥石流风险评价模型,实现了对天山公路全线主要泥石流沟的风险值量化:风险值大于0.80的为极度危险,应以防为主,治为辅;风险值在0.50～0.80之间的为高度危险,应防、治并重;风险值在0.25～0.60之间的为中度危险,应以治为主,防为辅;风险值小于0.25的为轻度危险,应以防为主,治为辅。     

矿山地质环境质量评价数学模型研究概述

在对大量文献和典型矿山地质调查资料研究的基础上,从矿山环境地质问题所导致的结果(资源损毁、地质灾害、环境污染)出发,筛选出合理的评价因子并建立评价指标体系.采用不同的评价方法,通过进行现状—预测—综合评价最终确定矿山地质环境质量评价数学模型;并将评价方法应用于实际矿山地质环境质量评价中,获得了较好的一致性.     

重大冰雪灾害应急管理能力的评价——以湖南省为例

针对重大冰雪灾害应急管理的复杂性,基于湖南冰雪灾害案例以及国内外自然灾害及其应急管理的相关文献,提出了重大冰雪灾害应急管理能力评价指标结构。运用熵权法和群决策方法确定指标综合权重,采用群决策方法获得专家群体对一级评价指标的综合偏好,形成评价城市的综合评价矩阵,运用灰色综合评价模型求出各个评价城市应急管理能力的排序向量。最后以湖南省冰雪灾害为案例进行了应用。     

天津LNG接收站码头钢桩长效腐蚀防护技术对比研究

为解决码头钢桩防腐问题,针对国内同类场站进行腐蚀调研,并对钢桩长效腐蚀防护技术进行优选。调研和试验结果表明,复层矿脂包覆技术(PTC)的防护效果优于其他2类腐蚀防护技术,是码头钢桩浪花飞溅区腐蚀防护的最佳解决方案。天津南港LNG接收站打破国内码头防腐设计的传统,在设计建造初期就采用PTC技术进行防腐保护,在国内尚属首例。相关调研和试验结果可为国内码头钢桩防腐设计提供参考。