城市污水生物脱氮除磷常规工艺分析

阐述了污水生物脱氮除磷的机理，系统介绍了国内目前常用的污水生物脱氮除磷工艺，对其进行了系统全面的比较分析。并探讨了当今国内的一些脱氮除磷主要研究方向。     

长江中游城市群县域城镇化水平空间格局演变及驱动因子分析

在通过可达性方法确定长江中游城市群县域范围的基础上,运用熵值法从人口、经济及社会3个子系统对长江中游城市群县域2001、2006及2011年3个时期城镇化发展水平进行综合测度,运用空间自相关对综合城镇化水平的空间演变进行分析并分类,利用回归分析对各类型县域进行驱动因子分析。结果表明:(1)长江中游城市群县域综合城镇化水平持续提升,但各地区间的发展速度差异明显;在子系统演化过程中,以经济城镇化的快速演进为主要特征,其次为社会城镇化,最后为人口城镇化过程。(2)综合城镇化水平及其变化率与城市等级规模、交通及产业结构转型密切相关;各子系统在空间格局演变进程中有着不同的特点,但子系统变化率间具有明显的正相关性。(3)长江中游城市群县域城镇化依据关联性可以划分为"耦合聚集"型、"中心洼地"型、"拮抗聚集"型及"核心边缘"型,各类型县域空间格局演变明显。(4)內源力在"耦合聚集"型县域及"拮抗聚集"县域城镇化进程中具有促进作用,投资力对"中心洼地"型县域影响作用明显,而"核心边缘"型县域主要驱动因子为行政力和內源力;根据各类型县域主要驱动因子提出促进城镇化发展的相应措施,以做到因地制宜地指导各地区城镇化健康发展。     

CONTINUOUS SIMULATION OF RECEIVING WATER QUALITY TRANSIENTS1

: This paper presents solutions to the one-dimensional, transient conservation of mass equations for the coupled biochemical oxygen demand-dissolved oxygen (BOD-DO) reactions, based on the principle of superposition, for continuously discharging plane sources. The solutions are applied within the framework of a continuous simulation model to allow the derivation of water quality frequency curves and frequency histograms of consecutive hourly dissolved oxygen violations, for any desired standard. Receiving water response is determined for waste inputs from urban wet weather, dry weather, and upstream sources. An application to Des Moines, Iowa, and Des Moines River indicated that urban storm water impacts on the stream can be masked in the cumulative frequency curve representation, but the benefits of storm water control are clearly shown in frequency histograms of the duration of consecutive stream standard violations.     

釜溪河自贡城区段季节性低氧成因研究

釜溪河为沱江一级支流,在自贡城区段设有国考碳研所断面。收集碳研所断面近10年来水质自动站数据,分析溶解氧(DO)变化特征,采样调查釜溪河自贡城区段水质及河道底泥污染状况,采用相关性分析、数值模拟等,研究分析釜溪河自贡城区段溶解氧分布特征及碳研所断面季节性低氧成因。研究结果表明,碳研所断面的溶解氧质量浓度变化特征呈现春末夏初最低,白天高晚上低的特征。釜溪河碳研所断面河水耗氧类污染物质量浓度较沱江流域内其他断面高,耗氧强度较大,溶解氧质量浓度较沱江流域其他断面偏低;其次,研究河段中釜溪河污水厂以下河段受污水厂低氧水排入和金子凼堰底层低氧水下泄影响,其溶解氧水平整体较污水厂以上河段低;最后,河段底泥有机质含量较高,春夏季气温升高将导致微生物分解活性增强大量消耗溶解氧,同时,闸坝和外来水体排入的水文扰动造成污水厂以下河段水温梯度弱,表层溶解氧易受底层低氧水影响,促使断面形成季节性低氧现象。溶解氧预测模型结果也进一步证实了温度变化和垂向温度梯度弱是碳研所断面溶解氧质量浓度季节性偏低的主要因素。     

基于GIS的城市工程地质环境质量变权评价

城市工程地质环境质量传统评价方法中,指标权重确定后,无论各指标值如何变化,指标权重值总是固定不变,无法反映各项指标内部差异性对城市工程地质环境质量的影响,进而影响评价结果的客观公正性。为此,将变权原理引入城市工程地质环境质量评价。根据城市工程地质环境特点及评价精度要求,构建城市工程地质环境质量评价指标体系,采用分段强惩罚-激励型变权模型,并结合GIS空间分析功能对其进行评价。以郑州市为例,采用常权和变权两种方法对其工程地质环境质量进行评价。结果表明,变权评价结果与常权评价结果趋势性较为一致,且变权评价结果比常权评价结果更易区分评价等级,在一定程度上避免了常权法在权重分配中的缺陷,充分体现了各项评价指标内部差异性对城市工程地质环境质量整体性的影响,提高了城市工程地质环境质量评价等级的可信度。     

乡村绿色住区示范区污水就地处置回用--黄土高原干旱半干旱乡村绿色住区水资源开发利用研究

探讨了乡村绿色住区污水就地处置技术的可行性,结合西北黄土高原乡村绿色住区示范区建设,设计了黄土高原干旱半干旱乡村聚居区污水就地处置回用的工艺型式.     

Considering climate change and regional differences: An efficiency assessment of coal mine use and land restoration

China is the country with the largest coal mining production and consumption in the world, but due to a large amount of coal burning, air pollution and climate change are exasperating related problems. The previous literature mainly has discussed coal mine production and environmental pollution, but failed to take into account external factors such as climate change and seldom discussed the relationship between coal mine land use and land restoration. Therefore, this study uses the meta-Epsilon-Based Measure two-stage Data Envelopment Analysis under the exogenous model and incorporates coal mine land use and land restoration use into the model to explore the relationship between the two under climate change. The research results are as follows. (1) If the external climate factors are not considered, then the phenomenon of overestimation or underestimation of the technology gap arises. (2) The efficiency value of the coal mining stage in most provinces is generally higher than the land restoration efficiency value.     

Toward a green economy: The nexus between economic and environmental factors in MENA countries,ARDL bounds approach

With the transition of the global economy toward a green economy, it is important to analyze the elements that can either support or impede this transformation. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to evaluate the potential of the green economy in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries by analyzing the correlation between economic and environmental factors. The objective of this study is to explore the potential of the green economy in MENA countries by analyzing key factors such as access to clean fuel, GDP, and CO₂ emissions. The study aims to distinguish between long- and short-term effects, assess the presence of a long-run relationship or co-integration between the parameter estimates, and evaluate the progress of MENA countries toward a green economy based on the impact of economic, and environmental factors. Using quarterly and seasonally adjusted data from 2000 to 2018, the auto-regressive distributed lag (ARDL) technique was employed to examine the co-integration of the factors in the long and short terms. Multiple cointegration techniques were also used to determine the feasibility of a green economy by analyzing the relationship between access to clean fuel for technology and cooking, GDP, and CO₂ emissions. The study's findings indicate a clear long- and short-term relationship between the analyzed factors, as confirmed by the error correction model (ECM) which suggests that the variables are cointegrated and potentially relevant. Additionally, the result of the autoregressive distributed lag bound test shows that the green economy variables, GDP, CO₂ emissions, and access to clean fuel, are cointegrated in the long-term.     

特大城市集群绿色发展与生态足迹关联特征

本文以成渝城市群、长江中游城市群和长三角城市群为研究对象,解析不同空间尺度下绿色发展与生态足迹时空变化特征,并结合耦合协调度模型、环境库兹涅茨曲线（EKC）理论探究绿色发展与生态足迹的关联特征。研究表明,长江经济带城市群2000—2015年绿色发展水平逐年提升,约16.44%的城市达到较高水平,空间上呈现“东部高、西部低”的特征。人均三维生态足迹增长逐渐趋缓,成渝城市群达到峰值（5.21hm²）后逐年稳定下降。长江经济带绿色发展与生态足迹处于良好协调状态,绿色经济的快速发展带动了耦合协调度的提高。绿色发展与生态足迹存在倒“ U”形EKC曲线关系,由于自然资源基础和产业结构差异,成渝城市群（拐点出现在2008年）绿色发展与生态足迹协调关系好转早于中下游城市群（拐点分别在2019年、2012年）。四川、安徽应作为降低资源消耗的重点对象,未来应进一步加强区域中心城市的辐射带动作用,拉动周围城市提高绿色发展水平。研究成果能为区域绿色发展与生态环境协同管理提供思路与理论支持。     

东南丘陵土地利用变化及驱动力研究--以衡阳市为例

在GIS,Excel, SPSS11.0的支持下,以土地详查数据为依据,对衡阳市1994~2001年的土地利用变化过程进行了全面分析,揭示了衡阳市近七年来土地利用变化的时空特点,并分析了其主要原因。研究表明：(1)衡阳市1994~2001年耕地、未利用地面积总体减少,其他用地均有不同程度增加,土地利用类型变动的总体方向是：农用地和未利用地向建设用地转化,耕地向园地、水域转化,未利用地向林地转化。(2) 衡阳市土地利用变化存在较大的时间和空间差异。时间上1997年前土地利用变化显著,1997年后变化较小;空间上以祁东县和衡阳市区变化较大,衡南县、南岳区变化较小。(3)人口因素、政策因素、经济因素是衡阳市土地利用变化的主要影响因素。1997年前后土地利用变化情况的差异主要由政策因素造就,地形地貌因素及经济因素则主导了区内空间差异的形成。