燃煤电厂大气污染物“近零排放”技术研究及工程应用

在燃煤电厂实现大气污染物“近零排放”过程中,烟尘控制技术是关键,通过对除尘、脱硫、脱硝等先进环保技术的系统比较,提出了燃煤电厂大气污染物“近零排放”技术路线. 在地处长三角的国华舟山电厂4号机组采用高效低氮燃烧+SCR(选择性催化还原法)脱硝+旋转电极除尘+海水脱硫+湿式静电除尘的技术路线,ρ(烟尘)、ρ(SO₂)、ρ(NO_x)的实际排放值分别为2.46、2.76、19.80 mg/m3;在地处京津冀的国华三河电厂1号机组,采用高效低氮燃烧+SCR脱硝+低温省煤器+静电除尘(高效电源)+湿法脱硫+湿式静电除尘的技术路线,ρ(烟尘)、ρ(SO₂)、ρ(NO_x)的实际排放值分别为5、9、35 mg/m3. 实践表明,立足国情走煤炭清洁高效利用之路,燃煤电厂可以在低成本下实现大气污染物的“近零排放”. 通过对技术路线优化、低浓度污染物在线测量技术及“近零排放”中存在的一些问题进行分析和探讨,提出了燃煤电厂大气污染物控制技术的研究和发展方向. 估算结果表明,如果全国燃煤机组自2015年起采用“近零排放”技术,5 a内烟尘、SO₂、NO_x年均减排率分别可达19.0%、18.9%、18.5%.      

星云湖、杞麓湖磷污染来源比较

通过对星云湖、杞麓湖水体磷含量变化情况、流域产业结构和磷入湖途径的比较分析，认为近年来星云湖水体磷含量水平的大幅提高，使星云湖水质由Ⅲ类在大约5a的时间里下降为Ⅴ类、劣Ⅴ类，与星云湖流域及周边磷化工产业的快速发展息息相关。而杞麓湖由于流域内无磷矿资源也没有大的磷化工产业，其磷含量水平得于稳定。     

无线电干扰系统电磁辐射安全限值的研究

在严格遵循国家有关部门电磁辐射防护规定中的相关标准情况下,进行无线电干扰系统的实验和操作中,发现当系统长时间使用时,按照电磁辐射相关安全标准设置安全间距仍会对人体健康产生不利影响。文章根据实验数据,对电磁辐射相关安全标准进行了深入研究和探讨,在对国家安全标准探讨的基础上提出考虑电磁辐射危害时不能仅仅将人体作为点来考虑,应充分认识到人体作为等效天线的特征以及吸收功率的问题。     

Climate change adaptation in the ski industry

Regardless of the success of climate change mitigation efforts, the international community has concluded that societies around the world will need to adapt to some magnitude of climate change in the 21st century. While some economic sectors (e.g., agriculture, water resources and construction) have been actively engaged in climate change adaptation research for years, adaptation has received scant consideration within the tourism-recreation industry. This is particularly the case for adaptation by tourism operators (supply-side). One exception where progress on supply-side climate adaptation has been made is the ski industry. This paper provides a brief overview of the literature on the implications of climate change for the international ski industry and how adaptation by ski area operators has been treated within these studies. This is followed by an inventory of climate adaptation practices currently used by ski industry stakeholders, including the historical development of certain key adaptations and constraints to wider use. The characteristics of ski areas with higher adaptive capacity are identified. Considering the highly competitive nature of the ski industry and the generally low climate change risk appraisal within the industry, climate change adaptation is anticipated to remain individualistic and reactive for some time. With only a few exceptions, the existing climate change literature on winter tourism has not considered the wide range of adaptation options identified in this paper and has likely overestimated potential damages. An important task for future studies is to develop methodologies to incorporate adaptation so that a more accurate understanding of the vulnerability of the international ski industry can be ascertained.     

浙江省印染行业环保综合整治对策研究

文章简要分析了浙江省印染行业在全国的地位、浙江省印染行业的特点、存在问题及与发达国家和其它省份的差距。介绍了印染行业的发展趋势和浙江省印染行业发展的优、劣势。分别从规划"十二五"期间的印染行业污染总量控制和节能减排以及顺应印染行业发展趋势的产业升级、清洁生产两方面提出相应的整治对策。并就整治对策的效果提出相应的保障措施。就环保综合整治的进度作出相应的安排。     

长江流域城市生态环境问题与跨世纪持续发展战略

综合分析评价了长江流域城市的生态环境态势与问题,城市水环境依然恶化,特别是城市内河道,湖泊水质多污染严重。城市大气污染仍是加重趋向,一些特大城市汽车尾气污染上升,城市酸雨依然严重。城市生态问题沉重,绿地不足,热岛加重,地面沉降,水土流失等。沉重的生态环境赤字已深刻影响到城市经济社会的发展。面对二十一世纪,论证了长江流域城市发展战略,走城市可持续发展之路是唯一战略选择,而建设现代化的山水园林生态城市     

Biofuels and agriculture: a past perspective and uncertain future

The US corn ethanol industry has grown from virtually nothing in the early 1980s to over 14 billion gallons in 2011. Subsidies have been an important impetus for the industry, and they have existed in one form or another throughout the life of the industry. This paper provides (1) a brief look at the history of the linkages between energy and agriculture and how they have changed with biofuels; (2) a review of some of the major impacts of the US corn ethanol program; and (3) analysis of prospective impacts of cellulosic biofuels. There is no doubt that biofuels have brought about a new era for global agriculture. Historically, the prices of agricultural and energy products moved in response to supply and demand factors relevant to each market, but moved largely independent of one another. Corn ethanol has changed that, and today there is a link between crude oil and corn that is driven by the demand side. Since agricultural commodity prices are linked both on the demand and supply sides, the corn–crude oil link spills over to other agricultural commodities as well. Development of cellulosic biofuels has been much slower than hoped. The feedstocks are more expensive than initially believed. Conversion technologies remain uncertain and expensive. There are many uncertainties through the cellulosic supply chain, and government policy remains uncertain as well. Thus, the future of the cellulosic biofuels industry is, at this point, an open question.     

生态城区建设中的生态第三产业发展对策--以长沙市芙蓉区为例

发展生态第三产业是生态城区建设的必然要求.本文以长沙市芙蓉区为例,在分析了芙蓉区第三产业现状的基础上,提出了建设生态第三产业的发展对策.     

乡村工业的绿色转型及可持续发展研究——以南京市D村为例

绿色发展是乡村振兴的必由之路.通过对南京市D村的实地调查,发现政府主导的转型模式在推动村庄绿色发展的同时,存在村庄内生动力不足、内部利益分化以及产业市场竞争力较弱等风险,制约着村庄可持续发展.基于此提出,政府在开发与建设过程中要充分保障村民主体性的发挥,同时注重提高产业的市场竞争力.     

双涡流烟气洗涤技术在燃煤电厂烟气除尘脱硫中的应用

介绍双涡流烟气洗涤技术的特点和工作原理,通过具体的工程实例分析该技术的除尘脱硫效果,结果表明:双涡流烟气洗涤技术对亚微米级的尘粒和SO2污染物具有较好的捕获去除作用,脱硫效率达77.2%,除尘效率达94.8%。