Capturing change in European food assistance practices: a transformative social innovation perspective

The food system’s decreasing ability to deliver food security has led to the emergence of food assistance initiatives. Food assistance is highly contested; as some argue, it is a “failure of the state”, while others regard food assistance to be an “extension of the welfare state”. Either way, research suggests that actors within food assistance are rethinking their role in the food system. In this paper, we study three food assistance initiatives, in the Netherlands, Italy and Ireland, that perform new food assistance practices while embedded in specific institutional contexts, and analyse their potential to transform the food system, drawing on Transformative Social Innovation theory. Building on transition and social innovation theory, this recently developed theory distinguishes different levels within systems, named “shades of change”, that are associated with societal transformation. By exploring these “shades” of change in the analysis, we describe aspects of the initiatives’ novel practices, and in relation to the initiative and institutional relations their motivations and expectations. We compare the three cases and discuss how food assistance practices relate to and change (or do not change) the food system. In particular, we elaborate on how these three food assistance initiatives contribute in various ways to local food and welfare system innovation. In doing so, we offer a novel perspective on food assistance initiatives. We argue that they show dynamics that have the potential for more substantial transformation towards food security over time, by building momentum through “small wins”.     

水污染防治领域PPP项目投资回报机制设计

在国家相关政策的支持引导下,采用政府和社会资本合作(PPP)模式实施的水污染防治项目逐渐增多。合理的投资回报是社会资本参与PPP项目的关键所在。本文通过对水污染防治项目特点、不同付费方式及适用条件进行分析,对投资回报的内在机理进行了分析,提出水污染防治PPP项目投资回报机制设计原则,包括应符合市场配置特点,充分考虑项目风险影响,确保社会资本"盈利但不暴利"、以政府财政承受能力为底线、不以保底承诺、固定回报变相融资。在此基础上,从投资回报是社会资本方服务绩效的对价、合理设计保底需求和超额收益分享机制、合理设计服务价格及调整机制、合理拓宽可行性缺口补助投资回报方式等方面对投资回报机制要点进行了探讨,以期为同类项目的实施提供参考。     

“Housing for all” at the era of financialization; can (post-disaster) cities become truly socially resilient and egalitarian?

This paper examines the realism of the resilience ambition and process of the U.S. housing system, shedding light on its heterogeneity as well as the financialization currently acting as the driving force in real estate production. The resilience ambition leading to enhanced justice and egalitarianism is understood as the provision and maintenance of post-disaster housing for all within an institutionally diverse landscape of housing policy makers and implementers. Particular emphasis is given to the post-Katrina institutional transformations resulting from multifarious interactions between multilevel institutional structures and a diverse landscape of low-income housing policy implementers – referred as social resilience cells (SRCs) in this paper. The nature and level of these transformations determine the degree to which resilience in its heterogeneous form has been incubated in New Orleans. The paper concludes with a discussion on the macro conditions and bottom-linked governance structures under which all SRCs could be better bolstered in a post-financialization, radicalised neowelfare U.S., and which in turn create possibilities for materialising the resilience ambition.     

日照市环保部门对环境检测机构的监管与研究

近年来,随着环境检测市场的放开,社会化检测机构的数量急剧增加.日照市环保局通过探索,在对社会环境检测机构监管方面,摸索提出了"出台管理办法-实行服务承诺-落实项目报备-执行全过程监督检查-持续信息公开"的监管模式,简述了日照市环保局在监管过程中发现的社会环境监测机构普遍存在的问题,并就环保部门以后如何对社会环境检测机构进行监管、规范环境检测市场提出了对策和建议,即:实行环境检测资质行政许可、采取从业人员准入制度、建立信用监控体系和信息化管理服务平台.     

水质自动监测站运营外包的质量管理研究

围绕水质自动监测站运营外包的质量管理,概述了水站系统运行过程中的质量保证和质量控制,在分析环境保护监测站在政府外包监测任务中所起作用的基础上,通过项目服务需求的编写、现场质量监督、质量控制措施、质量评价和运用智能化软件提高质控效率等五方面详述了关于水质自动监测站运营外包质量管理的关键点,并且重点阐述了对水站运维服务的质量监督和评价,以期为政府及其下属环境保护监测站关于环境监测任务外包的质量管理方面提供一定的借鉴.     

我国石油企业全面推行HSE管理体系探讨

从HSE管理体系发展概况及其先进理念，国际石油公司实施HSE管理体系的成功经验等方面，阐述了在我国石油企业中推行HSE管理体系的必要性及目前的差距，并初步探讨了全面推行HSE管理体系，对降低各类事故的发生率，实现经济效益、社会和环境效益的协调发展，提升我国石油企业的国际竞争力所起到的重要作用。     

Farming and Landscape Management: How French Farmers are Coping with the Ecologization of Their Activities

In Europe, an increasing share of public subsidies for food production is being transferred towards the production of goods and environmental services. Today, farmers hesitate between the quest for technical and economic performance, which has been the paradigm of their professional activities since the 1960s, on one hand, and taking account of the environmental concerns that have been imposed since the middle of the 80s, on the other. Is it possible for farmers to continue to work according to the paradigm of the producer of agri-food goods, and how do they react to the ecologization of their activities? In this paper, we will see the difficulties and sources of tension induced by landscape maintenance in the daily professional practice of the farmers. We will see that the professional identity of the farmers is profoundly brought into question by these changes (substitution of strictly “agricultural issues” by more general concerns such as “rural issues,” substitution of the farmer by the “ecologized” peasant...). The topic of landscape reveals social strains between farmers. It also raises the question of the legitimacy of farmers to define the sense of their activities by themselves. Finally we will see that environmental orientations do not systematically open up new prospects for all farmers; they sometimes contribute to increase the inequalities between farmers (financial support proportional to land property, marginalization of farmers who are less socially integrated...).     

德国职业安全与健康管理

介绍了德国职业安全健康管理体系以及监督管理的主要手段措施,提出了在我国现阶段需要借鉴的几点建议。     

浙江省企业环境保护社会责任制度建设探索

通过分析国内外企业环境保护社会责任的发展现状、存在问题和浙江省开展企业社会责任试点工作的主要做法,主要从政府、企业、公众3个方面来构建了浙江省企业环境保护社会责任制度框架。构建制度框架的关键重点不在于制定新的政策与机制,而是将现有的企业自愿性政策与政府的强制性政策相配套与整合,并进行适当的补充。从而形成综合的制度框架。制度框架的最终目的在于,充分发挥政府的引导和推动作用、发挥企业的主体作用、发挥行业协会商会等组织的自律作用、发动社会各方广泛参与,着力构建政府引导、企业自愿、行业自律、社会监督“四位一体”的企业环境保护社会责任推进机制。