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1.
Zhou Xiaoyan Wen Xianghua Feng Yan 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2007,1(1):89-94
The present work studied the influence of glucose feeding on the ligninolytic enzyme production of Phanerochaete chrysosporium in a nitrogen-limited (C/N ratio is 56/8.8 mmol/L) medium. Several sets of shaking flask experiments were conducted. The
results showed that 2 g/L glucose feeding on the first day of the culture (24 h after the inoculation) simulated both fungal
biomass growth and enzyme production. The manganese peroxidase (MnP) activity was 2.5 times greater than that produced in
cultures without glucose feeding. Furthermore, the glucose feeding mode in fed-batch culture was also investigated. Compared
to cultures with glucose feeding every 48 h, cultures with glucose feeding of 1.5 g/L (final concentration) every 24 h produced
more enzymes. The peak and total yield of MnP activity were 2.7 and 3 times greater compared to the contrast culture, respectively,
and the enzyme was kept stable for 4 days with an activity of over 200 U/L.
Translated from Acta Scientise Circumstantiae, 2007, 27(3): 363–368 [译自: 环境科学学报] 相似文献
2.
2,4,6—三硝基甲苯废水治理技术的研究进展 总被引:19,自引:0,他引:19
论述了2,4,6-三硝基甲苯废水中化学耗氧量和色度的研究进展情况,指出生化法中白腐菌综合治理2,4,6-三硝基甲苯废水的处理方法是目前极有前途的有效的技术。 相似文献
3.
白腐菌氧化—混凝工艺处理纸浆漂白废水试验研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
报告用白腐真菌氧化—混凝工艺处理纸浆厂四段漂白混合废水的试验情况 ,在最佳工艺条件下 ,混凝处理出水CODCr、OD4 6 5分别为 1 85 .1mg/L、0 .0 0 4 2 ,去除率分别为 86 .5 %、99.4% ,实验结果表明 :白腐真菌氧化—混凝工艺对于纸浆漂白废水是一种有实用价值的处理工艺。 相似文献
4.
5.
Ben C. Scheele David A. Hunter Laura A. Brannelly Lee F. Skerratt Don A. Driscoll 《Conservation biology》2017,31(3):592-600
Emerging wildlife pathogens are an increasing threat to biodiversity. One of the most serious wildlife diseases is chytridiomycosis, caused by the fungal pathogen, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), which has been documented in over 500 amphibian species. Amphibians vary greatly in their susceptibility to Bd; some species tolerate infection, whereas others experience rapid mortality. Reservoir hosts—species that carry infection while maintaining high abundance but are rarely killed by disease—can increase extinction risk in highly susceptible, sympatric species. However, whether reservoir hosts amplify Bd in declining amphibian species has not been examined. We investigated the role of reservoir hosts in the decline of the threatened northern corroboree frog (Pseudophryne pengilleyi) in an amphibian community in southeastern Australia. In the laboratory, we characterized the response of a potential reservoir host, the (nondeclining) common eastern froglet (Crinia signifera), to Bd infection. In the field, we conducted frog abundance surveys and Bd sampling for both P. pengilleyi and C. signifera. We built multinomial logistic regression models to test whether Crinia signifera and environmental factors were associated with P. pengilleyi decline. C. signifera was a reservoir host for Bd. In the laboratory, many individuals maintained intense infections (>1000 zoospore equivalents) over 12 weeks without mortality, and 79% of individuals sampled in the wild also carried infections. The presence of C. signifera at a site was strongly associated with increased Bd prevalence in sympatric P. pengilleyi. Consistent with disease amplification by a reservoir host, P. pengilleyi declined at sites with high C. signifera abundance. Our results suggest that when reservoir hosts are present, population declines of susceptible species may continue long after the initial emergence of Bd, highlighting an urgent need to assess extinction risk in remnant populations of other declined amphibian species. 相似文献
6.
Bayesian network analyses can be used to interactively change the strength of effect of variables in a model to explore complex relationships in new ways. In doing so, they allow one to identify influential nodes that are not well studied empirically so that future research can be prioritized. We identified relationships in host and pathogen biology to examine disease‐driven declines of amphibians associated with amphibian chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis). We constructed a Bayesian network consisting of behavioral, genetic, physiological, and environmental variables that influence disease and used them to predict host population trends. We varied the impacts of specific variables in the model to reveal factors with the most influence on host population trend. The behavior of the nodes (the way in which the variables probabilistically responded to changes in states of the parents, which are the nodes or variables that directly influenced them in the graphical model) was consistent with published results. The frog population had a 49% probability of decline when all states were set at their original values, and this probability increased when body temperatures were cold, the immune system was not suppressing infection, and the ambient environment was conducive to growth of B. dendrobatidis. These findings suggest the construction of our model reflected the complex relationships characteristic of host–pathogen interactions. Changes to climatic variables alone did not strongly influence the probability of population decline, which suggests that climate interacts with other factors such as the capacity of the frog immune system to suppress disease. Changes to the adaptive immune system and disease reservoirs had a large effect on the population trend, but there was little empirical information available for model construction. Our model inputs can be used as a base to examine other systems, and our results show that such analyses are useful tools for reviewing existing literature, identifying links poorly supported by evidence, and understanding complexities in emerging infectious‐disease systems. 相似文献
7.
一株降解邻苯二甲酸酯真菌的筛选及其降解特性研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
采用富集培养法,从PAEs污染的农田土壤中筛选出1株邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物(PAEs)降解真菌F9,经形态学特征及18S rDNA序列分析,初步鉴定为爪哇正青霉(Eupenicillum javanicun).通过正交试验研究,得出菌株F9的最优降解条件是:C:N为20:1、pH为7.0、最佳PAEs初始浓度为50 mg·L-1.菌株F9对土壤中复合PAEs(DMP、DEP和DOP)有良好的降解效果.在30 d培养期内,可将灭菌土壤中300 mg·kg-1的PAEs降解65.2%,且培养第一阶段(0~15 d)的降解率远高于第二阶段(16~30 d). 相似文献
8.
9.
白腐真菌修复多环芳烃污染土壤及其降解机理的研究进展 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
介绍了白腐真菌对多环芳烃(PAHs)的代谢途径、降解机理,阐述了白腐真菌修复PAHs污染土壤的影响因素和生态效应,并提出了提高白腐真菌修复效率的措施.白腐真菌主要通过分泌木质素降解酶系(木质家过氧化物酶、锰过氧化物酶和漆酶)来降解PAHs,这些胞外酶可通过开环作用把PAHs代谢成为水溶性较强的醌类中间产物,再由其他微生物降解这些中间产物直至矿化.在白腐真菌的培养过程中.通过对环境因素及营养条件(如温度、pH值、C/N比、微量元素和转速)的优化可提高胞外酶产量.在修复PAHs污染土壤过程中,生物竞争、营养条件和环境因素等均会影响白腐真菌的修复效果.同时,归纳总结了改善白腐真菌修复效果的一些措施,如真菌-细菌联合修复、添加适当的培养基质、添加表面活性剂、直接施用酶制剂和改善营养条件等. 相似文献
10.