长芒刺电除尘器性能研究

提出一种新型长芒刺电除尘器,理论与实验研究结果表明,长芒刺电除尘器的场强、伏安特性和除尘效率等性能均高于普通线板式电除尘器。     

奎屯高砷地下水灌溉区居民头发和指甲中砷含量研究

近十几年来,奎屯垦区高砷地下水被广泛用于农业灌溉,会在一定程度上降低改水措施对防治砷地方病的效果。为了解高砷地下水灌溉对居民体内砷累积的影响,选择头发和指甲作为评价指标,通过随机采集样品并用氢化物原子荧光光谱法测定样品中总As及As(Ⅲ)质量比的方式,对奎屯高砷地下水灌溉区居民砷污染健康影响现况进行了研究。结果表明,头发样品中总砷质量比为0.20~1.47μg/g(n=37),其中As(Ⅲ)质量比为0.06~0.67μg/g(n=32);51.35%的样品中总砷质量比高于卫生部标准(0.60μg/g),18.92%高于中国居民头发总砷正常值上限建议值(1.00μg/g),头发总砷质量比随居民居住年限和年龄增大而增大。指甲样品中总砷质量比为0.08~0.35μg/g(n=13),且与头发中总砷质量比呈正相关,当地居民体内呈现缓慢的As蓄积特征。改水30年后,奎屯垦区居民体内仍存在较高的砷水平,高砷地下水灌溉造成的人体健康风险不容忽视。     

纵横复合收尘极板电除尘器特性的研究

电除尘器由于体积大 ,成本高而制约其在企业中应用。根据电流体力学收尘场原理 ,提出一种新型的纵横复合收尘极板电除尘器 ,它把纵向和横向电除尘器有机结合起来。通过正交试验与单因素试验 ,得出这种新型电除尘器的最佳运行参数。它能有效提高单位体积电除尘器收尘极板面积 ,对减小电除尘器体积、改善电除尘器性能具有较大的现实意义     

Concentrations of Heavy Metals in Hair and Nails of Young Pakistanis: Correlation with Dietary Elements

Hair and nail samples from young Pakistani adults were separately analyzed for quantification of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn concentrations. The concentrations of these metals were also analyzed in commonly consumed local foods to evaluate potential correlation of hair and nail concentrations with diet. Pearson correlation coefficients ranged from 0.349 to 0.999, demonstrating diet to be a significant contributor for accumulation of heavy metals in humans.     

气相色谱法同时测定指甲油中的苯系物和邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物

建立指甲油中苯系物、邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物(DMP,DEP,DBP,BBP,DEHP,DNOP)多种有毒有害成分同时检测技术: 用毛细管柱气相色谱分离,外标法定量,苯系物的线性范围为1×10^-2~100μg,邻苯二甲酸酯类为5×10^-2~20μg;苯系物的回收率为90%~102%,相对标准偏差(RSD)的范围为0.13%~0.92%;邻苯二甲酸酯类的回收率为92%~109%,相对标准偏差(RSD)的范围为0.44%~2.54%。结果表明,该方法简便、快速、灵敏、精密度好。     

Occurrence of perfluoroalkyl substances in matched human serum, urine, hair and nail

The purpose of this study was to determine perfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs) in human serum, urine, hair and nail from general populations, and to investigate the possibility for human urine, hair and nail used as the biomonitoring sample for PFASs exposure. We detected the concentrations of PFHx A, PFOA, PFNA, PFDA, PFUn DA, PFDo A, PFHx S and PFOS in 39 matched human serum, urine, hair and nail samples from Shenzhen in China. The detection frequency and the median level of PFOS were all higher than that of the other PFASs in four matrices. The median concentration of PFOS in serum, urine, hair, and nail were 9.24 ng/mL, 13.96 ng/L, 0.58 ng/g and 0.63 ng/g, respectively. The results of spearman correlation test indicated that nail was an ideal matrix for biomonitoring PFOS rather than human urine and hair in general populations for the non-invasive sampling.     

上浮式高速冲模设计

介绍了一种上浮式高速冲裁模的设计方法 ,适用于薄板冲裁 ,其在卸料方式、定位方法上有一定的特点     

长芒刺电除尘器收尘性能及离子风效应研究

通过长芒刺电除尘器与普通线板式电除尘器的收尘性能比较,认为长芒刺电晕极所产生的较强离子风是导致长芒刺电除尘器除尘效率提高的主要原因。在建立芒刺尖到接地极板间的电场分布模型基础上,提出了悬挂小球法测定离子风的试验方法。通过采用滑石粉、石膏和塑料3种材料的小球对离子风的测定,结果表明,在芒刺尖到收尘极板中部场强为2～4kV/cm范围内,离子风速约为2～6m/s。     

A simple ligandless microextraction method based on ionic liquid for the determination of trace cadmium in water and biological samples

A simple and efficient ionic liquid-based ligandless microextraction method has been developed for preconcentration of cadmium ions (Cd²⁺) as a step prior to its determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) with a micro-sample introduction system. In this approach, the ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate [C₄mim][PF₆] and ethanol were used as extractant and dispersive solvents to preconcentrate the Cd²⁺ in different waters, acid digested scalp hair, and nail samples. Some analytical parameters influencing the extraction efficiency of Cd²⁺ and its subsequent determination, including pH, IL volume, dispersant solvent volume, sample volume, temperature, incubation time, and matrix effect, were optimized. Under optimal conditions, the limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), and enhancement factor (EF) were 0.4 μg L^?1, 1.3 μg L^?1, and 50, respectively. The relative standard deviation (RSD) of 100 μgL^?1 Cd²⁺ was 4.3% (n = 6). The validity of the proposed method was checked by determining Cd²⁺ in certified reference material (TM-25.3 fortified water) and standard addition; the results showed sufficient recovery (>98%) of Cd²⁺ within the certified value. The method was applied for preconcentration and determination of cadmium in waters and biological samples.     

射钉枪安全——美国建筑承包商指南概述

本文主要介绍了美国有关射钉枪安全“指南”的范围和内容,特别强调了射钉枪触发器工作机制和伤害原因,提出了射钉枪安全的六项措施,以为我国相关行业提供借鉴。