Bio-removal of mixture of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes/total petroleum hydrocarbons/trichloroethylene from contaminated water

Four pure cultures were isolated from soil samples potentially contaminated with gasoline compounds either at a construction site near a gas station in Fai Chi Kei, Macau SAR or in the northern parts of China (Beijing, and Hebei and Shandong). The e ects of di erent concentrations of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and three isomers (ortho-, meta-, and para-) of xylene (BTEX), total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), and trichloroethylene (TCE), when they were present in mixtures, on the bio-removal e ciencies of microbial isolates were investigated, together with their interactions during the bio-removal process. When the isolates were tested for the BTEX (50–350 mg/L)/TPH (2000 mg/L) mixture, BTEoX in BTEoX/TPH mixture was shown with higher bio-removal e ciencies, while BTEmX in BTEmX/TPH mixture was shown with the lowest, regardless of isolates. The TPH in BTEmX/TPH mixture, on the other hand, were generally shown with higher bio-removal e ciencies compared to when TPH mixed with BTEoX and BTEpX. When these BTEX mixtures (at 350 mg/L) were present with TCE (5–50 mg/L), the stimulatory e ect of TCE toward BTEoX bio-removal was observed for BTEoX/TCE mixture, while the inhibitory e ect of TCE toward BTEmX for BTEmX/TCE mixture. The bio-removal e ciency for TPH was shown lower in TPH (2000 mg/L)/TCE (5–50 mg/L) mixtures compared to TPH present alone, implying the inhibitory e ect of TCE toward TPH bio-removal. For the mixture of BTEX (417 mg/L), TPH (2000 mg/L) along with TCE (5– 50 mg/L), TCE was shown co-metabolically removed more e ciently at 15 mg/L, probably utilizing BTEX and/or TPH as primary substrates.     

包覆型纳米铁的制备及对三氯乙烯的降解研究

采用微乳包覆法制备出粒径约为80 nm的纳米铁粒子.结果表明,包覆型纳米铁与普通液相法、微乳液法制备纳米铁相比,在空气中能稳定存在7 d,经过700 h后,其对初始浓度为10 mg·Ｌ^-1三氯乙烯(TCE)的去除率可达90%;对反应动力学规律进行了探讨,认为纳米铁对TCE的还原过程为准一级反应,在无氧、室温、中性条件下,浓度为87.5、 175、 262.5、 350 mg·Ｌ^-1的包覆型纳米铁的表观速率常数K_obs值分别为6.49×10^-4、6.64×10^-4、7.10×10^-4、7.43×10^-4 min^-1,证明K_obs与纳米铁质量浓度成正比;纳米铁与TCE的反应过程,是纳米铁失电子,在纳米铁表面生成Fe₃Ｏ₄,在水和Fe₃Ｏ₄界面上生成Fe₂Ｏ₃,TCE得电子降解,主要生成乙烯、乙烷,同时也有少量的其他含氯产物.     

A review： Advances in microbial remediation of trichloroethylene （TCE）

Research works in the recent past have revealed three major biodegradation processes leading to the degradation of trichloroethylene. Reductive dechlorination is an anaerobic process in which chlorinated ethenes are used as electron acceptors. On the other hand, cometabolism requires oxygen for enzymatic degradation of chlorinated ethenes, which however yields no benefit for the bacteria involved. The third process is direct oxidation under aerobic conditions whereby chlorinated ethenes are directly used as...     

阴-阳离子协同改性凹土对三氯乙烯的吸附

文章通过凹凸棒土对三氯乙烯(TCE)的吸附动力学实验、等温平衡吸附实验及环境影响因素实验,探讨了凹凸棒土对TCE的去除机理及其影响因素。研究发现,相对于原土,有机改性凹凸棒土对TCE的去除效果有明显的提高,并随着有机碳含量的加大而升高,其去除机制主要为凹凸棒土上的有机相对TCE的分配作用,并以阴阳离子有机凹凸棒土100 HTDMA/100 SDS的吸附效果最好。在TCE初始浓度为100 mg·L-1,温度30℃、pH为(9±0.5),吸附时间2 h条件下,采用等摩尔凹凸棒土阳离子交换容量(CEC)的HTDMA和SDS协同改性的凹凸棒土(即100 HTDMA/100 SDS凹凸棒土)对污染水中TCE的去除率达到最高,并稳定维持在62%左右。     

Coupling of zero valent iron and biobarriers for remediation of trichloroethylene in groundwater

This study attempted to construct a three series barrier system to treat high concentrations of trichloroethylene (TCE; 500 mg/L) in synthetic groundwater. The system consisted of three reactive barriers using iron fillings as an iron-based barrier in the first column, sugarcane bagasse mixed with anaerobic sludge as an anaerobic barrier in the second column, and a biofilm coated on oxygen carbon inducer releasing material as an aerobic barrier in the third column. In order to evaluate the extent of removal of TCE and its metabolites in the aquifer down gradient of the barrier system, a fourth column filled with sand was applied. Residence time of the system was investigated by a bromide tracer test. The results showed that residence time in the column system of the control set and experimental set were 23.62 and 29.99 days, respectively. The e ciency of the three series barrier system in removing TCE was approximately 84% in which the removal e ciency of TCE by the iron filling barrier, anaerobic barrier and aerobic barrier were 42%, 16% and 25%, respectively. cis-Dichloroethylene (cis-DCE), vinyl chloride (VC), ethylene and chloride ions were observed as metabolites following TCE degradation. The presence of chloride ions in the e uent from the column system indicated the degradation of TCE. However, cis-DCE and VC were not fully degraded by the proposed barrier system which suggested that another remediation technology after the barrier treatment such as air sparging and adsorption by activated carbon should be conducted.     

球磨零价镁/石墨(ZVMg/C)降解水中三氯乙烯

利用机械球磨法制备了零价镁/石墨(ZVMg/C)材料,并将其用于水溶液中三氯乙烯(TCE)的降解.研究通过SEM、BET和XRD等分析手段解析了ZVMg/C的表面形态结构和成分组成;采用正交实验方法优化了ZVMg/C的制备参数,比较了石墨含量对材料性能的影响;并考察了ZVMg/C投加量、溶液初始pH和地下水中常见阴(C...     

Cometabolic microbial degradation of trichloroethylene in the presence of toluene

Trichloroethylene (TCE), a common groundwater pollutant, was cometabolized by microorganisms in the presence of toluene as a growth substrate. The effect of concentrations of toluene and TCE and temperature on biodegradation was discussed. Acclimated microorganisms degraded TCE after a lag period of 5 to 22 h depending on toluene concentrations. Approximately 60%, 90% and 04% of TCE were degraded at toluene to TCE concentration ratios of 23 : l, 115 : 1 and 230: l, respectively. At a TCE concentration of 1.46 μg/ml, 80% of TCE and 98.4% of toluene were removed. But less degradation of TCE and toluene was observed when TCE concentration was above 48.8 μg/ml. The lag time of TCE decreased and the TCE biodegradation rates increased with the increase of temperature.     

硫酸盐还原对三氯乙烯生物降解的影响

模拟被三氯乙烯(TCE)污染的地下水,分别按照硫酸根和TCE质量浓度比为0.1、0.5、1.0、2.0和4.0投加硫酸盐,研究硫酸盐还原作用对TCE降解的影响,确定最适宜TCE完全还原脱氯的硫酸盐投加配比。结果表明,硫酸盐还原作用能强化TCE的降解;实验条件下,TCE的降解性能随着两者质量浓度比的增大而增强,较好的投加配比为4.0;硫酸盐还原与TCE降解存在一定的相互促进作用。