分光光度法测定水和废水中六价铬的改进

对二苯碳酰二肼分光光度法测定水和废水中六价铬的方法进行了改进,取样量和所加试剂同比缩小10倍,于Hach公司COD消解管中进行显色反应,在其配套的分光光度计上直接比色测定,校准曲线相关性良好,r〉0．999,精密度RSD〈5％,加标回收率为92．0％～105％,满足分析要求。     

在长三角环境高层论坛上的讲话

尊敬的王玉庆理事长,张九汉主席,任秘书长,王所长,各位来宾：今年是江苏省环境科学学会成立30周年,举办这样一个长三角高层论坛来纪念30周年,应该讲是很有意义的事情。首先,我代表江苏省人民政府向论坛举办和江苏省环境科学学会成立30周年表示热烈祝贺!我很高兴参加这一论坛!     

Profile of Methane Concentrations in Soil and Atmosphere in Alpine Steppe Ecosystem on Tibetan Plateau

The methane concentration profile from -1.5m depth in soil to 32m height in air was measured in alpine steppe located in the permafrost area. Methane concentrations showed widely variations both in air and in soil during the study period. The mean concentrations in atmosphere were all higher than those in soil, and the highest methane concentration was found in air at the height of 16m with the lowest concentration occurring at the depth of 1.5m in soil. The variations of atmospheric methane concentrations did not show any clear pattern both temporally and spatially, although they exhibited a more steadystable state than those in soil. During the seasonal variations, the methane concentrations at different depths in soil were significantly correlated （R^2〉0.6） with each other comparing to the weak correlations （R^2〈0.2） between the atmospheric concentra- tions at different heights. Mean methane concentrations in soil significantly decreased with depth. This was the compositive influence of the decreasing production rates and the increasing methane oxidation rates, which was caused by the descent soil moisture with depth. Although the methane concentrations at all depths varied widely during the growing season, they showed very distinct temporal variations in the non-growing season. It was indicated from the literatures that methane oxidation rates were positively correlated with soil temperature. The higher methane concentrations in soil during the winter were determined by the lower methane oxidation rates with decreasing soil temperatures, whereas methane production rates had no reaction to the lower temperature. Relations between methane contribution and other environmental factors were not discussed in this paper for lacking of data, which impulse us to carry out further and more detailed studies in this unique area.     

3L系列节能低噪声三叶型罗茨鼓风机

由南通市恒荣机泵厂有限公司开发的3L系列节能低噪声三叶型罗茨鼓风机,适用于生活污水、工业废水处理中采用鼓风曝气活性污泥工艺的曝气沉砂池。     

改性高岭土处理含酸性媒介染料的印染废水

用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTMAB)改性的高岭土处理以水溶性酸性媒介染料为主的印染废水.实验结果表明,当CTMAB-高岭土加入量为0.6 g/L、用石灰乳控制废水pH为9.5～10.0、聚丙烯酰胺的加入量为2.0 mg/L时,废水的处理效果最佳,废水色度和COD去除率分别达到98.0%和92.0%以上,出水色度和COD达到了GB4287-92<纺织染整工业水污染物排放标准>一级排放标准.     

要闻

骆琳要求构建安全生产工作长效机制本刊讯2009年7月27～31日,国家安监总局党组中心组(扩大)举办学习研讨班,探索完善安全生产监管监察工作的思路和政策措施;深入研讨扎实推动安全生产"三项行动"、加强     

铁盐-高岭土-PAC联用去除铜绿微囊藻的研究

以聚合氯化铝(PAC)为絮凝剂,高岭土和铁盐(FeCl3)为助凝剂,研究去除水中铜绿微囊藻的适宜条件.结果表明,高岭上作前助凝剂、氯化铁作后助凝剂时,可显著提高PAC去除铜绿微囊藻的效果.PAC投加前将高岭土混匀在原水中,在絮凝阶段投加氯化铁后絮凝体体积增大,沉降速度明显加快.实验室条件下,氰化铁宜在絮凝开始后第3 min投加,适宜投加量为1 ms/L.研究表明,氯化铁作后助凝可使叶绿告素a的去除率达94.07%.而且去除效果受水体PH值的影响变小.     

聚丙烯酰胺助凝处理VAE乳液废水效能研究

为了获得醋酸乙烯-乙烯共聚乳液(VAE乳液)废水的有效处理方法,通过混凝试验比较了不同类型聚丙烯酰胺对FeCl3混凝-气浮工艺的助凝效果,重点研究了阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺CZ4060,确定了其最佳的投加时间、pH值及与FeCl3的复配投量.结果表明,CZ4060对FeCl3具有明显的助凝作用,其最佳的投加点是紧随FeCl3之后投加,最佳的pH值范围为7～9,最佳絮凝时间为8 min,与FeCl3的最佳复配投量为1.5 mg/L和100 mg/L.最佳实验条件下,原水COD为3 085 mg/L时,出水COD降为55.28 mg/L,达到<污水综合排放标准>(GB 8978-1996)要求的一级排放标准.     

芳香类有机物的氯化反应特性研究

选取几种受污染水中有代表性的芳香类有机物进行氯化试验,研究芳香类有机物在饮用水消毒过程中的氯化反应特性,分析芳香类有机物的化学结构对生成消毒副产物三卤甲烷和卤乙酸的影响.1)各受试物质消毒副产物(三卤甲烷和卤乙酸之和)的生成量和生成速率从大到小依次为2,4-二氯酚、2,6-二氯酚、2,3-二氯酚、对苯二酚、苯酚、苯乙酮和苯甲醛.2)芳香类有机物氯化生成消毒副产物的特性取决于苯环上官能团的性质、数量和位置等.苯环上的供电子基有利于消毒副产物的生成,吸电子基则相反;苯环上羟基的数量越多,越容易生成消毒副产物;间位官能团结构的芳香类有机物容易生成三卤甲烷,邻位和对位官能团结构的芳香类有机物则容易生成卤乙酸.3)对苯二酚的氯化反应可分为快速反应和慢速反应两个阶段.     

基于连通法的甲烷简化机理构筑研究

采用连通法,针对甲烷复杂反应机理,成功地进行了不同水平的机理简化研究。通过建立组分依赖关系的正规化Jacobian矩阵,精确地查明了燃烧组分之间的耦合关系,分别构造出仅包含重要化学路径的两个动力学简化模型,获得的简化机理分别包含227和138个反应,分别涉及39和26种组分。通过对层流预混火焰结构的模拟,所得简化机理和原详细反应动力学机理关于火焰结构的计算吻合很好,计算结果显示,两个简化机理具有较高的模拟精度。