掺铈的铜锰钴复合氧化物催化剂对甲苯催化燃烧的性能研究

研究了铜锰钴复合氧化物上掺铈对甲苯完全氧化反应性能的影响。结果表明掺铈的铜锰钴复合氧化物催化剂的催化效果比铜锰、钴锰和钴铜双组分催化剂的催化效果好。以气相色谱为检测手段,用常压气体流动评价装置考察了这四类催化剂对甲苯的温度和空速特性,并对Cu-Mn-Co-Ce-O型催化剂进行了X射线衍射波谱(XRD)表征和BET测量,分析了该催化剂的晶体结构。     

Mn-Ce/C-Al2O3催化剂制备及其处理含苯酚废水研究

将碳材料与Al_2O_3作为催化剂载体的优势互补,将碳包裹在Al_2O_3外侧,开发了新型MnCe/C-Al_2O_3催化剂,探究了制备参数对模拟含苯酚焦化废水中有机物降解的影响,考察了催化剂的稳定性。结果表明:经6%葡萄糖溶液碳负载后,催化剂比表面积增加26.36%;锰的负载提供Lewis酸点并促进了臭氧活化为·OH过程,铈提升了锰的催化效果,在锰铈比为4∶1、450℃条件下烘焙4小时,催化剂对COD、TOC和UV_(254)的降解率可达85.52%、86.06%和90.96%;催化剂在10次降解实验中对COD的去除效果都较为稳定,均值为77.5%,Mn-Ce/C-Al_2O_3催化剂兼具良好的催化活性和稳定性。     

超声辐射浸渍法制备Fe-Ni-Mn/Al2O3催化剂及性能研究

以Al2O3为载体,分别采用超声辐射浸渍法和普通浸渍方法制备Fe-Ni-Mn/Al2O3催化剂。采用BET、XRD和SEM对催化剂的理化性质和孔结构进行了分析,以模拟酸性绿B废水为研究对象考察催化剂的催化性能。实验结果表明,浸渍溶液pH值和焙烧温度显著影响催化剂的性能。与普通浸渍法相比,超声浸渍法制备的Fe-Ni-Mn/Al2O3催化剂对酸性绿B脱色反应表现出较高的催化活性。     

BiVO_4催化剂的离子液体辅助水热合成及其可见光催化活性

采用溴化1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑([Bmim]Br)离子液体辅助水热合成法制备了光催化剂Bi VO4。以高压氙灯作为可见光源,亚甲基蓝为目标污染物,考察反应温度、p H、反应时间和离子用量等制备条件对Bi VO4的可见光催化活性的影响,确定了最佳制备条件。并采用XRD、SEM和UV-Vis漫反射等分析手段对催化剂的晶相、形貌和光学特性进行了表征。结果表明,在离子液体加入量为2 m L、p H=4、反应温度为180℃、反应时间为4 h的条件下,制得的Bi VO4催化剂的可见光光催化活性最高。制得的Bi VO4为单斜相,呈分散的、大小均匀的片状,在200~500 nm范围有一个较宽的强吸收平台,具有良好的可见光催化活性,在可见光照射下对浓度为5 mg/L的亚甲基蓝的光催化脱色率达97%以上。     

Ti-Cu-Mn复合物负载石墨烯催化剂制备及其降解二甲苯性能

采用水热法制备了4种不同摩尔比的Cu-Mn-Ti/GS复合物催化剂,利用固定式反应床评价了其对二甲苯的催化氧化性能,并对催化剂进行了BET、XRD、SEM、TEM、XPS等表征,探讨了其对二甲苯的降解动力学.结果表明,当催化剂的Cu、Mn含量增加时,其比表面积有所降低,总孔容也降低,降解活性减小.催化剂中Cu-Mn呈现Cu_(1.5)Mn_(1.5)O_4和CuMn_2O_4两种晶格,活性组分有Cu~+、CuMn O和TiO_2.石墨烯载体的稳定性较好,Ti-Cu-Mn/GS(1∶1∶1)催化剂的颗粒分布较均匀,粒径也较小,降解二甲苯的T50为97℃,表现出较好的低温催化降解性能.催化剂对二甲苯的催化氧化降解过程符合一级反应动力学方程.     

Effect of Ce doping of TiO2 support on NH3-SCR activity over V2O5-WO3/CeO2-TiO2 catalyst

CeO2–TiO2composite supports with different Ce/Ti molar ratios were prepared by a homogeneous precipitation method, and V2O5–WO3/CeO2–TiO2catalysts for the selective catalytic reduction（SCR） of NOx with NH3 were prepared by an incipient-wetness impregnation method. These catalysts were characterized by means of BET, XRD, UV–Vis,Raman and XPS techniques. The results showed that the catalytic activity of V2O5–WO3/TiO2 was greatly enhanced by Ce doping（molar ratio of Ce/Ti = 1/10） in the TiO2 support.The catalysts that were predominantly anatase TiO2 showed better catalytic performance than the catalysts that were predominantly fluorite CeO2. The Ce additive could enhance the surface adsorbed oxygen and accelerate the SCR reaction. The effects of O2 concentration, ratio of NH3/NO, space velocity and SO2 on the catalytic activity were also investigated. The presence of oxygen played an important role in NO reduction. The optimal ratio of NH3/NO was 1/1 and the catalyst had good resistance to SO2 poisoning.     

Effect of pretreatment on Pd/Al2O3 catalyst for catalytic oxidation of o-xylene at low temperature

The effect of pretreatment on Pd/Al₂O₃ catalysts for the catalytic oxidation of o-xylene at low temperature was studied by changing the pretreatment and testing conditions. The fresh and pretreated Pd/Al₂O₃ catalysts were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed that the pretreatment dramatically changed the Pd/PdO ratio and then significantly affected the Pd/Al₂O₃ activity; while the pretreatment had not much influence on Pd particle size. The Pd/Al₂O₃ pre-reduced at 300℃/400℃, which has fully reduced Pd species, showed the highest activity; while the fresh Pd/Al₂O₃, which has fully oxidized Pd species, presented the worst performance, indicating the Pd chemical state plays an important role in the catalytic activity for the o-xylene oxidation. It is concluded that metallic Pd is the active species on the Pd/Al₂O₃ catalyst for the catalytic oxidation of o-xylene at low temperature.     

TiO_2纳米管催化活性再生处理技术

采用H2O2、Fe2(SO4)3和Fenton溶液对失活的TiO2纳米管进行再生处理,重点考察了3种溶液的浓度和处理时间等对再生效果的影响,初步分析了经处理后TiO2纳米管催化活性得到再生或增强的机理。结果表明,经H2O2溶液处理后TiO2催化活性能得到有效再生,经Fe2(SO4)3和Fenton溶液处理后其催化活性不仅得到再生,还能显著增强,这与H2O2和Fenton的强氧化作用,及进入TiO2纳米管的Fe3+的阻止电子-空穴对再复合作用有关。     

Fenton溶液预处理对TiO2纳米管催化活性的影响

采用Fenton溶液对TiO2纳米管电极进行预处理,研究其对TiO2纳米管催化活性的影响,考察了Fenton溶液的浓度、配比和处理时间等影响因素,研究了Fenton预处理过程中溶液中二价铁和总铁的含量变化,运用X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)和场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)对TiO2纳米管电极进行了表征,初步探讨了经处理后TiO2纳米管催化活性再生或增强的机理.结果表明,经Fenton溶液处理后的TiO2纳米管催化活性有明显地提高,Fenton溶液浓度越高,TCs降解率越大(相应于TiO2纳米管催化活性的增强);在一定浓度范围内,H2O2的配比高低对TCs降解率影响较大,其所占比例高,则降解率高,而Fe2+配比高低对TCs降解率影响相对较小.在Fenton溶液处理过程中,溶液中剩余的Fe2+含量较为恒定,总铁的含量呈下降趋势.XPS分析表明,经Fenton溶液处理后,TiO2纳米管电极表面C1s含量降低,O1s、Fe2p含量增大;部分含碳官能团含量明显降低,O1s的电子结合能向高能端位移.     

O3/H2O2协同催化处理煤化工高盐有机废水的研究

煤化工高盐废水中有机物的处理是废水零排放项目能否成功运行的关键性因素,制备了一种铁基活性炭催化剂,并采用O₃/H₂O₂协同催化技术处理煤化工高盐废水,可以显著提高废水中有机物的处理效果。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、穆斯堡尔谱、X射线荧光光谱仪(XRF)、X射线衍射(XRD)等手段对催化剂进行表征,考察处理工艺、氧化剂加入量和反应时间对废水中有机物去除效果的影响,评价催化剂的稳定性和催化性能。结果表明,本催化剂用于O₃/H₂O₂协同催化处理煤化工高盐有机废水时,TOC去除率提高至54.41%;连续稳定运行1800 h后催化剂的催化活性基本保持不变。提供的催化剂及O₃/H₂O₂协同催化工艺可以高效处理煤化工高盐废水中的有机物,解决废水零排放项目中的难点,具有广阔的市场应用前景。