遭遇欧盟排放新政中国航空业将何去何从

欧盟已于2008年通过法案,自2012年1月1日起正式将所有欧盟和非欧盟航班纳入欧盟温室气体排放交易系统(EU-ETS)。国际航空业对此的反应不一,欧盟此举也对中国航空业产生了重要影响。根据国际能源机构(IEA)统计,全球航空业2008年二氧化碳排放(包括国际航空和国内航空)占总化石燃料二氧化碳排放的2.6%,虽然其比例不高,但航空业却是全球二氧化     

基于我国规范与PIARC标准的公路隧道需风量分析

以某长大高速公路隧道为例,结合我国隧道通风设计规范JTJ026.1-1999与PIARC2007标准(世界道路协会),针对不同行车速度,不同车辆更新情况、不同排放标准组合形式以及是否考虑NOx等情况,对各个不同工况的需风量分别进行计算,并从需风量计算方法、机动车排放量和污染物设计浓度三个方面对隧道需风量差异进行分析。研究结果表明:我国设计规范与PIARC2007存在较大差距,为了适应当前及今后我国交通量及机动车排放特点的发展趋势,我国现行规范应在机动车排放量、污染物设计浓度限值等方面做出必要改进以达到合理确定隧道需风量的目的。     

Preliminary report on methane emissions from the Three Gorges Reservoir in the summer drainage period

Considerable variations may exist in CH4 emissions from the Three Gorges Reservoir.     

英国可替代能源及节能

人类正面临着严重的石油短缺,因此正在努力减少化石燃料的使用以抑制温室气体排放所造成的全球变暖趋势。在此紧要关头,风能、太阳能、生物燃料等可替代能源就显示出了重要性。由于目前西欧正逐渐成为世界上人口最稠密的地区之一,这使得西欧在推行替代能源的过程中面临     

上海华中药业 氨氮排放大户实行清洁生产

目前,我国制药行业存在能耗大、污染重、资源浪费、结构不合理等问题。 2010年2月,环境保护部发布的全国污染源普查公报显示,制药工业占全国工业总产值的1．7％,而污水排放量却占到2％。     

Unregulated emissions from diesel engine with particulate filter using Fe-based fuel borne catalyst

The alteration and formation of toxic compounds and potential changes in the toxicity of emissions when using after-treatment technologies have gained wide attention. Volatile organic compound（VOC）, carbonyl compound and particle-phase polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon（PAH） emissions were tested at European Steady State Cycle（ESC） to study unregulated emissions from a diesel engine with a fuel-borne catalyst and diesel particulate filter（FBC–DPF）. An Fe-based fuel-borne catalyst was used for this study. According to the results, brake specific emissions of total VOCs without and with DPF were 4.7 and4.9 mg/kWh, respectively, showing a 4.3% increase. Benzene and n-undecane emissions increased and toluene emission decreased, while other individual VOC emissions basically had no change. When retrofitted with the FBC–DPF, total carbonyl compound emission decreased 15.7%, from 25.8 to 21.8 mg/kWh. The two highest carbonyls, formaldehyde and acetaldehyde, were reduced from 20.0 and 3.7 to 16.5 and 3.3 mg/kWh respectively. The specific reactivity（SR） with DPF was reduced from 6.68 to 6.64 mg/kWh. Total particle-phase PAH emissions decreased 66.4% with DPF compared to that without DPF. However, the Benzo[a]pyrene equivalent（BaPeq） with DPF had increased from 0.016 to 0.030 mg/kWh.Fluoranthene and Pyrene had the greatest decrease, 91.1% and 88.4% respectively. The increase of two- and three-ring PAHs with DPF indicates that the fuel-borne catalyst caused some gas-phase PAHs to adsorb on particles. The results of this study expand the knowledge of the effects of using a particulate filter and a Fe-based fuel-borne catalyst on diesel engine unregulated emissions.     

Two-step accelerated mineral carbonation and decomposition analysis for the reduction of CO2 emission in the eco-industrial parks

Carbon dioxide（CO2） emissions are a leading contributor to the negative effects of global warming. Globally, research has focused on effective means of reducing and mitigating CO2 emissions. In this study, we examined the efficacy of eco-industrial parks（EIPs） and accelerated mineral carbonation techniques in reducing CO2 emissions in South Korea.First, we used Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index（LMDI） analysis to determine the trends in carbon production and mitigation at the existing EIPs. We found that, although CO2 was generated as byproducts and wastes of production at these EIPs, improved energy intensity effects occurred at all EIPs, and we strongly believe that EIPs are a strong alternative to traditional industrial complexes for reducing net carbon emissions. We also examined the optimal conditions for using accelerated mineral carbonation to dispose of hazardous fly ash produced through the incineration of municipal solid wastes at these EIPs. We determined that this technique most efficiently sequestered CO2 when micro-bubbling, low flow rate inlet gas, and ammonia additives were employed.     

推动能源革命,应对气候变化

<正>近年来,我国的温室气体排放量持续增长,从2007年超过美国成为全球第一排放大国,到2013年排放超过了第二、三位的美欧排放之和,占全球总量的29%。我国的能源消费总量比美国高约1/5,但二氧化碳排放接近美国的2倍。从能源结构看,我国2012年的煤炭消费是美国的4.3倍,石油不到美国的3/5,天然气消费不到美国的1/5,造成我国的能源碳强度比美国高1/4。与欧洲发达国家相比,我国的能源碳强度比英国、德国高1/4,是法国的2倍。     

南京市氮氧化物排放行业分布特征及减排对策

采用污染源普查资料与实地调查相结合的方法,对南京市各行业氮氧化物(NOx)排放源及排放量进行调查和梳理。结果表明:各行业NO x排放分担率依次为电力41%、机动车25%、钢铁10%、水泥9%、石化7%、其它工业5%、居民生活3%。针对南京市现状,对重点排放源提出了NO x减排措施与对策。     

复合燃料温室气体排放量计算方法探讨

当前复合燃料温室气体(GHG)排放量的计算普遍采用IPCC排放因子法,此法的运用需要依赖准确的燃料消耗计量、燃料氧化率和燃料低位热值等数据,其缺省因子是否适合有待商榷。本文通过采用实地监测手段,在获得了企业固定排放源设备的相关参数后,采用IPCC排放因子法、质量平衡法、时间比法、负荷法和热值分配法等几种方法对企业GHG排放量进行了计算。结果显示:IPCC排放因子法的计算结果并不能准确地反映企业温室气体的排放情况,而热值分配法可以较好地对燃烧复合燃料的固定燃烧源GHG排放量进行计算。建议有条件的地区采用监测法对固定燃烧源GHG排放量进行计算,而采用热值分配法对燃烧复合燃料的固定燃烧源拓展时间段的GHG排放量进行计算。