纳米TiO_2固定化技术

稳定、牢固并具有高活性的纳米TiO2 膜的制备是光催化技术实用化需要解决的关键问题 ,本文主要就纳米TiO2 的固定化方法、烧结温度、载体选择、TiO2 改性等方面进行了综述。     

BiOBr/CdS复合微球的制备及其光催化性能研究

以Bi(NO_3)_3、KBr、Na_2S和Cd(NO_3)_2等为原料,依次采用溶剂热法和多次浸渍法,制备了具有可见光活性的BiOBr/CdS复合微球催化剂,并通过X射线衍射仪(XRD),扫描电子显微镜(SEM),透射电子显微镜(TEM)等表征手段对合成的催化剂进行表征,并以罗丹明B作为目标污染物,在可见光的照射下,考察了复合材料的有机污染物降解能力。结果表明,在光照时间为120min时,罗丹明B染料的降解率可达85%,相对于纯的CdS和BiOBr而言,所制备的BiOBr/CdS异质结催化剂具有良好的光催化活性和良好的可见光响应能力。主要原因可归因于异质结结构能很好地促进光生载流子的分离和迁移。     

CuWO4/WO3的制备及其对含油污泥的光催化氧化处理

采用焙烧法在WO₃载体表面原位生成CuWO₄，构建了CuWO₄/WO₃光催化剂。利用XRD、拉曼光谱、XPS、SEM和EDS等表征了样品的结构和形貌，表征结果显示，CuWO₄/WO₃催化剂为异质结结构。CuWO₄/WO₃光催化去除含油污泥COD实验结果表明，CuWO₄/WO₃的光催化活性较WO₃有明显提升，Cu与W的质量比为4%的CuWO₄/WO₃催化剂的光催化活性最高，其6 h内COD去除率为94.2%。CuWO₄/WO₃光催化去除含油污泥COD过程中，·OH和·O₂^-为主要活性物种。     

纳米TiO_2光催化降解水溶性染料溶液的研究

研究了纳米ＴｉＯ２光催化剂对活性黄Ｘ６Ｇ、活性红Ｘ３Ｂ、活性蓝ＸＢＲ、碱性绿、碱性紫５ＢＮ、碱性品红等６种染料溶液的光解脱色效果。结果表明，在ｐＨ２的酸性溶液中，对浓度为６０ｍｇ／Ｌ的６种染料溶液的脱色率均超过９３．３％；即使对浓度达２００ｍｇ／Ｌ的活性蓝溶液，其脱色率仍可达７８．８％。染料溶液的ｐＨ值对纳米ＴｉＯ２光催化脱色效果影响较大     

新型可见光响应光催化剂的研究进展

研究开发高活性的可见光响应催化剂对于解决环境污染和能源短缺问题具有重要意义。在阐述反应机理的基础上,介绍了改性Ti O2、多元金属复合氧化物、卤氧化物、铋系化合物等新型可见光响应光催化剂的研究现状,并对未来可见光响应催化剂的机理探讨、催化活性提高、制备新技术等方面的研究进行了展望。     

WC/TiO2纳米复合界面光催化剂制备及其光催化降解酚类污染物研究

设计并制备了新型WC/TiO2纳米复合界面光催化剂应用于酚类污染物的光催化降解反应中.采用X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)技术分析了WC/TiO2纳米复合界面光催化剂的晶型和表面形貌.结果显示锐钛矿型TiO2纳米颗粒均匀地分散在WC纳米球表面并很好地构筑了WC/TiO2界面.研究了不同WC负载比例的WC/TiO2光催化剂在模拟太阳光照射下降解苯酚的光催化性能.结果表明:WC/TiO2复合界面的形成可以有效地提高TiO2光催化降解性能;其中,3%WC/TiO2(质量分数)光催化降解苯酚的活性最高.利用紫外-可见光谱(UV-Vis)和高效液相色谱-质谱联用技术(HPLC-MS)分析了WC/TiO2纳米复合界面光催化剂降解苯酚的中间产物,提出了苯酚在WC/TiO2界面上可能的降解机理.     

Photocatalytic removal of NO and NO2 using titania nanotubes synthesized by hydrothermal method

In this study, the photocatalysts of titania nanotubes(TNTs) were synthesized at different calcination temperatures using commercial Degussa TiO2(P25) as a precursor. The materials were then characterized by BET, SEM, TEM, and XRD analyses. The photocatalytic reactions with NO and NO2 under UV-A irradiation were both performed. The results showed that the photocatalytic reaction rate of NO was much faster than that of NO2, and the conversion of NO2 to nitrate was the rate-limiting step for photocatalytic removal of NOx if the nitrate produced cannot be removed continuously from the photocatalyst surface. For TNTs calcined at different temperatures, a significant enhancement was observed on the total NOx removal efficiency by TNT calcined at 500°C for both NO and NO2 photocatalytic reaction, which could be attributed to its high anatase crystallinity as well as high surface area. These two factors affect primarily on the NO2conversion step in which the high anatase crystallinity could be responsible for the high efficiency at the beginning, while the high surface area could be accounted for retaining this high efficiency from nitric acid poisoning during the test period.     

Biogenic C-doped titania templated by cyanobacteria for visible-light photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B

Cyanobacteria, which occurred in eutrophic water harvest solar light to carry out photosynthesis with high efficiency. In this work, cyanobacteria （Microcystis sp.） were used as biotemplate to synthesize titania structure. The synthesized titania sample had similar morphology to that of the original template in spite of the fragile unicellular structures and extremely high water content of cyanobacterial cells. Incorporation of biogenic C, as well as the morphology inherited from biotemplate improved visible- light absorbance of the titania structure. The sample exhibited higher visible-light photocatalytic activity than commercial titania photocatalyst Degussa P25 for Rhodamine B （RhB） degradation. Compared with those C-doped titania photocatalysts prepared by other methods, cyanobacteria templated titania photocatalyst offer some potential for competitive advantages. The reported strategy opened up a new use for the cyanobacteria. It could also be used for titania in applications such as treatment of polluted water, dye-sensitized solar cells, or other regions.     

磁性CuS/γ-Fe2O3复合材料光催化处理染料废水

以氯化铜、纳米γ-Fe₂O₃和硫脲为原材料,乙二醇为溶剂,采用溶剂热法制备了磁性CuS/γ-Fe₂O₃复合光催化剂。考察了该光催化剂对刚果红染料废水的处理效果。在m（CuS）:m（γ-Fe₂O₃）=2:1、刚果红初始质量浓度为10 mg/L、光催化剂投加量为0.6 g/L的最佳工艺条件下,刚果红去除率达96.51%。阴离子Cl^-、NO₃^- 及SO₄^2-对该光催化剂的催化活性具有促进作用,其中SO₄^2–的促进作用最显著。该光催化剂具有较好的活性稳定性,重复使用6次后刚果红去除率仍高达90.50 %。