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901.
CUI Huxiong CHENG Tiantao YU Xingn CHEN Jianmin XU Yongfu FANG Wen 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2009,21(8):1103-1107
The variations of sulfate formation and optical coe cients during SO2 heterogeneous reactions on hematite surface under di erent
SO2 concentrations were examined using in situ di use reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) and ion
chromatograph (IC). Laboratory experiments revealed that within ambient SO2 of 0.51–18.6 ppmv, sulfate product, producing velocity,
absorption and backward scattering coe cients showed an increasing trend with SO2 concentration. Under given SO2 concentration,
the velocity of sulfate producing performed an evolution of initial increasing, midterm decreasing and final stabilizing. The reactive
uptake and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) uptake coe cients of heterogeneous reactions rose with SO2 and exhibited high reactivities.
Considering global warming, this result is important for the knowledge of heterogeneous reactions of SO2 on mineral particle surface
in the atmosphere and the assessment of their impacts on radiative forcing. 相似文献
902.
采用零价铁(ZVI,Fe0)还原技术,在常温常压下修复邻硝基甲苯(ONT)污染的土壤,研究不同反应条件对还原效果的影响及产物随时间的变化。实验结果表明,Fe0能够有效地将土壤中的邻硝基甲苯还原为邻甲基苯胺(OMA),反应过程中先生成邻甲基亚硝基苯,再进一步还原为邻甲基苯胺。当ONT的初始浓度约为2.5×10-6mol/g,Fe0加入量是25mg/g,土壤水含量75%,土壤初始pH值6.8,于25℃反应5h,ONT的还原率可达97%。Fe0用量、土壤含水量、土壤初始pH值和温度均对Fe0还原ONT产生影响,增加Fe0用量、较饱和的土壤含水量、偏酸性土壤和较高的温度能显著提高其还原率。 相似文献
903.
为研究零价铁(Fe0)通过电子转移对过硫酸盐(PS)降解分散剂木质素磺酸钠(SL)能力的影响,以SL作为目标污染物,对影响SL降解的因素(初始pH值、SL初始质量浓度、PS浓度、Fe0投加量)及降解机理进行探讨.结果表明,1)当pH值小于2时,SL降解率随pH值升高而升高;当pH值在2~5时,SL降解率随pH值升高而降低.当PS浓度在2~4 mmol/L时,SL的降解率随PS浓度的增大而增大;当PS浓度超过4 mmol/L后降解率呈现下降趋势.当固定其他反应条件时,SL的降解率随SL初始质量浓度的升高而降低.2)相比于单一 Fe0体系和单一 PS体系,Fe0-PS体系对SL的降解率有显著提高,对含SL废水可生化性有所改善.在最佳反应条件下(pH值为2,Fe0投加后质量浓度为0.3 g/L,SL初始质量浓度0.5 g/L,PS浓度为4 mmol/L),180 min内SL的降解率能达到75.9%.3)Fe0活化PS产生SO4-·,通过自由基淬灭剂进行淬灭试验,确定降解过程中的SO4-·与·OH为体系活性物质.4)通过红外吸收光谱扫描,比较SL与反应产物的FTIR图谱,推测在氧化作用下,SL的苯环结构断裂,部分磺酸基团被氧化为SO4-.研究表明,Fe0-PS体系与单一 Fe0体系和单一 PS体系相比,Fe0能有效活化PS产生SO4-·,进而对SL有更好的降解效果. 相似文献
904.
905.
曾经,在食盐中加入碘酸钾(KlO3)帮助我国大多数地区摆脱了碘缺乏病。家家户户的灶台上,一顿顿的美食味道里都有它的身影。而同样是为了解决铁营养的“铁强化酱油”却似乎没有碘盐那样幸运,老百姓对着货架皱起了眉头,专家学者在媒体上众说纷纭,“铁酱油”依然难入百姓家。 相似文献
906.
Min Wu Suiliang Huang Wei Wen Xueming Sun Xianqiang Tang Miklas Scholz 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2011,23(7):1086-1094
We assessed nutrient characteristics, distributions and fractions within the disturbed and undisturbed sediments at four sampling
sites within the mainstream of Haihe River. The river sediments contained mostly sand (> 60%). The fraction of clay was < 3%. Total
nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations ranged from 729 to 1922 mg/kg and from 692 to 1388 mg/kg, respectively.
Nutrient concentrations within the sediments usually decreased with increasing depth. The TN and TP concentrations within the
fine sand were higher than for that within silt. Sediment phosphorus fractions were between 2.99% and 3.37% Ex-P (exchangeable
phosphorus), 7.89% and 13.71% Fe/Al-P (Fe, Al oxides bound phosphorus), 61.32% and 70.14% Ca-P (calcium-bound phosphorus),
and 17.03% and 22.04% Org-P (organic phosphorus). Nitrogen and phosphorus release from sediment could lead to the presence of
21.02 mg N/L and 3.10 mg P/L within the water column. A river restoration project should address the sediment nutrient stock. 相似文献
907.
Simultaneous removal of chromium and arsenate from contaminated
groundwater by ferrous sulfate: Batch uptake behavior 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Chromium and/or arsenate removal by Fe(II) as a function of pH, Fe(II) dosage and initial Cr(VI)/As(V) ratio were examined in
batch tests. The presence of arsenate reduced the removal e ciency of chromium by Fe(II), while the presence of chromate significantly
increased the removal e ciency of arsenate by Fe(II) at pH 6–8. In the absence of arsenate, chromium removal by Fe(II) increased to
a maximum with increasing pH from 4 to 7 and then decreased with a further increase in pH. The increment in Fe(II) dosage resulted
in an improvement in chromium removal and the improvement was more remarkable under alkaline conditions than that under acidic
conditions. Chromium removal by Fe(II) was reduced to a larger extent under neutral and alkaline conditions than that under acidic
conditions due to the presence of 10 mol/L arsenate. The presence of 20 mol/L arsenate slightly improved chromium removal by
Fe(II) at pH 3.9–5.8, but had detrimental e ects at pH 6.7–9.8. Arsenate removal was improved significantly at pH 4–9 due to the
presence of 10 mol/L chromate at Fe(II) dosages of 20–60 mol/L. Elevating the chromate concentration from 10 to 20 mol/L
resulted in a further improvement in arsenate removal at pH 4.0–4.6 when Fe(II) was dosed at 30–60 mol/L. 相似文献
908.
Heterogeneous oxidation of gas-phase Hg0 by nano-Fe2O3 was investigated on a fixed bed reactor, and the e ects of oxygen
concentration, bed temperature, water vapour concentration and particle size have been discussed. The results showed that Hg0 could
be oxidized by active oxygen atom on the surface of nano-Fe2O3 as well as lattice oxygen in nano-Fe2O3. Among the factors that
a ect Hg0 oxidation by nano-Fe2O3, bed temperature plays an important role. More than 40% of total mercury was oxidized at 300°C,
however, the test temperature at 400°C could cause sintering of nano-catalyst, which led to a lower e ciency of Hg0 oxidation. The
increase of oxygen concentration could promote mercury oxidation and led to higher Hg0 oxidation e ciency. No obvious mercury
oxidation was detected in the pure N2 atmosphere, which indicates that oxygen is required in the gas stream for mercury oxidation. The
presence of water vapour showed di erent e ects on mercury oxidation depending on its concentration. The lower content of water
vapour could promote mercury oxidation, while the higher content of water vapour inhibits mercury oxidation. 相似文献
909.
910.
以纳米铁粉为脱色剂,以甲基橙水溶液为目标污染物,研究了纳米铁粉对甲基橙水溶液的脱色影响.结果表明染料初始浓度一定时,加入一定铁粉,脱色率随脱色时间的增加而增大,到一定时间后脱色率不再有大的变化;酸洗铁粉对甲基橙水溶液的脱色效果更好;将酸洗铁粉进行水洗,脱色率随水洗次数的增加而减少;摇床转速越高,脱色效果越好. 相似文献