某石化企业化验岗位工人苯系物接触现状调查

为了解某石化企业化验岗位工人与苯系物接触现状,对该企业6个化验岗位进行了苯系物职业危害因素检测。结果表明：化工厂一工段油品室、乙烯化验车间、乙烯质检中心油品组苯超标严重。通过综合分析,对今后该企业化验岗位苯系物危害因素治理提出了建议。     

1株BTEX降解新菌株的分离鉴定及其降解特性研究

取自炼油污水处理厂曝气池的活性污泥经过苯系物定向驯化后,选育到1株能同时高效降解苯、甲苯、乙苯和邻二甲苯(BTEX)的菌株byf-4,基于形态特征、生理生化、16S rDNA序列系统学分析和Biolog鉴定,可确定该菌株为染料分枝杆菌Mycobacterium cosmeticum,其为新发现的1株具有降解BTEX性能的菌株.该菌株最佳生长温度和pH分别为30℃和7.0,其对4种苯系物的降解优先顺序为苯、甲苯、乙苯、邻二甲苯;菌株降解苯、甲苯、乙苯和邻二甲苯的比耗氧速率分别为165.3、170.5、49.3和57.4 mg.(min.mg)-1;菌株降解BTEX的过程遵循Haldane动力学模型,对苯、甲苯、乙苯和邻二甲苯的最大比降解速率分别为0.518、0.491、0.443和0.422 h-1,菌株最大比生长速率分别为0.352、0.278、0.172和0.136 h-1.     

沈阳市部分装修居室室内空气污染测定

通过对部分装修居室不同通风时间、不同位置进行甲醛和苯系物的实际测定,基本掌握居室室内空气主要污染物及其污染程度,提出了装修房间室内空气污染防治措施。     

Influence of the wastewater composition on denitrification and biological P-removal in the S-DN-P process： （c） Dissolved and undissolved substrates

The denitrification and P-removal in the sorption-denitrification-P-removal (S-DN-P) process were carried out under various wastewater compositions. It is noted that P-removal largely depends on the wastewater composition as well to the quantity of the substrates present in wastewater fraction. Three different wastewater fractions are obtained as: raw wastewater, dissolved wastewater (obtained with filtration using 0.45 μm filter), and undissolved wastewater (i.e., infiltrate obtained by above filtration). ...     

基于熵权的物元分析法在土壤重金属污染评价中的应用

本文运用基于熵权的物元分析法对土壤重金属污染进行综合评价,并将其评价结果与属性识别法、模糊数学法进行对比,结果表明运用物元分析法进行土壤重金属污染评价是可行的,且科学、合理.     

In vitro thyroid disrupting e ects of organic extracts from WWTPs in Beijing

It is generally known that there are many endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) in the e uents from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Most research has focused on the occurrence of estrogenic or androgenic activities, while ignoring that there are environmental chemicals disrupting thyroid system, which is essential for growth and development in both humans and animals. In the present work, a two-hybrid yeast assay was conducted to evaluate the removal e ciencies of agonistic or antagonistic thyroid receptor (TR) mediated e ects in di erent treatment processes of three WWTPs located in Beijing. We found no TR agonistic, but TR antagonistic activities in all processes from the WWTPs. The TR antagonistic activities in organic extracts of water samples were then calibrated regarding to a known TR-inhibitor, amiodarone hydrochloride (AH). The observed concentration of TR disrupting substances ranged from 2.35 10??8 to 6.19 10??7 mol/L AH in Gaobeidian WWTP, 3.76 10??8 to 8.75 10??8 mol/L AH in Lugouqiao WWTP, and 4.80 10??9 to 2.55 10??8 mol/L AH in Beixiaohe WWTP. Of the three WWTPs, the removal rates were 92.7%, 42.2%, and 23.1% respectively. Industrial sewage may contain more TR disrupting substances compared with domestic sewage. The recipient waters were found to contain considerable concentrations of TR disrupting substances that may cause adverse e ects on the exposed organisms.     

小城镇灾害易损性可拓评估的原理和应用

为给小城镇防灾减灾和小城镇规划等提供科学依据,本文借鉴可拓原理对小城镇灾害易损性进行了可拓评估.首先,建立了小城镇灾害易损性的可拓评估流程,结合湖南小城镇实例,选取评价指标,确定灾害易损性的分级标准;其次,构建了可拓评估的经典域、节域蝌和物元;然后提出了用简单关联函数计算指标权重;最后,计算了灾害易损性的关联函数值和关联度,评估了灾害易损性的等级并计算了其变量特征值.与模糊评估方法相比,两者平级结果总体上一致.结果表明,该方法能较真实地反映小城镇灾害易损性等级,同时也证明了将可拓原理应用于小城镇灾害易损性评估的可行性.     

工业污染场地土壤苯系物的检测方法比较研究

以工业污染场地为研究对象,比较和分析了静态顶空、吹扫捕集和固相微萃取等3种前处理方法对土壤中苯系物的气相色谱检测结果差异.结果表明,静态顶空和吹扫捕集两种方法均可对土壤苯系物进行定性定量分析,固相微萃取因土壤有机污染物对萃取探头造成溶解损害而不能检测.静态顶空法检测苯系物各组分的回收率为95.2%～98.2%,吹扫捕集...     

公路路段安全保障度评价的改进物元可拓模型

为克服现有公路安全性评价方法难以客观量化评价因子权重这一不足,从道路安全保障度的概念出发,基于已有相关标准规范和安全理论研究成果构建了公路路段安全保障度评价指标体系,利用改进物元可拓模型建立了公路路段安全保障度评价模型.实例分析结果表明,该路段安全保障度等级为"低",且偏向于"很低"等级的程度较大,符合其实际情况.实例中将所建模型与3种常用评价模型进行比较,结果表明其用于公路路段安全保障度评价具有更好的实用性.敏感性分析显示,最大纵坡、平曲线超高和加宽设计指数、路面摩擦系数、交通饱和度、建筑物或植被等侵入率更易影响该路段的安全保障度.     

基于物元模型的航空公司飞行安全风险综合评价

提高航空公司飞行安全风险管理水平的关键是对航空公司飞行安全风险的现状进行科学客观的综合评价。在系统分析影响航空公司飞行安全风险因素的基础上,建立了由机组因素、飞机因素、环境因素和飞行管理4个1级指标及26个2级指标组成的航空公司飞行安全风险指标体系,指标体系中各级评价指标的权重由层次分析法确定;由于航空公司飞行安全风险评价具有物元的可拓性,构建了航空公司飞行安全风险评价的多级物元模型。实例演算表明,物元理论能充分地利用航空公司飞行安全风险评价中的指标信息,确定影响航空公司飞行安全风险的主要因素,以便航空公司采取针对性的措施提高飞行安全风险管理水平。