光氧化反应脱汞技术发展综述

燃煤电厂烟气中汞污染的控制技术研究是目前重要的环保课题之一。气相元素汞成为大气中汞污染的主要来源。文章分析了光氧化反应脱汞技术(包括光化学氧化反应和光催化氧化反应)的反应机理,认为光化学氧化反应技术脱汞均是在紫外光作用下,产生具有强氧化性的基态原子或自由基,将难以脱除的Hg0氧化为高价汞,再通过配套的电除尘器等设备将高价汞捕集,进而达到汞污染控制的目的。不同的是,在光化学氧化反应中,汞的氧化需要借助于电厂烟气中的O2、H2O等成分,而在光催化氧化反应中,反应需要在光催化剂(TiO2或TiO2负载复合物等)的催化作用下进行。阐述了光氧化反应汞脱除技术研究进展。光氧化反应脱汞技术的汞脱除率均可达到60%~70%,具备设备简单、无二次污染等优点。     

内循环活性炭生物流化床处理农药生产废水的试验研究

采用内循环活性炭生物流化床反应器处理某农药厂生产废水,通过试验研究了该反应器在室温条件下处理农药生产废水的性能.结果表明:当进水pH值控制在7.0～7.5、水力停留时间为6h、曝气量控制在使活性炭处于流化状态时,CODcr的去除率为50％,总氮的去除率为32.33％,同时可生化性明显提高,生物毒性有所降低.     

石油化工行业可接受风险水平研究

石油化工行业存在着巨大的潜在风险,为了明确该行业的风险可接受水平,制定一个合理可行的可接受风险准则极为必要.本文在对国内外风险可接受水平研究的基础上,系统分析了国内外有关标准,对生命风险水平、经济风险水平和环境风险水平确定的基本思想进行了详尽阐述,分别给出了3种风险的可接受水平公式,提出了确定石化行业可接受风险水平的方法,需同时满足可接受生命风险、经济风险和环境风险.     

Kinetics of selective catalytic reduction of NO by NH3 on Fe-Mo/ZSM-5 catalyst

The catalyst of Fe-Mo/ZSM-5 has been found to be more active than Fe-ZSM-5 and Mo/ZSM-5 separately for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of nitric oxide (NO) with NH3. The kinetics of the SCR reaction in the presence of O2 was studied in this work. The results show that the observed reaction orders were 0.74-0.99, 0.01-0.13, and 0 for NO, O2 and NH3, respectively, at 350-450℃. And the apparent activation energy of the SCR was 65 kJ/mol on the Fe-Mo/ZSM-5 catalyst. The SCR mechanism was also deduced. Adsorbed NO species can react directly with adsorbed ammonia species on the active sites to form N2 and H2O. Gaseous O2 might serve as a reoxidizing agent for the active sites that have undergone reduction in the SCR process. It is also important to note that a certain amount of NO was decomposed directly over the Fe-Mo/ZSM-5 catalyst in the absence of NH3.     

浅析电子废弃物回收利用及危害解决办法

随着高科技的发展和人们需求的增长,电子产品不断推陈出新,电子废弃物成为世界上数量增长最快的垃圾."电子垃圾",主要包括各种使用后废弃的电脑、通信设备、电视机、电冰箱、洗衣机等电子电器产品.电子废弃物不规范回收处理易造成污染.电子废弃物中含有很多可回收再利用的有色金属、黑色金属、玻璃等物质.严格意义上讲,这些电子废弃物,不应称其为电子垃圾,而应称作电子旧货.伴随着电子工业的高速发展,电子废弃物污染不可避免地摆在了我们面前.电子废弃物具有危害性和可利用性.     

磷在水和沉积物中的形态

文章介绍了生物可利用态的磷(总磷、有机磷、无机磷)在土耳其奥龙特斯河河水和表层沉积物中的分配结果.通过连续提取方法可获得无机态的磷,每次获得的无机磷有4种形态:松散吸附态的磷、铝绑定态磷、铁绑定态磷     

印钞废水处理工艺的改进实验

印钞废水属高浓度难降解有机废水,对环境污染严重。鉴于现有处理工艺出水普遍不达标的情况,通过对比实验确定了改进方案:超滤浓缩液离心出水在进入接触氧化池前,增加新的处理单元(Fenton氧化-混凝)。Fenton氧化最佳条件:FeSO4.7H2O投加量14 g/L,H2O2的投加量34 mL/L,初始pH值6.0,氧化反应时间1.5h,温度18.8℃;混凝过程最佳条件:PAC投加量4 g/L,PAM(5‰)投加量10 mg/L,pH值7。新增单元对废水中COD去除率接近80%,可生化性提高1.6倍,色度降低36%。     

Factors affecting the direct mineralization of CO2 with olivine

Olivine, one of the most abundant minerals existing in nature, is explored as a CO2 carbonation agent for direct carbonation of CO2 in flue gas. Olivine based CO2 capture is thermodynamically favorable and can form a stable carbonate for long-term storage. Experimental results have shown that water vapor plays an important role in improving CO2 carbonation rate and capacities. Other operation conditions including reaction temperature, initial CO2 concentration, residence time corresponding to the flow rate of CO2 gas stream, and water vapor concentration also considerably affect the performance of the technology.     

Effect of anaerobic digestion on the high rate of nitritation, treating piggery wastewater

Laboratory reactors were operated by using piggery wastewater and the effluent of anaerobic digester from piggery wastewater plants to study the effect of anaerobic digestion on nitritation rate.     

Visible light responsive N-F-codoped TiO2 photocatalysts for the degradation of 4-chlorophenol

Visible light responsive N-F-codoped TiO₂ photocatalysts exhibit a higher catalytic activity than N-doped TiO₂ for the degradation of 4-chlorophenol due to the synergistic effect of nonmetal elements.