应用微波消解快速测定水样中总磷

应用微波密封消解系统对水样中的总磷进行消解,探讨了消解功率、消解时间等不同实验条件对样品微波消解的影响,与传统的总磷测定的常规消解方法相比较,本方法具有简便、快速、准确、可靠等特点,实验取得令人满意的结果。     

预冷冻浓缩系统与气相色谱-质谱联用测定空气中挥发性有机物

采用预冷冻浓缩系统和气相色谱-质谱联用,建立了测定空气中39种挥发性有机物的分析方法,该法用苏玛罐或Tedlar气袋采集空气样品经-160℃液氮预冷冻浓缩后,用GC-MS检测.该方法采样简便,灵敏度、准确度高,已应用于室内空气和环境空气的测定,取得满意的结果.     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定汾河沉积物中的总汞

采用两种不同的消解方法对汾河沉积物中的总汞进行分析,结果表明,王水水浴加热消解法对总汞的消解程度完全而且测定结果比较稳定.探讨了还原剂浓度、栽流浓度以及仪器条件等主要因素对测定的影响,选择了最佳实验条件,检出限为0.0074ng/ml,加标回收率在84%～117%之间.标准参考样品测定结果表明,该方法准确可靠,精度好.     

氨氮测量不确定度的评定

采用纳氏试剂光度法测定水质氨氮的测量不确定度评定,应该考虑工作曲线、测量重复性、标准溶液、仪器读数分辨率等对测量的影响.     

环境空气及工业废气中溴的测定方法探讨

本文选择的甲基橙分光光度法是参照氯气和游离溴的测定方法,用分光光度法测定环境空气及工业废气中的溴,并对样品的采集、吸收液的选择和方法的测定方面进行了深入研究．结果表明,所得的标准曲线线性关系较好,准确度和精密度均高,具有较好的灵敏度和重现性,当采样体积为30L时,最低检出浓度为0．015mg／m^3,符合实际监测的需要．     

Rapid determination of phenolic compounds in water samples by alternating-current oscillopolarographic titration

A rapid, simple and sensitive method was demonstrated for the determination of phenolic compounds in water samples by alternating-current oscillopolarographic titration. With the presence of sulfuric acid, phenol could be transferred into a nitroso-compound by reacting with NaNO2. The titration end-point was obtained by the formation of a sharp cut in the oscillopolarographic with infinitesimal NaNO2 on double platinum electrodes. The results showed that phenol concentration had an excellent linear relationship over the range of 4.82×10-6-9.65×10-3 mol/L, the RSD of the proposed method was lower than 1.5%, and the spiked recoveries of three real water samples were in the range of 95.6%-106.9%.     

Determination of alcohol compounds using corona discharge ion mobility spectrometry

Ion mobility spectrometry （IMS） is a very fast, highly sensitive, and inexpensive technique, it permits efficient monitoring of volatile organic compounds like alcohols. In this article, positive ion mobility spectra for six alcohol organic compounds have been systematically studied for the first time using a high-resolution IMS apparatus equipped with a discharge ionization source. Utilizing protonated water cluster ions （H2O）nH^＋ as the reactant ions and clean air as the drift gas, alcohol organic compounds, ethanol, 1- propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, 1-pentanol and 2-octanol, all exhibit product ion characteristic peaks in their respective ion mobility spectrometry, that is a result of proton transfer reactions between the alcohols and reaction ions （H2O）nH^＋. The mixture of these alcohols, including two isomers, has been detected, and the results showed that they could be distinguished effectively in the ion mobility spectrum. The reduced mobility values have been determined, which are in very well agreement with the traditional ^63Ni-IMS experimental values. The exponential dilution method was used to calibrate the alcohol concentrations, and a detection limit available for the alcohols is in order of magnitude of a few ng/L.     

LFX-20型逆燃式医疗废物焚烧炉二恶英实测分析

概述我国目前医疗废物焚烧处置中的主要炉型,着重介绍LFX-20型逆燃式焚烧炉焚烧处置医疗废物的实际运行工况。在1燃室、2燃室平均温度分别为869.5℃和898.7℃条件下,对医疗废物焚烧烟气进行检测。各项常规指标均低于国标限值,二恶英检测中其质量浓度实测值为15ng/m3,相应毒性当量为0.46ngTEQ/m3,同时对医疗废物焚烧后产生烟气中二恶英和灰渣的检测结果进行了分析,焚烧后底渣体积约为焚烧前医疗废物体积的1/10,重量为原来的12%～18%,飞灰热灼减率为34.6%,并给出分析结果。     

酸性高锰酸盐指数(Imn)的测定

１ 监测条件的选择和控制高锰酸钾标准溶液 按《水和废水监测分析方法》(三版)要求高锰酸钾浓度准确到０．０１ｍｏｌ·１－１,实际调配较难,只要在标定时,消耗的高锰酸钾体积在１０±０．５ｍｌ范围内即可．滴定、标定 高锰酸钾与草酸钠反应,合适温度为６０－８０℃,这就促使滴定、标定要迅速,时间要短．取出处理后的样品,先观其颜色,如仍为紫红色,那么滴定时消耗的高锰酸钾常在５ｍｌ以下,如为棕红色,则滴定时消耗的高锰酸钾常在７ｍｌ以上．知道所需高锰酸钾的体积,就能控制滴定速度     

饮用水中三氯甲烷亨利常数的测定

推导了改变气液相比静态顶空气相色谱法测定挥发性有机污染物亨利常数的理论关系式,根据顶空气相色谱峰面积倒数与气液相比之间的线性关系测定了不同温度下的氯仿亨利常数值,从热力学定律出发,提出了在22-100℃范围内,温度对亨利常数影响的数学关系式;1nK=A B/T ClnT,对实验值的拟合系数为0.999。预测100℃时氯仿的亨利常数值是1.359。与实验值比较,相对误差为2.89%,比经典的范特菏夫方程1nK=A B/T的预测精度提高了近10%。