基因工程菌漆酶对蒽醌染料的脱色研究

利用基因工程菌甲醇毕赤酵母(PMAD16/pMETαA-Lcc1)培养产生的重组漆酶,研究了重组漆酶对蒽醌染料Remazol Brilliant Blue R脱色的影响。结果表明:重组漆酶对蒽醌染料RBBR脱色的最佳pH值为4.5,温度为45℃,当溶液中漆酶活力为10.0U/mL时,在最适脱色条件下作用14h,粗漆酶和纯化漆酶对蒽醌染料RBBR(80mg/L)的脱色率分别为95.2%和87.5%,重组漆酶可有效地使蒽醌染料RBBR脱色。     

高分子固体废物基活性炭对有机染料的吸附解吸行为研究

分别以3种高分子固体废物,即轮胎橡胶、聚氯乙烯(PVC)和聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)为原料,利用KOH活化法制备高比表面积活性炭.通过吸附实验研究了活性炭对2种有机染料(亚甲基蓝和甲基橙)的吸附、解吸行为,同时探讨了溶液pH值、离子强度和表面活性剂对吸附的影响.结果表明,PVC和PET基活性炭比表面积分别为2 666和2 831 m2.g-1,中孔容积分别为1.06和1.30 cm3.g-1,15 min内对亚甲基蓝和甲基橙的去除率分别高达98.5%和97.0%、99.5%和95.0%,且Langmuir模型拟合的染料最大吸附量均超过2 mmol.g-1,显著高于商业活性炭F400.Langmuir模型比Freundlich模型能更好地描述2种染料的吸附行为,说明吸附以表面单层覆盖为主.溶液pH值、离子强度和表面活性剂对染料吸附均有较大影响.制备的高分子基活性炭对亚甲基蓝的吸附强于甲基橙,2种染料均不容易发生解吸.实验结果可为高分子固体废物的资源化利用、制备经济高效的碳质吸附材料提供科学依据.     

Photo-degradation of Acid-red 3B dye catalyzed by TiO2 nanotubes

Introduction A s one kind of novel functional m aterial, TiO 2 nanotube has been found potential applications in solar cell (B arbe et al., 1997), sem iconductor device (V inodgopal et al., 1993) and catalyst supports (Idakiev et al., 2005) etc. Since K a…     

催化湿式氧化催化剂及处理技术研究

通过共沉淀制备了４类主活性成分分别为Ｃｕ、Ｃｅ、Ｃｄ和Ｃｏ－Ｂｉ的粉末催化剂,用于催化湿式氧化（ＣＷＡＯ）处理染料中间体Ｈ－酸溶液,通过实验确定了催化湿式氧化的条件,不同催化剂的处理效果比较表明,Ｃｕ／Ｃｅ（３：１）催化剂较好,当反应湿度为２００℃,氧分压为３．０ＭＰａ,ＰＨ＝１２．０,反应时间为３０ｍｉｎ时,ＣＯＤ的支大于９０％     

染料对环境的影响及生物处理技术进展

从染料在环境中的归趋开始，综述了染料的生物处理技术，认为生物吸附，生物絮凝处理，以及筛同效“广谱”脱色菌，厌氧－好氧处理，固定化技术是发展的热点。     

化学氧化法处理资源回收后的J-酸和吐氏酸染料中间体废液

萘系磺酸染料中间体Ｊ－酸和吐氏酸废母液经有用资源的回收后,尚须进行最终出水的达标处理．通过吐氏酸和Ｊ－酸废母液萃余液的后处理试验,确定了盐回收－混凝沉淀－化学氧化的达标处理工艺方案,并确定了相应的工艺参数．其中化学氧化采用Ｆｅｎｔｏｎ试剂（以双氧水作氧化剂,绿矾为催化剂）,在经济合理的投量范围内经２—４ｈ反应,萃余液ＣＯＤＣｒ去除率达８０％以上,最终出水ＣＯＤｃｒ在２００ｍｇ／Ｌ以下,满足有关工业废水排放标准．     

微波增强有机膨润土合成-废水处理一体化吸附染料的效率与机理

提出了利用微波增强有机膨润土合成-废水处理一体化技术吸附处理染料的方法.探讨了微波增强一体化技术吸附处理中性红的适宜条件、饱和吸附量、吸附反应动力学和作用机理.结果表明,影响吸附处理效果因素的主次顺序为表面活性剂用量、土量和处理时间,微波增强一体化吸附处理中性红的适宜条件为土/水=1/1 000(质量比),CPC浓度120 mg/L(相当于原土的阳离子交换容量28%),微波处理时间60s.与传统的有机膨润土吸附处理方法相比,微波增强一体化技术处理较高浓度染料废水的效果较好,饱和吸附量提高,表面活性剂用量大幅减少,吸附处理染料的速度大幅增加.     

羟基铝蒙脱石去除染料弱酸性深蓝GR的研究

在[OH^-]/[A1³⁺]=2.4的反应条件下,利用A1³⁺与碱液反应制备出Keggin离子,并由此制备出羟基铝蒙脱石.XRD-衍射数据表明:羟基铝蒙脱石的层间距由原来的12.58A(d₀₀₁)增加到18.63A.研究了染料弱酸性深蓝GR在7种改性蒙脱石上的吸附.结果表明:酸性条件下,羟基铝蒙脱石处理有机污染物的去除率高,用0.0200g处理25ml弱酸性深蓝GR溶液,去除率可高达95%以上.由等温吸附线可知:弱酸性深蓝GR在不同改性蒙脱石上的吸附机理主要为表面吸附、离子交换和分配作用.     

染料工业三废治理的发展方向

文中提出了染料行业三废治理存在的问题,分析了问题存在的原因,并指出今后的发展方向。     

Catalyzed degradation of disperse dyes by calcium alginate-pectin entrapped bitter gourd （Momordica charantia） peroxidase

Calcium-alginate pectin entrapped bitter gourd peroxidase (BGP) has been employed for the treatment of disperse dyes: Disperse Brown 1 (DB 1) and Disperse Red 17 (DR 17). Peroxidase alone was unable to decolorize DR 17 and DB 1. However, the investigated dyes were decolorized maximally by BGP in the presence of 0.2 mmol/L redox mediator, violuric acid (VA). A slow decrease in percent decolorization was observed when VA concentration was higher than 0.2 mmol/L which could likely be due to the high reactivity of its aminoxyl radical (> N–O.) intermediate, that might undergo chemical reactions with aromatic amino acid side chains of the enzyme thereby inactivating it. Maximum decolorization of the dyes was observed at pH 3.0 and 40°C within 2 hr of incubation. Immobilized peroxidase decolorized 98% DR 17 and 71% DB 1 using 35 U of BGP in batch process in 90 min. Immobilized enzyme decolorized 85% DR 17 and 51% DB 1 whereas soluble enzyme decolorized DR 17 to 48% and DB 1 to 30% at 60°C. UV-visible spectral analysis was used to evaluate the degradation of these dyes and their toxicity was tested by Allium cepa test. The generally observed higher stability of the bioaffinity bound enzymes against various forms of inactivation may be related to the specific and strong binding of enzyme with bioaffinity support which prevents the unfolding/denaturation of enzyme. Thus entrapped peroxidase was found to be effective in the decolorization of the investigated dyes.