生活垃圾处理问题的探讨

该文对生活垃圾如何减量化、资源化、无害化处理进行探讨，并提出生活垃圾污染防治对策。     

城市生活垃圾资源化利用探讨

分析了生活垃圾资源化利用的潜力，阐述了分类收集、科学技术和再生产品市场在城市生活垃圾资源化利用中的作用。     

生活垃圾复垦排矸场其渗滤水和腐熟后土壤特性的试验研究

为了考察生活垃圾复垦排矸场的渗滤水特性,对垃圾与矸石在三种不同堆置方式下重点考察了渗滤水pH值、COD、F~-、Cr~(6 )和全Hg浓度;并对腐熟后土壤中的有机质含量、容重、含水量及饱和水等进行了测定。试验研究表明,垃圾与矸石均匀混合堆置方式具有较好的效果。     

我国城市生活垃圾的现状及处理对策

论述了我国城市生活垃圾的排放量，生活垃圾的组成以及生活垃圾的处理技术，并针对我国的具体情况提出了城市生活垃圾的处理对策。     

食品工业有机废弃物的综合利用与治理

<正> 为了满足人们生活水平提高的需要,近年来,食品工业发展迅速,已跃居我国第三大产业,因此,食品工业有机废弃物的排放量也越来越大。据统计,1986年食品工业污水排放量达10多亿吨,占整个工业污水排放量的三分之一。大量废弃物的排放造成了环境的严重污染及生态平衡的破坏。这些可再生资源的抛弃给经济建设造成了不可估量的     

法采用甲烷化处理城市垃圾

过去1 0年,法国在生活垃圾的处理方面主要采用的是填埋或是焚烧的办法。通过焚烧垃圾可产生热能或发电,然而这样做会排出温室气体污染空气,而填埋方式可能会污染附近士地。法国目前正尝试用甲烷化处理法对付有机垃圾,以使之对环境和经济来说都有益处。位于法国蒙伯利埃的瓦拉格国际工程公司开发了一种对生活垃圾进行甲烷化处理的工艺,只需3个星期,便可以将垃圾变成堆肥和沼气。该公司的商务经理贝尔特朗·伊莱尔强调说:“我们的甲烷化处理工艺特点在于能使有机物质与空气隔离,在厌氧环境中加速降解。”他说,首先,甲烷化处理需要有个内壁用水…     

牙鲆、孔石莼分泌物对混合重金属在牙鲆组织蓄积的影响

研究了海水中总有机碳(TOC)浓度、总有机碳种类对混合重金属(Cu Pb、Cu Cd、Cu Pb Cd)在牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)内脏、肌肉、鳃组织蓄积的影响.结果表明,孔石莼分泌物、牙鲆分泌物均能降低Cu、Pb、Cd的生物有效性;当海水TOC种类相同时,随TOC浓度的升高,牙鲆的内脏、肌肉、鳃组织中Cu、Pb、Cd蓄积量均明显下降;当海水TOC浓度相近时,孔石莼分泌物比牙鲆分泌物更能降低牙鲆各组织Cu、Pb、Cd蓄积量.TOC浓度、种类的变化对牙鲆各组织中Cu、Pb、Cd蓄积分配均无影响,各组织重金属蓄积量顺序均为:内脏＞鳃＞肌肉.     

Effect of leachate recycling and inoculation on the biochemical characteristics of municipal refuse in landfill bioreactors

Activity development of key groups of enzymes involved in municipal refuse decomposition was measured in laboratory landfill bioreactors with and without leachate recycling and inoculation for about 210 days.The results showed that the enzymes(amylase,protease,cellulase,lipase and pectinase)were present in fresh refuse but at low values and positively affected by leachate recycling and refuse inoculation.The total average of cellulase activity in digesters D3 operated with leachate recycling but no inoculation,D4 and D5 operated with leachate recyling and inoculation was much higher than that in digesters D1 and D2 without leachate recycling and inoculation by 88%-127%,117%-162%and 64%-98%.The total average of protease activity was higher in digester D4 than that in digesters D1,D2,D3and D5 by 63%,39%,24%and 24%,respectively,and the positive effect of leachate recycling and inoculation on protease activity of landfilled refuse mainly was at the first two months.The total average of amylase activity was higher in digesters D3,D4 and D5 than that in digesters D1 and D2 by 83%-132%,96%-148%and 81%-129%.During the early phase of incubation,the stimulatory effect of inoculation on lipase activity was measured,but refuse moisture was the main factor affecting lipase activity of landfilled refuse.The inoculation,initial and continuous inoculation of microorganisms existing in leachate,was the mainly stimulatory factor affecting pectinase activity of landfilled refuse.