Removal of citrate and hypophosphite binary components using Fenton, photo-Fenton and electro-Fenton processes

Both citrate and hypophosphite in aqueous solution were degraded by advanced oxidation processes (Fe2+/H2O2, UV/Fe2+/H2O2, and electrolysis/ Fe2+/H2O2) in this study. Comparison of these techniques in oxidation efficiency was undertaken. It was found that Fenton process could not degrade completely citrate in the presence of hypophosphite since it caused a series inhibition. Therefore, UV light (photo-Fenton) or electron current (electro-Fenton) was applied to improve the degradation efficiency of the Fenton process. Results showed that both photo-Fenton and electro-Fenton processes could overcome the inhibition of hypophosphite, especially the electro-Fenton.     

加州北部两社区室内户外空气中半挥发性内分泌干扰素的比较

消费者产品中大量使用的内分泌干扰素的潜在健康影响暴露评估和源识别被高度重视.研究者搜集了加州Richmond工业区40户非吸烟家庭和加州Bolinas 10户乡村家庭室内和室外空气平行样本.利用GC-MS分析104种因子,包括邻苯二甲酸盐、烷基[苯]酚、对羟苯甲酸酯、多溴联苯醚(PBDE)阻燃剂、多氯联苯(PCBs)、多环芳烃     

苗期小麦和水稻对硒酸盐/亚硒酸盐的吸收及转运机制

采用营养液培养方法研究了苗期小麦和水稻对硒酸盐(Na2SeO4)和亚硒酸盐(Na2SeO3)的吸收及转运机制.营养液中供给Na2SeO4时,正常培养的水稻地上部和根中硒的含量分别30.3 mg·kg-1和39.0 mg·kg-1,水稻吸收的硒有80%从根转移到了地上部;小麦地上部和根中硒的含量分别为1.76 mg·kg...     

加拿大发布6项偶氮金属筛查评估

正2014年5月20日来源:Chemical Watch网站加拿大规制部门开始就它们认定6种偶氮金属配合物和物质不构成《加拿大环境保护法》(CEPA)定义的环境或健康威胁的决定征求公众评议。针对偶氮基团的快速筛查评估是加拿大对其《国内物质清单》上的优先性物质进行评估的工作的一部分。在确定这些配合物和物质不满足将要求进行进一步研究或更严格规制的任何标准前,环境和卫生主管部门已经发现,所有6种偶氮物质的国内生产量均不足以触发进一步评估。只有一种基于C10-14烷基胺的     

紫外光照射下铁锰物种对酸性橙Ⅱ的脱色研究

以高铁酸钠原液对酸性橙Ⅱ进行氧化脱色,并对比了高锰酸钾在紫外光照射下的脱色能力.结果表明,254 nm紫外光照射提高了高铁酸钠原液与高锰酸钾的脱色效能,而且紫外光和高铁酸钠原液联合使用时,对染料的脱色速率是单独紫外光和单独高铁酸钠原液脱色速率的1.11倍,产生了一定的协同作用.通过对比紫外光照射下硝酸铁和硫酸锰的脱色能力,证明低价态的水合Fe(Ⅲ)物种具有较强的光反应性,异丙醇淬灭试验证明产生了大量羟基自由基.另外,在所考察的pH范围内,无论紫外光照射与否,相对于硫酸锰和高锰酸钾,硝酸铁和高铁酸钠原液都保持了较高而稳定的脱色能力.     

Removal of a type of endocrine disruptors-di-n-butyl phthalate from water by ozonation

Ozonation of synthetic water containing a type of endocrine disruptor-di-n-butyl phthalate （DBP） was examined. Key impact factors such as pH, temperature, ionic strength, ozone dosage and initial DBP concentration were investigated. In addition, the activities of radicals on uncatalysed and catalysed ozonation were studied. The degradation intermediate products were followed and the kinetic of the ozonation were assessed as well. Results revealed that ozonation of DBP followed two mechanisms. Firstly, the reaction rate of direct ozonation was slower at lower pH, temperature, and ionic strength. Secondly, when these factors were increased for indirect radical reaction, higher percentage of DBP was removed with the increase of the initial ozone dosage and the decrease of the initial DBP concentration. In addition, tea-butanol, humic substances and Fe（Ⅱ） affected DBP ozonation through the radical pathway. It was determined that ozonation was restrained by adding tea-butanol for its radical inhibition effect. Furthermore, humic substances enhanced the reaction to some extent, but a slight negative effect would be encountered if the optimum dosage was exceeded. As a matter of fact, Mn（Ⅱ） affected the ozonation by ＂active sites＂ mechanism. In the experiment, three different kinds of intermediate products were produced during ozonation, but the amount of products for each one of them decreased as pH, temperature, ionic strength and initial ozone dosage increased. A kinetic equation of the reaction between ozone and DBP was obtained.     

改性腐植酸盐-丙烯酰胺-丙烯酸复合吸水树脂制备及性能研究

以改性腐植酸盐、丙烯酰胺、丙烯酸为原料,采用水溶液聚合法制备了复合高吸水性树脂PAAH,考察了交联剂用量、引发剂用量、单体配比和反应温度对产品性能的影响,得到了最佳反应条件:交联剂和引发剂分别占单体总质量分数的0.6%和0.9%;丙烯酸与丙烯酰胺摩尔比为9;反应温度60℃。在此条件下制备的高吸水性树脂具有良好的耐温耐盐性,对纯水吸收倍率为1 298.22 g/g,盐水吸收倍率为261.53 g/g。     

木屑黄原酸盐对双离子体系中铜镍的吸附

利用木屑制备木屑黄原酸盐吸附剂,对其进行FTIR、XRD和BET分析,并考察了对双离子体系中铜镍离子的吸附情况,重点研究了木屑黄原酸盐吸附量的预测和吸附初始速率的计算。结果表明,在铜镍双离子体系中,利用扩展的Langmuir模型能很好地预测木屑黄原酸盐对铜镍离子的吸附;吸附之初,吸附速率很快,并且随着干扰离子的浓度增大,所考察离子的初始速率逐渐减小。吸附情况说明,木屑黄原酸盐是一种具有良好吸附性能的吸附材料。     

聚苯乙烯磺酰肼基二硫代甲酸盐树脂的制备及其除卤效果初探

由卤代次甲基化合物标样分别民对甲苯代磺酸钾、对甲苯亚磺酸钠及对甲苯磺酰在二硫代甲酸进行反应,发现化合物３与标样反应最快,因此,通过三步反频将该基因接枝到聚苯乙烯白球上,     

高铁酸盐和UV法两种治理印染废水的新技术

纺织工业废水是对水环境污染构成严重威胁的工业污染源之一,其中又以印染废水最为严重。印染废水排放量约为工业废水排放总量的1／10。因此,重点介绍了高铁酸盐和UV法两种污水治理的新工艺,及其在印染废水处理中的应用。