Enhanced biological nutrient removal by the alliance of a heterotrophic nitrifying strain with a nitrogen removing ecosystem

Nitrogen removal from synthetic wastewater was investigated in an airlift bioreactor （ALB）, augmented with a novel heterotrophic nitrifier Pseudonocardia ammonioxydans H9^T under organic carbon to nitrogen ratios （Corg/N） ranging from 0 to 12. Effect of the inoculated strain was also determined on the settling properties and the removal of chemical oxygen demand （COD）. Two laboratory scale reactors were set up to achieve a stable nitrifying state under the same physicochemical conditions of hydraulic retention time （HRT）, temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen （DO）, and operated under the sequencing batch mode. The level of DO was kept at 0.5- 1.5 mg/L by periodic stirring and aeration. Each specific Corg/N ratio was continued for duration of 3 weeks. One of the reactors （BR2） was inoculated with P ammonioxydans H9^T periodically at the start of each Corg/N ratio. Sludge volumetric index （SVI） improved with the increasing Corg/N ratio, but no significant difference was detected between the two reactors. BR2 showed higher levels of nitrogen removal with the increasing heterotrophic conditions, and the ammonia removal reached to the level of 82%-88%, up to10% higher than that in the control reactor （BR1） at Corg/N ratios higher than 6; however, the ammonia removal level in experimental reactor was up to 8% lower than that in control reactor at Corg/N ratios lower than 2. The COD removal efficiency progressively increased with the increasing Corg/N ratios in both of the reactors. The COD removal percentage up to peak values of 88%-94% in BR2, up to 11% higher than that in BR1 at Corg/N ratio higher than 4. The peak values of ammonia and COD removal almost coincided with the highest number （18%-27% to total bacterial number） of the exogenous bacterium in the BR2, detected as colony forming units （CFU）. Furthermore, the removal of ammonia and COD in BR2 was closely related to the number of the inoculated strain with a coefficient index （R2） up to 0.82 and 0.85 for ammonia and     

SBR工艺处理高盐度生活污水试验

针对海水冲厕产生的高含盐生活污水,试验采用SBR工艺分别研究了不同海水盐度的污水中有机物的降解及氨氮的去除情况。结果表明,在高盐度污水的生物处理系统中,污泥的驯化是关键的一步。有机物和氨氮的去除率总体上随着盐度的增大而降低,但在海水冲厕范围内(海水比例在30%内,盐度为10500mg/L,Cl-为5700mg/L),海水盐度对有机物及氨氮的去除影响不大。     

纳氏试剂光度法测定氨氮时样品溶液pH值对分析结果的影响

纳氏试剂分光光度法测定氨氮时,样品溶液的pH值对其吸光度影响很大,进而影响着分析结果,在一定条件下,显色后样品溶液的吸光度随其pH值的增大而增大,当pH值>12.59时,吸光度趋于稳定,因此在测定氨氮过程中,显色前须合理调节样品溶液的pH值,以保证显色后样品溶液的pH值>12.59,才能得到准确可靠的分析结果。     

分段进水生物接触氧化工艺处理河道污水的试验研究

选择滇池入湖污染负荷最高的大清河为对象,以分段进水生物接触氧化(SFBC)工艺对河道污水开展了分流处理的试验研究,已完成冬季枯水期、春季枯水期及夏季丰水期3个时期的研究.结果表明.SFBC工艺对水质变化具有很好的适应性,调整各时期的运行参数,可以使COD及TP的去除率分别稳定在50%和40%左右,但TN的去除受水温及溶解氧等的影响很大,在逐渐稳定后去除率可达到20%左右.接种活性污泥可以加快装置的启动.但总体去除效果不及来水自然驯化的污泥.随着运行时间延长以及来水带入河道底泥的影响.有无接种污泥在处理效率上的差别逐渐消失.     

高浓度氨氮废水处理技术及发展

介绍了高浓度氨氮废水的来源和危害,综述了高浓度氨氮废水的处理技术与研究动态,总结了各处理技术的优缺点并分析了技术发展方向.     

煤矿矿井水中SO2-4的去除方法研究

制备了高效SO2-4吸附剂,用其对某煤矿矿井水进行了试验,对影响吸附剂吸附效率的各因素进行了研究,结果表明:吸附剂用量1.0 g/L时,去除率达到最高,为93.5%.溶液在酸性范围内吸附剂对SO2-4去除率明显大于碱性范围.随着SO2-4浓度的增加,吸附剂的去除率逐渐降低.试验水温选择为25℃,最佳吸附时间为40 min,最佳pH为7.0.     

利用化学沉淀法降低焦化废水氨氮浓度的预处理工艺研究

为了有效净化高浓度氨氮工业废水,采用向废水中投加MgCl2·6H2O和Na3PO4·12H2O生成磷酸氨镁沉淀的方法,以去除其中的高浓度氨氮。结果表明,在pH值为9.0,Mg^2＋、NH4^＋、PO4^3-的摩尔比为1.2：1：0.9,反应温度为25℃,反应时间为20 min,沉淀时间为50 min的条件下,氨氮质量浓度可由3 100 mg/l降低到56mg/l,去除率达到98%以上,为后续生化处理创造了条件。     

纳氏试剂光度法测定水和废水中氨氮方法的改进

对纳氏试剂光度法进行了改进,水样取样量改为10ml,在不改变反映体系pH值的前提下,纳氏试剂的用量改为0.10ml.改进法的校准曲线相关数γ＞0.999,最低检出限0.03mg/L,显色体系在90min内稳乏,RSD＜5%,加标回收率为91.6%～104%.通过地下水、地表水、生活污水和工业废水的比对实验表明,改进法与标准法的测定结果无显著性差异.     

漂白粉用于治理石化企业硫化氢恶臭气体的研究

实验采用填料吸收塔对漂白粉用于石化企业硫化氢恶臭的治理进行了初步研究,系统研究了漂白粉投加量、硫化氢浓度、进气流量、吸收氧化温度、液气比等因素对处理效果的影响。结果表明：室温下,漂白粉投加量为0．2g／100mL,液气比20L／m^3,进气浓度控制在7800mg／m^3以内,调整适宜的进气量,对硫化氢恶臭的去除率可以达到99％以上。漂白粉吸收氧化硫化氢恶臭气体不仅技术可行,而且费用低廉,操作方便,可以进行深入的研究,进行工业化放大。     

垃圾渗滤液除氨脱氮新工艺初探

通过对渗滤液经矿化垃圾回灌后水质特征的分析及现有除氨脱氮工艺用于渗滤液处理的可行性分析,提出了"多级低氧硝化反硝化+氨缺氧氧化"生物脱氮工艺流程,并阐述了其工艺的处理效果。得出结论:以渗滤液回灌处理出水作为研究对象,在不外加碳源条件下,该工艺可获得92%~99%的氨氮去除率,保证出水氨氮不高于25 mg/L,同时可获得73%~89%的总氮去除率。