湿式氧化法预处理甲基氯化物废水

研究了反应时间，进水pH，反应温度以及氧分压对湿式氧化法预处理甲基氯化物生产废水的影响。在不调节废水的pH，反应温度180℃，氧分压1.5MPa，反应时间60min的最佳操作条件下，COD，有机磷，有机硫的去除率分别达到68.5%,65%,88%,出水的BOD5/COD由0.107提高至0.36。预处理后废水的厌氧可生化性得到很大的改善，COD的去除率提高20%-30%左右，产甲烷量增加1.6-2.1倍。     

水中氯离子测定时干扰物的消除

用硝酸银滴定法测定水中氯离子时，存在S~2-、SO_3~2-、S_2_O_3~2-的干扰，原用H_2O_2消除干扰，但滴定到达终点后，颜色不太稳定，为此，我们采用过硫酸钾氧化法进行消除干扰的试验。实践证明,该方法对消除上述干扰物是可行的，对测定石油勘探开发废水中氯离子时消除干扰是适用的。     

Mechanochemical decomposition of pentachlorophenol by ball milling

The mechanochemical dechlorination of pentachlorophenol (PCP) was studied using CaO and SiO2 powder as additives. The e ects of the milling time and additives on the dechlorination rate were investigated. The resulting product was characterized by X-ray di raction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and ion chromatography (IC). It is found that grinding operation could dechlorinate PCP, with the formation of inorganic chloride and amorphous carbon. The addition of quartz to the grinding mixture facilitated dechlorination. On the basis of the experimental results, the decomposition mechanism was proposed. Decomposition predominantly proceeds through rupture of C–Cl bond in PCP molecule, followed by the formation of inorganic chlorides.     

Characterization of dissolved organic matter fractions and its relationship with the disinfection by-product formation

Dissolved organic matter(DOM) has been identified as precursor for disinfection by-products(DBPs) formation during chlorination. Recently,it has been demonstrated that the characteristics of DOM influence the DBPs formation mechanism. A study was,therefore,initiated to investigate the effects of DOM fractions on DBPs formation mechanism. In the chlorination process,organic acids are dominant precursors of total thihalomethanes(TTHM) because of the νC-O and unsaturated structures. Furthermore,the TTHM format...     

关于四川泡菜行业废水排放的几点思考

随着泡菜产业的蓬勃发展及污染治理力度的加大,泡菜行业的废水排放问题已引起了环境管理部门的重视。从四川泡菜行业的产业现状及发展趋势着手,分析了泡菜生产的主要废水产生环节及废水水质特点,着重讨论了目前的泡菜废水处理工艺存在的主要问题,并对此提出了建议。     

吹脱-Fenton氧化-沉淀工艺处理乙基氯化物废水

乙基氯化物是重要的农药中间体,广泛用于生产高效低毒有机磷农药,在生产过程中产生大量高COD、高磷、高硫等污染物的有毒废水。文章针对该废水的水质,提出了一种新的预处理工艺:吹脱-Fenton氧化-沉淀反应。试验结果表明:当吹脱时间为20 min,pH为3.10,Fenton反应双氧水与亚铁离子摩尔比为4:1,双氧水投加量为5 mL/L以及沉淀反应石灰投加量为14.5 g/L时,废水中的COD从228 g/L降低到56.60 g/L,硫离子浓度从88.94 g/L降低到12.26 g/L,总磷含量从10.37 g/L降低到0.98 g/L。     

A novel method to synthesize polyaluminum chloride with a membrane reactor

Al13 or Alb is usually regarded as the most efficient species of polyaluminum chloride(PAC), the performance flocculant for water treatment. This paper was intended to report a new method to synthesize PAC with high content Alb, by using the membrane reactor. NaOH solutions were managed to permeate slowly through the micropores of ultrafiltration membrane into AlCl3 solutions under the suitable transmembrane pressure(TMP). Meanwhile NaOH drops size was limited to nano-scale, resulting in dramatical reduction of the characteristic diffusion time and great increment of contact interface between the strong base and AI ions in solution to favor the formation of Al(OH)4^-, the precursor of AI,3, so few precipitates and much Alb are produced. When the initial concentration of AlCl3/NaOH is 0.40/2.0 (mol/L), MWCO = 10000, TMP = 0.0085 MPa, T= 305 K and B(molar ratio of OH^-/Al^3 ) = 2.25, the quantity of Alb attains about 80%. The results of ^27Al-NMR determination showed that the Al13 content is equal to Alb content. And our PAC product has shown better flocculation effects than the commercial product.     

甲烷氯化物废水治理工艺的技术应用

在氯碱工业加工过程中会产生大量的甲烷氯化物废水,废水中含有大量的甲烷氯化物,该类废水不易处理,极大地影响了后续废水处理工作的开展。本文以某司甲烷氯化物具体试验为例,探讨高分子吸附剂在甲烷氯化物废水处理过程中的应用,在利用高分子吸附剂进行吸附的同时通过蒸汽吹脱使树脂中富集下来的甲烷氯化物得到分离回收,从而实现了废水的资源化,达到治废与资源利用的双重效果。     

汞量滴定法和分光光度法对比研究

同时采用汞量滴定法和分光光度法分析海洋大气中所采集的氯化物总量。并计算出氯化物的沉积速率。根据计算结果利用t检验判断这2种分析法是否一致。研究表明：在显著水平α小于0．5时,2种分析方法无明显差异。