含镍氰复杂废水处理的实验室研究

本文研究处理用硫酸酸化脱氰、再用氢氧化钠除镍含镍氰复杂废水的效果。以工厂废水及实验室所配溶液试验均取得良好效果，可使原料水氰化物从１５０ｍｇ／Ｌ降到８ｍｇ／Ｌ，从镍５０ｍｇ／Ｌ降到４ｍｇ／Ｌ以下。     

造气含氰废水的生物治理

在塔式生物滤池生产性处理规模上考察了造气含氰废水在挂膜前后的处理效果。比较结果表明，未挂过氰化物的平均处理率仅为７９．２９％，挂膜后的处理率平均为９５．２６％，处理后的废水全部回用于生产，减少了氰化物的排放量，防止了造气废水对环境的污染。     

氧化法处理对氯氰苄废水

针对对氯氰苄生产废水中氰化物浓度较高,提出了次氯酸钠氧化法治理工艺.实践表明,经该工艺处理,废水中COD、氰化物等污染物指标能达到GB8978-1996<污水综合排放标准>一级排放标准要求,除氰效果明显,具有显著的环境和经济效益.     

利用高温废气治理焦化酚氰污水项目实践

阐述了利用焦炉、窑炉、电厂等高温废气处理焦化污水的理论及工业实践,该工艺具有投资省、运行费用低的突出优点.     

Mutagenic and cytotoxic potential of Endosulfan and Lambda-cyhalothrin - In vitro study describing individual and combined effects of pesticides

Excessive use of pesticides poses increased risks to non target species including humans. In the developing countries, lack of proper awareness about the toxic potential of pesticides makes the farmer more vulnerable to pesticide linked toxicities, which could lead to diverse pathological conditions. The toxic potential of a pesticide could be determined by their ability to induce genetic mutations and cytotoxicity. Hence, determination of genetic mutation and cytotoxicity of each pesticide is unavoidable to legislate health and safety appraisal about pesticides. The objective of current investigation was to determine the genotoxic and cytotoxic potential of Endosulfan（EN） and Lambda-cyhalothrin（LC）; individually and in combination. 3-（4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl）-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide（MTT） assay was utilized to determine cytotoxicity, while two mutant histidine dependent Salmonella strains（TA98, TA100） were used to determine the mutagenicity of EN and LC.Moreover, mutagenicity assay was conducted with and without S9 to evaluate the effects of metabolic activation on mutagenicity. Even though a dose dependent increase in the number of revertant colonies was detected with EN against both bacterial strains, a highly significant（p 〈 0.05） increase in the mutagenicity was detected in TA98 with S9. In comparison, data obtained from LC revealed less mutagenic potential than EN. Surprisingly,the non-mutagenic individual-concentrations of EN and LC showed dose dependent mutagenicity when combined. Combination of EN and LC synergistically induced mutagenicity both in TA98 and TA100. MTT assay spotlighted comparable dose dependent cytotoxicity effects of both pesticides. Interestingly, the combination of EN and LC produced increased reversion and cytotoxicity at lower doses as compared to each pesticide, concluding that pesticide exposure even at sub-lethal doses can produce cytotoxicity and genetic mutations, which could lead to carcinogenicity.     

溴氰虫酰胺及其代谢物在土壤和葱中残留行为

论文建立了溴氰虫酰胺及其代谢产物J9Z38在土壤和葱中残留量的高效液相色谱三重四级杆串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)测定方法,其最小检出量分别为0.1×10-9g和0.5×10-9g;溴氰虫酰胺和J9Z38在葱和土壤样品中最低检出浓度均为0.01 mg/kg。在0.01~0.1mg/kg添加水平下,溴氰虫酰胺在土壤和葱中添加回收率分别为87.8%~99.3%和79.6%~100.3%,相对标准偏差分别为1.6%~4.6%和5.1%~7.2%;J9Z38在土壤和葱中添加回收率分别为76.0%~100.8%和77.8%~98.9%,相对标准偏差分别为5.6%~10.0%和4.2%~8.3%,均符合农药残留量分析的要求。同时,为了解100 g/L溴氰虫酰胺油悬剂在葱上施用后,溴氰虫酰胺在土壤和葱中的残留消解动态及最终残留状况,在北京和山东两地开展了大田试验研究。结果表明,溴氰虫酰胺在土壤和葱中的残留消解半衰期分别为1.3~2.6 d和2.4~4.3 d,属于易降解农药。100 g/L溴氰虫酰胺油悬剂按推荐剂量和1.5倍推荐剂量在葱中各施药3次和4次,距最后一次施药1 d时,溴氰虫酰胺在葱中最高残留量为0.13 mg/kg,表明100 g/L溴氰虫酰胺油悬剂在葱中使用后,溴氰虫酰胺在葱中的残留量较低。     

分级循环—生化法处理煤造气含氰废水

将含有大量悬浮物的洗气箱废水进行初级沉降后，约３／４的废水返回洗气箱用作洗涤水，其余的与洗气塔废水混合进地沉降池去除悬浮物，上清液送至生物滤池进行生化处理去除含氰人合物其他有机物。生化出水经絮凝、澄清后回用于洗气箱和洗气塔实现了废水闭路循环。他