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211.
212.
多年施用生物炭对河南烤烟种植区土壤呼吸的影响 总被引:7,自引:3,他引:4
为探究生物炭施用对土壤呼吸的影响,采用5 a定位试验(2013~2017年)研究了不施生物炭(CK)、施用1. 5 t·hm-2生物炭(T1)、施用15 t·hm-2生物炭(T2)、施用45 t·hm-2生物炭(T3)这4种处理下土壤呼吸及土壤水热因子的动态变化规律.结果表明:(1)在土壤中连续5a施入中剂量生物炭(T2:15 t·hm-2)显著降低了烤烟生长季土壤呼吸速率,降幅为25. 89%;当施入量增至45 t·hm-2(T3)时土壤呼吸速率显著增加,增幅为21. 48%(P 0. 05).(2)长期中剂量生物炭的添加显著降低了土壤异养呼吸速率和自养呼吸速率,降幅分别为29. 80%和28. 75%;大剂量生物炭(T3:45 t·hm-2)的施入显著增加了土壤异养呼吸速率,增幅为28. 88%.低剂量生物炭(T1:1. 5 t·hm-2)和中剂量生物炭均显著增加土壤呼吸中自养呼吸的比例,大剂量生物炭的施入显著增加了异养呼吸的比例(P 0. 05).(3)低剂量生物炭显著降低了烤烟生长季土壤5 cm温度;大剂量生物炭显著降低了土壤5 cm湿度.土壤呼吸与土壤5 cm温度之间呈显著指数相关,与土壤5 cm湿度之间未表现出显著相关(P 0. 05).综上,连续5a低剂量生物炭的施用对土壤呼吸无影响,适量生物炭的施用具有固碳减排效应,大剂量生物炭施用则会适得其反,建议生物炭施用范围应控制在15 t·hm-2以内. 相似文献
213.
一种新型高效复合溴基杀菌剂的研制及应用 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
介绍了溴类杀生剂的优势及国内外发展状况,溴基杀生剂DBNPA的实验室合成,工业放大以及现场应用效果等情况。 相似文献
214.
Synthetic pyrethroids(SPs) are among the most common pesticides in current use,and so far,several SPs have been assessed for their potential estrogenicities by various methods.Previous studies have shown that the estrogenicities partly come from their metabolites.Although considerable information is available with respect to the metabolism and environmental degradation of SPs,little is known about the estrogenicities of the metabolites.In this study,permethrin(PM) and β-cypermethrin(CP),as well as their metabolites(3-phenoxybenzoic alcohol(PBCOH),3-phenoxybenzaldehyde(PBCHO) and 3-phenoxybenzoic acid(PBCOOH) were evaluated for their estrogenic activities in the MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cell line.In the MCF-7 cell proliferation assay,PM and CP exhibited significant estrogenic activities at 10-7 mol/L,comparable to 17β-estradiol(E2 ) of 10-9 mol/L,with the relative proliferative effect ratios of 55.4% and 56.3%,respectively.The real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR) results confirmed the estrogenicities of PM and CP with significant alteration of pS2 and ERα mRNA levels observed at 10-6 mol/L.For the three major metabolites,PBCOH and PBCOOH exhibited estrogenic activities in all assays,while no significant estrogenic responses was observed for PBCHO compared to the vehicle control.In particular,PBCOH had even slightly stronger estrogenic activity than its parent compounds,indicating that metabolism may be one of the reasons for the estrogenicities of the SPs.Given the widespread use of SPs,the toxicological effects of parent compounds and their metabolites should be taken into consideration in the risk assessment of SPs. 相似文献
215.
GE Cailin DING Yan WANG Zegang WAN Dingzhen WANG Yulong SHANG Qi LUO Shishi 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2009,21(6):806-813
The molecular response of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.,cv.Yangmai 10) seedlings to heavy metal (Cd,Hg) and 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene (TCB) stresses were examined by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis,image analysis,and peptide mass fingerprinting.The results showed inhibitions of root and shoot growth by Cd,Hg and TCB.These stresses led to water deficit and lipid phosphorylation in the seedling which also promoted protein phophorylation in the leaves.Hg stress inhibited protein synthesis while Cd and TCB stresses induced or up-regulated more proteins in the leaves.Most of these induced proteins played important roles in the biochemical reactions involved in tolerance of wheat to Cd and TCB stresses.The primary functions of Cd- and TCB-induced proteins included methionine metabolism,Rubisco modification,protein phosphorylation regulation,protein configuration protection,H+ transmembrane transportation and also the synthesis of ethylene defense substances and cell wall compounds. 相似文献
216.
采用基于风险检测的(RBI)方法对尿素合成装置进行风险评估.根据风险评估结果对装置中的四大高压设备进行了风险排序,并给出了合适的检测措施,制定了基于RBI分析的优化的检验策略.通过评估,降低了设备的风险,提高了设备的检修效率,增加了企业的经济效益. 相似文献
217.
218.
上海市化学工业区位于杭州湾畔,地跨奉贤、金山两区,以石油化工为龙头,以精细化工和合成材料为发展重点,配套发展天然气化工,大力拓展石化深加工、新材料、电子化学品等产业链。在这样一个专业性极强的化工园区里,有一位女消防员扎根园区,一干就是16年。她,就是王永惠。 相似文献
219.
Polyaluminum chloride was synthesized with a membrane reactor, and the process characteristics, membrane fouling and cleaning were investigated. 相似文献
220.
Material conversion from paper sludge ash (PSA) in NaOH solution was attempted to synthesize the adsorbent for removal of
inorganic pollutants, such as Pb2+, NH4
+ and PO4
3?? from aqueous solution. PSA of 0.5 g was added into 10 mL of 3 mol/L NaOH
solution, and then heated at 80, 120, and 160°C for 6–48 hr to obtain the product. PSA mainly composed of two crystalline phases,
gehlenite (Ca2Al2SiO7) and anorthite (CaAl2Si2O8), and amorphous phase. Hydroxysodalite (Na6Al6Si6O24 8H2O) was formed at
80°C, and anorthite dissolved, whereas gehlenite remained una ected. Katoite (Ca3Al2SiO4(OH)8) was formed over 120°C, and
hydroxycancrinite (Na8(OH)2Al6Si6O24 2H2O) was formed at 160°C, due to the dissolution of both gehlenite and anorthite. Specific
surface areas of the products were almost same and were higher than that of raw ash. Cation exchange capacities (CECs) of the products
were also higher than that of raw ash, and CEC obtained at lower temperature was higher. Removal abilities of products for Pb2+, NH4
+,
and PO4
3?? were higher than that of raw ash.With increasing reaction temperature, the removal e ciencies of Pb2+ and NH4
+ decreased
due to the decrease of CEC of the product, while removal e ciency for PO4
3?? was almost same. The concentrations of Si and Al in the
solution and the crystalline phases in the solid during the reaction explain the formation of the product phases at each temperature. 相似文献