Restoration of Koggala lagoon： Modelling approach in evaluating lagoon water budget and flow characteristics

Groyne system modification is described related to restoration e orts to Koggala lagoon, Sri Lanka.The large-scale unplanned sand removal at the lagoon mouth shifted the formation of sand bar towards the lagoon and made adverse e ects on its ecosystem. After the removal of the natural sand bar, groyne system was constructed to avoid sand deposition in the lagoon and to protect the highway bridge (across the lagoon outlet channel) from the wave attack. The existing groyne system resulted the lagoon mouth being permanently open to sea which in turn led to many environmental problems. Groyne system modification is proposed in this study to reduce the sea water intrusion.Water budget and two-dimensional depth averaged hydrodynamic model were developed for understanding the hydrologic and flow characteristics of the lagoon. Numerical experiments was performed at lagoon mouth area for two cases: (1) existing condition and (2) proposed rubble mound groyne system condition. Comparison of results was obtained for both cases to describe flow pattern at lagoon mouth. Results further showed, the width should be reduced to a maximum of 40 m. Proposed mouth width (40 m) pushed the salting factor towards 0.5 from 0.68. Salting factor reduction with the groyne modification may result a predominant influence of fresh water which may in turn lead lagoon to a fresh water ecosystem.     

电厂周围土壤中铜元素的含量与分布研究

煤中含有多种重金属元素,火力发电厂通过燃煤排放影响周围土壤中重金属元素的含量与分布,本文以Cu元素为例主要研究安庆市火力发电厂周围土壤中重金属元素的含量及其分布,分析火力发电厂对周围土壤中重金属污染的贡献程度。研究发现该区域重金属含量并未超过国家标准,但根据主导风向比较,Cu的含量以电厂为中心,随距离增加含量呈递减趋势,其他方向上无规律可循,说明电厂对周围主导风向上的土壤中铜含量有一定影响,但因投产不久影响不明显。     

水和废水中甲醛测定关键问题探析

结合环境监测工作实际,应用国标经典分析方法-乙酰丙酮分先先度法《水和废水监测分析方法（第四版）》对水和废水中甲醛的测定进行了系统研究。概述了方法原理,简介了方法所需仪器与试剂,深入探讨了运用该方法进行水和废水中甲醛测定的一些关键操作技术问题。指出在标准分析方法的基础上,选用最新生产的合格的分析纯以上试剂,准确进行浑浊带色水样的预处理,初步确定未知水样稀释倍数,利用蒸馏法消除显色异常水样组成复杂的干扰,能够确保水样甲醛测定的精密度和准确度。     

分光光度法快速测定水中苯酚

建立了简单、快速的测定水中苯酚的分光光度法。方法基于苯酚与硝普钠在有氨基的试剂盐酸羟胺存在下发生Berthelot颜色反应,生成靛酚染料,从而对苯酚进行光谱测定。考察了测定波长,pH值、Na2HP04-NaOH缓冲溶液用量,硝普钠的用量、盐酸羟胺的用量,反应时间对苯酚检测的影响。在优化的实验条件下,线性范围为0．05—0．5mg·L^-1（r=0．9996）。检出限为0．005mg·L^-1,对浓度为0．3mg·L^-1的苯酚样品溶液平行测定5次,RSD为1．32％。以上结果表明,此方法具有线性范围较宽,灵敏度和精密度较高,操作简便,易实现水质在线监测等特点。     

原子荧光光度法测定水中汞的不确定度评定分析

对原子荧光光度法测定水中汞的过程进行分析,通过建立数学模式计算测量标准不确定度和测定水样体积的标准不确定度,来确定样品合成不确定度,得出样品扩展不确定度结果。     

邻菲哕啉分光光度法测定水中总铁的改进

对邻菲哕啉分光光度法测定水中总铁的方法进行了改进：采用50ml比色管水浴还原水样--分光光度计比色测定水中总铁。测试结果表明,改进法精密度和准确度均优于标准方法,是测定水中总铁较为理想的方法     

连续流动注射分析法测定水中挥发酚

建立应用QC8500连续流动注射仪测定水中的挥发酚类物质分析方法,与传统的4-氨基安替比林分光光度法相比,该方法自动化程度高,稳定性良好,可大大提高工作效率,适用于大批量水样分析.     

土壤悬浮液中五氯酚钠（PCP-Na）的分析方法研究

探索了利用紫外分光光度法测定土壤悬浮液中五氯酚钠的方法。采用紫外可见分光光度计,选定在波长255．6nm处测定土壤悬浮液中五氯酚钠的含量,所得线性回归方程为Y=0．0287X＋0．0022,相关系数r=0．9999,检测限为0．016mg／L,加标回收率为93．357％～95．907％,实验结果表明此法简单、快速,准确性较高。     

流动注射分析仪测定水体中的挥发酚

采用QuikChem 8500 FIA流动注射法对水体中挥发酚进行测定,标准曲线的相关系数达到0.99999,检出限为1.066μg/L,对两种浓度的标准样品分析,测得值均在其保证值范围内,用FIA法与化学法做分析对比,相关系数为0.9995,适用于清洁水和废水样品测定;将FIA法与化学法的两种试剂种类和用量作比较,FIA法是一种高效、准确、可靠安全的方法。     

Electropolymerized poly（Toluidine Blue）-modified carbon felt for highly sensitive amperometric determination of NADH in flow injection analysis

Poly(pheniothiazine) films were prepared on a porous carbon felt (CF) electrode surface by an electrooxidative polymerization of three phenothiazine derivatives (i.e.,Tthionine (TN), Toluidine Blue (TB) and Methylene Blue (MB)) from 0.1 mol/L phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.0). Among the three phenothiazies, the poly(TB) film-modified CF exhibited an excellent electrocatalytic activity for the oxidation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide reduced form (NADH) at +0.2 V vs. Ag/AgCl. The poly(TB) film-modified CF was successfully used as working electrode unit of highly sensitive amperometric flow-through detector for NADH. The peak currents (peak heights) were almost unchanged, irrespective of a carrier flow rate ranging from 2.0 to 4.1 mL/min, resulting in the measurement of NADH (ca. 30 samples/hr) at 4.1 mL/min. The peak current responses of NADH showed linear relationship over the concentration range from 1 to 30 mol/L (sensitivity: 0.318 A/( mol/L); correlation coefficient: 0.997). The lower detection limit was found to be 0.3 mol/L (S/N = 3).