专利资讯

正专利名称:回收聚氨酯硬泡混凝土复合自保温砌块专利申请号:CN201320448711.6公开号:CN203412175U申请日:2013.07.26公开日:2014.01.29申请人:江苏绿源新材料有限公司本实用新型公开了一种回收聚氨酯硬泡混凝土复合自保温砌块,包括砌块体,砌块体上设置三排平行的矩形盲孔,中间一排盲孔中充填聚氨酯泡沫。本实用新型结构合理,利用废旧PU颗粒作为轻骨料而制成自保温砌块,具有密度低、     

壳聚糖/聚氨酯多孔材料对Cu~(2+)、Cd~(2+)的吸附研究

将壳聚糖、聚醚多元醇、甲苯二异氰酸酯混合发泡,制备了壳聚糖/聚氨酯(Cs/PU)多孔复合材料,利用原子吸收光谱研究了Cs/PU对水中Cu2+、Cd2+的吸附能力。结果表明:在28℃条件下,当吸附时间为30min,溶液pH=4～5时,Cu2+的最高去除率为96.67%,溶液pH=6～7时,Cd2+的去除率为95.67%。Cd2+、Cu2+的饱和吸附率容量分别为28.78mg/g和25.32mg/g。两种金属离子共存时,Cs/PU对Cu2+的选择性大于Cd2+。     

纳米SiO2和发泡剂对聚氨酯防火涂料阻燃性能的影响

近几年来我国火灾的严重性已使木材阻燃成为一项紧迫任务.为了提高马尾松胶合板的阻燃性能,以聚氨酯为对象,采用HRR3热释放率系统、HC-2氧指数测定仪等测定了涂覆膨胀型纳米聚氨酯防火涂料的马尾松胶合板的燃烧热释放率和氧指数,分析了纳米SiO2以及各种发泡剂对聚氨酯防火涂料阻燃性能的影响,并分析它们的阻燃机理.结果表明,在聚氨酯防火涂料中加入纳米SiO2,可使涂覆的胶合板燃烧失重和炭化体积明显降低,有效地提高阻燃性能,纳米SiO2用量以3%为宜.加入发泡剂可进一步提高涂料的阻燃效果和氧指数值.复合发泡剂比单一发泡剂效果好.在8种试验方案中,用尿素-双氰胺按1∶3的质量比组成的复合发泡剂阻燃效果最优,在HRR3热释放率系统测试中,涂覆的胶合板着火燃烧时间最长(69 s),达最高热释放率时间最短(130 s),热释放率峰值最低(53.45 kW/m2),氧指数值最高(55).     

Monitoring bioaccumulation and toxic e ects of hexachlorobenzene using the polyurethane foam unit method in the microbial communities of the Fuhe River,Wuhan

Hexachlorobenzene （HCB） is a chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbon that was widely used for seed dressing in prevention of fungal growth on crops, and also as a component of fireworks, ammunition, and synthetic rubbers. Because of its resistance to degradation and mobility, HCB is widely distributed throughout the environment and is accumulated through food chains in different ecosystems. In this study, a preliminary investigation was carried out on the bioaccumulation and the toxic effects of HCB in the microbial （protozoan in particular） communities in the Fuhe River, Wuhan, a water body receiving industrial wastewaters containing HCB and other pollutants, using the standardized polyurethane foam units （PFU） method. Field samples were taken from eight stations established along the Fuhe River in January and August 2006. The concentration ratios of HCB in microbial communities and in water were 9.66-18.64, and the microbial communities accumulated 13.29-56.88 μg/L of HCB in January and 0.82-10.25 μg/L HCB in August. Correlation analysis showed a negative correlation between the HCB contents in the microbial assemblage, and the number of species and the diversity index of the protozoan communities. This study demonstrated the applicability of the PFU method in monitoring the effects of HCB on the level of microbial communities.     

废弃聚氨酯硬泡中CFC-11的释放机理

将聚氨酯硬泡在密闭室中切割破碎,破碎后的颗粒置于密闭瓶中并对其加热及常温下长期放置,用GC/MS测量切割破碎和加热时CFC-11的释放量,以及长期放置时CFC-11释放量。结果表明:破碎处理PUR泡沫时,CFC-11的释放分为瞬间释放、短期释放和长期释放三个阶段。将硬泡破碎至<8 mm、<4 mm、<1 mm和<0.5 mm时,CFC-11瞬间释放量分别占CFC-11总量的40.72%、65.24%、70.79%和75.16%;当破碎粒径<0.5 mm时,包裹于硬泡泡孔中的CFC-11全部释放;PUR泡沫破碎后,短期释放和长期释放同时发生;根据理想数学扩散模型和实验所得扩散系数估算,1~10 mm颗粒中残留的CFC-11长期释放时间为2.4~120年。     

Predicting As, Cd and Pb uptake by rice and vegetables using field data from China

Plant uptake factor (PUF), single-variable regression of natural log-transformed concentrations in rice grain/vegetables versus natural log-transformed concentrations in soil and multiple-variable regression with soil concentrations and pH, was derived, validated and compared based on the paired crop and soil data collected from studies regarding As, Cd and Pb contaminated croplands in China. Results showed that the median value of PUF did not present deterministic prediction. But after natural logarithm transformation, the PUF followed Gaussian distribution which could be useful in risk assessment. The single-variable regression models were significant for As, Cd and Pb uptake both by rice and vegetables; however, the standard errors of all the regressions were comparatively large. Soil pH as a variable was generally significant but it only contributed positively to model fit for Cd uptake. After model comparison and selection, the upper 95% prediction limits of the multiple regression model for Cd uptake by rice was recommended to calculate screening value of Cd for paddy soil based on the limit for Cd concentration in rice grain.     

东南沿海气候条件对聚氨酯涂层老化行为影响研究

目的研究东南沿海高温、高湿、高盐雾、高辐射等恶劣气候环境对聚氨酯涂层老化行为的影响。方法通过在海南万宁开展聚氨酯涂层海洋大气环境暴露试验,从外观评级、光泽、色差、附着力、红外谱图等方面分析了涂层老化特征及老化原因。结果涂层在海洋大气环境下暴露4年,树脂大分子发生降解,主要官能团消失。结论海洋大气环境中紫外线的光降解和水的降解共同作用,导致了涂层失光-变色-粉化和附着力下降等宏观和微观缺陷的产生。     

碳源和硝酸盐对SBBR反硝化除磷影响的试验研究

研究碳源和硝酸盐对填加聚氨酯载体的SBBR反硝化除磷的影响。在SBR中填加聚氨酯载体,将生物膜法和活性污泥法相结合,形成序批式生物膜反应器(SBBR),在厌氧/缺氧交替运行条件下利用NO3-作为电子受体,研究NaAc浓度、NaAc与丙酸钠的比例、NO3-浓度及NO3-投加方式等因素对除磷效果的影响。PO43-质量浓度在9~11 mg/L之间,COD质量浓度为200 mg/L时,SBBR有较佳的除磷效果;当进水NaAc与丙酸钠配比为2时,进水COD自身降解速率较慢,且不影响除磷效果;分批次(这里分2次)投加硝酸盐有利于硝酸盐向亚硝酸盐的转化;NO3-质量浓度为65 mg/L左右时,能获得较好的除磷、除氮效果。填加聚氨酯载体的SBR装置除磷效果较理想;碳源和硝酸盐对SBBR反硝化除磷影响显著。     

可降解塑料及聚氨酯研究现状与发展趋势

在环境危机日益严重、环境保护的要求日益迫切的形势下,降解塑料已成为高分子材料领域的研究热点。聚氨酯材料在包装和医疗领域具有广泛的应用,其可降解化研究具有重要的科学和社会意义。总结和回顾了可降解聚氨酯材料领域的现状及发展历程,阐述了其性能特点及需要解决的技术问题与难点,展望了本领域未来的发展趋势。