Responses of chlorophyll fluorescence and nitrogen level of Leymus chinensis seedling to changes of soil moisture and temperature

Controlled experiment of Leymus chinensis seedlings grown in the environmental growth chambers at 3 soil moisture levels and 3 temperature levels was conducted in order to improve the understanding how leaf photosynthetic parameters will respond to climatic change. The results indicated that soil drought and high temperature decreased the photochemical efficiency of photosystem ( Fw/Fm ), the overall photochemical quantum yield of PSIl(yield), the coefficient of photochemical fluorescence quenching(qp), but increased the coefficient of non-photochemical fluorescence quenching( q, ). Severe soil drought would decrease Fv/Fm and yield by 3.12% and 37.04% under 26% condition, respectively, and 6.60% and 73.33% under 32% condition, respectively,suggesting that higher temperature may enhance the negative effects of soil drought. All the soil drought treatments resulted in the decline in leaf nitrogen content. There was no significant effect of temperature on leaf nitrogen level,but higher temperature significantly reduced the root nitrogen content and the ratio of root nitrogen to leaf nitrogen,indicating the different strategies of adaptation to soil drought and temperature. It was also implied that higher temperature would enhance the effect of soil drought on leaf photosynthetic capacity, decrease the adaptability of Leymus chinensis to drought.     

Using a zeolite medium biofilter to remove organic pollutant and ammonia simultaneously

IntroductionWatershortageproblemisquiteseriousinmanycitiesofChina .Thereuseofmunicipalwastewaterisoneofthekeymethodstoreleasethisproblem .Makeupwaterforrecirculatingcoolingsystemisthelargestwaterusageinmanyfactories .Thewaterqualitystandardsforreclaimedwa…     

Effect of nitrogen and phosphorus on the water quality in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area during and after its construction

A survey concerning the concentration of the nutrients in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area was carried out. This paper presents the parameters(NO3^- -N, NO2^- -N, KjeldahI-N, non-ionic ammonia, P-PO4 and TP)determined at 16 sampling sites from 1997 to 1999. The dominant soluble nitrogen form was NO3^- -N followed by KjeldahI-N, NO2^- -N and non-ionic ammonia. Mean values of NO3^- -N, NO2^- -N, Kjeldahl-N and non-ionic ammonia ranged from 0.50 to 2.37 mg/L, 0.022 to 0.084 mg/L, 0.33 to 0.99 mg/L and 0.007 to 0.092 mg/L respectively.Mean values of P-PO4 at most sampling sites were higher than 0.1 mg/L for subject to eutrophication. The major factors influencing the concentrations of N and P might be agricultural runoff, municipal and industrial effluents. In addition, 6 kinds of soil were sampled at the area where would inundated after the dam completed. Two approaches were adopted to simulate the N and P release from the inundated soils. The results showed that the soils would release nitrogen and phosphorus to the overlying water when the soils were inundated. The characteristics of soil affected the equilibrium concentrations of N and P between the soil and the overlying water.     

城市污水生物脱氮除磷常规工艺分析

阐述了污水生物脱氮除磷的机理，系统介绍了国内目前常用的污水生物脱氮除磷工艺，对其进行了系统全面的比较分析。并探讨了当今国内的一些脱氮除磷主要研究方向。     

闽江河口短叶茳芏湿地CH4和N2 O排放对氮输入的短期响应

利用静态箱-气相色谱法,研究了氮输入对闽江河口短叶茳芏湿地CH4和N2O排放通量的短期影响.结果表明,高氮输入在不同采样时间均促进了湿地CH4排放,低氮输入在不同时间则具有不同的变化特征.与对照处理相比,低氮和高氮2种处理分别使湿地CH4排放通量增加了-44.35%～1 057.35%和7.15%～667.37%.外源氮输入在24 h内对湿地N2O排放通量具有明显的正激发效应,最高可增加171.60倍和177.79倍,但在8 d后,氮输入对湿地N2O排放的激发效应减弱甚至消失.氮输入在短时间内对湿地土壤Ec、pH和Eh均未产生显著影响.湿地CH4排放通量在对照处理下仅与5 cm Eh存在显著负相关,在低氮处理下仅与10 cm地温呈显著负相关,在高氮处理下则与5 cm Ec、0、5 cm pH以及0、5、10 cm土壤Eh均呈显著相关性,而N2O排放通量在不同处理下与湿地气温、地温、盐度、pH和Eh等环境因子均不存在显著相关性.研究表明,探讨氮输入对湿地温室气体排放的影响应考虑其时间变异性.     

九龙江流域丰枯水期表层水体氮污染特征及其来源解析

为探明九龙江流域表层水体氮污染分布特征及其污染来源,于2020年7月(丰水期)和2021年1月(枯水期)开展九龙江全流域表层水体多点多断面原位观测,利用正定矩阵因子分析模型(positive matrix factorization, PMF)对不同水期全流域表层水体氮污染来源及贡献率进行解析,耦合相关性统计分析方法研究不同水期流域表层水体氮污染的关键驱动因子。结果表明,九龙江流域表层水体氮污染存在明显的水期分异特征,ρ(TN)为0.72～13.14 mg·L^-1,丰水期ρ(TN)为1.39～10.95 mg·L^-1,枯水期为0.72～13.14 mg·L^-1。硝态氮(NO₃^--N)、氨氮(NH₄⁺-N)、亚硝态氮(NO₂^--N)和溶解性有机氮(DON)浓度均表现为丰水期大于枯水期,但颗粒态氮(PN)浓度则表现为枯水期大于丰水期。丰水期氮污染以NO₃^-     

引调水河道氮的迁移转化及微生物群落结构特征——以望虞河为例

以引江济太调水工程-望虞河为研究对象,探究引调水河道氮素的迁移转化规律及微生物群落结构特征.于2020年10月、12月以及2021年1月在望虞河沿程布设监测点位并采集水样,分析其水体理化性质、氮的形态分布及含量、微生物群落结构变化特征.结果 表明:①硝酸盐氮是望虞河沿程水体中氮素的主要存在形态,占总氮浓度的75.3％～...     

好氧颗粒污泥技术处理味精废水

采用好氧颗粒污泥技术处理味精废水.实验结果表明:前置缺氧段对反应器脱氮效果影响较小,脱氮过程主要是在好氧段实现;曝气段的最佳工艺条件为曝气量0.38 m3/h,曝气时间5.5 h;在进水COD、p(NH3-N)和TN分别为l000.00～1300.00,70.00～130.00,100.00～200.00 mg/L的条件下,COD、NH3-N和TN的去除率可分别维持在90％、99％和85％以上,实现了味精废水的高效脱氮处理.有机物主要在曝气初期的1.5 h内被去除,其在微生物体内以聚β-羟基丁酸形式储存,以提供反硝化过程中所需要的碳源.与普通SBR相比,接种好氧颗粒污泥后的反应器对味精废水具有更好的处理效果.     

微电解强化微生物菌种对高氨氮低碳氮比黑臭水的脱氮研究

针对高氨氮低碳氮比(C/N)黑臭水进行脱氮研究,通过硝化菌和反硝化菌共同作用,并在后期耦合铁碳微电解(IC-ME)强化脱氮。单因素控制变量实验表明,硝化菌和反硝化菌在30℃硝化/反硝化效果较优,平均氨氮去除率为71.62%,硝态氮去除率可达到67.52%;在溶解氧(DO)为3 mg/L时硝化效果较好,平均氨氮去除率达到了70.08%;在后期投加150 g/L铁碳填料时,反硝化效果最好,2#和3#反应器硝态氮去除率最高分别提高到了81.78%和91.17%。长时间运行反应器后,氨氮去除负荷达到0.193 kg/(m³·d),化学需氧量(COD)去除负荷达到1.786 kg/(m³·d)。单独的微生物菌种针对高氨氮低C/N黑臭水脱氮还有一定的局限性,通过后期耦合IC-ME,脱氮效率明显提升,总氮(TN)去除率可从45.65%提升到58.91%。     

超声及N掺杂对TiO2光催化降解甲基橙活性的影响

在超声条件下采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了N掺杂纳米TiO2光催化剂,以甲基橙的光催化降解评价其光催化活性.运用XRD、透射电子显微镜、紫外-可见漫反射光谱等技术对试样的粒径、晶体结构及光学性能进行了表征.实验结果表明:超声能明显减小TiO2颗粒的粒径,提高颗粒分散度,提高TiO2在紫外光下的光催化剂活性;超声对N的掺杂产生了促进作用,使N掺杂纳米TiO2对可见光的吸收能力显著增强,在可见光下的光催化降解速率提高23％.