V2O5/AC在含SO2气氛中对气态Hg0的吸附脱除研究

利用固定床反应器研究了模拟烟气(N_2、SO_2、O_2)气氛下,气态Hg~0在V_2O_5/AC催化剂上的吸附脱除行为.考察了V_2O_5担载量、SO_2浓度和吸附温度等对V_2O_5/AC吸附脱除Hg~0的影响,并对V_2O_5/AC上吸附汞的形态进行了XPS分析表征.研究发现,V_2O_5/AC对Hg~0的吸附能力远大于载体AC.汞的吸附量与V_2O_5/AC中V_2O_5的质量分数有关,随着V_2O_5质量分数从0.5%增加到1.0%,汞的吸附量从75.9 μg·g~(-1)增加到89.6 μg·g~(-1) (无氧) 和115.9 μg·g~(-1)增加到185.5 μg·g~(-1) (有氧),远高于相同吸附条件下的AC上的汞吸附量 (9.6 μg·g~(-1)和23.3 μg·g~(-1)).SO_2对Hg~0的吸附有促进作用,主要是由于SO_2和Hg~0在V_2O_5/AC上发生了化学反应.但是当SO_2体积分数从500×10~(-6)增加到2 000×10~(-6)时,V_2O_5/AC对汞的吸附量只增加了5%.不同温度下的实验结果表明,V_2O_5/AC催化剂在150℃左右的吸附脱除Hg~0的能力最高,汞的吸附量达到98.5 μg·g~(-1) (无氧) 和187.7 μg·g~(-1) (有氧).XPS 分析结果表明,在V_2O_5/AC催化剂表面有HgO和HgSO_4生成,证实了V_2O_5和SO_2的作用.     

铜基改性非碳基吸附剂汞脱除性能研究

对以CuCl2及CuBr2为活性物质,6种大比表面积非碳基载体制成的吸附剂在不同烟气条件下的汞吸附性能及价态分布进行了研究.在纯N2条件下以氧化铝、沸石、皂土为载体的吸附剂具有很高的汞脱除率.水蒸气会降低吸附剂的汞脱除率,SO2对非碳基吸附剂有抑制作用,对CuBr2改性吸附剂及以皂土为载体的吸附剂的影响尤为突出.NO的影响更多地取决于吸附剂载体的性质.HCl的加入对CuCl2改性吸附剂及以皂土为载体的吸附剂的汞脱除率有抑制效果.模拟真实烟气的作用是几种酸性气体的叠加.其中CuCl2改性氧化铝在所有烟气条件下均表现出较好的汞吸附性能及很高的汞氧化率.     

垃圾焚烧炉HCl脱除技术的研究现状与展望

在焚烧法被广泛用来处理医疗垃圾的同时,焚烧时产生的HCl对受热面及人体的危害也日益引起人们的重视。文章综述了HCl控制技术的研究现状;概括了温度、粒径、CO2以及水蒸气对HCl脱除的影响;对未来垃圾焚烧炉脱氯技术的发展方向进行了展望。     

氧化热处理对活性炭纤维吸附转化SO2能力的影响

本文研究了经Ｏ２,空气或ＨＮＯ３氧化后,高温下热处理改性的活性炭纤维（ＡＣＦ）在Ｏ２和水蒸气存在下脱除ＳＯ２的能力。结果表明,氧化热处理改性后,ＡＣＦ的脱硫能力都有明显提高,其中Ｏ２改性的ＡＣＦ脱硫活性最高,ＨＮＯ３改性的ＡＣＦ最低,空气改性的ＡＣＦ居中。并对改性ＡＣＦ具有不同脱硫活性的原因进行了分析。ＴＰＤ实验表明,Ｈ２ＳＯ４从Ｏ２改性ＡＣＦ上脱除最容易。     

温度对喷氨同时脱碳脱硫率影响的试验研究

利用氨气加水蒸汽喷射方法脱除燃煤锅炉模拟烟气中的CO2和SO2气体,烟气中CO2和SO2气体的体积分数分别为12％和0．25％．设定水蒸气温度50℃恒定,以确保反应器中水蒸汽的含湿量较低,其化学反应温度在25℃～95℃之间变化,同时喷入氨气与水蒸气的混合气体,其脱碳脱硫率随反应时间的变化表明：反应温度为55℃～60℃时,CO2和SO2的最大脱除率分别达到70％和95％．对化学反应产物进行FTIR试验,表明其反应产物主要是碳酸铵盐和硫酸铵盐的混合物．配合BET解吸试验,结果表明：在低含湿量条件下,采用喷氨方法,脱除电厂烟气中的CO2和SO2气体过程中,CO2气体除了被氨吸收发生化学反应,生成(NH4)2SO4和NH4HCO3晶体外,还被吸附在(NH4)2SO4和NH4HCO3晶体的空隙里．     

循环流化床电站排放烟尘特性及痕量重金属分析

对35t h循环流化床电厂电除尘器入口和出口的烟气气溶胶进行分级取样,得到飞灰浓度和粒度分布以及电除尘器的分级脱除效率.电除尘器对PM10、PM2 5的脱除效率分别为94 34%和91 38%,使部分可吸入烟尘颗粒穿透除尘设备而直接排放到大气环境中.同时对不同粒度飞灰中重金属含量进行了测试,得到痕量元素浓度从高到低依次为Ni,Cr,Cu,Cd,Pb,Hg.痕量重金属含量与飞灰粒径有一定依附关系,其分布规律与煤成分、锅炉燃烧方式和痕量元素自身的挥发特性等因素有关.     

生物滤塔和NRB在有氧条件下去除废气中的NOx

研究了有氧条件下氮氧化物在生物滤塔内的传质机理,结果表明,当含NOx废气中氧气含量为20%、氧化度为80%时,被生物滤塔内微生物吸附分解的NOx仅占被净化的NOx的12%左右,而88%左右的NOx没有被微生物及时分解,而是转入液相中形成NO3-和NO2-.在此基础上,提出了采用生物滤塔和硝酸盐脱除反应器(nitrate...     

Simultaneous removal of ammonium and phosphate by zeolite synthesized from coal fly ash as influenced by acid treatment

Zeolite synthesized from fly ash （ZFA） without modification is not efficient for the purification of NH4＋ and phosphate at low concentrations that occur in real effluents, despite the high potential removal capacity. To develop an effective technique to enhance the removal efficiency of ammonium and phosphate at low concentrations, ZFA was modified with acid treatment and the simultaneous removal of ammonium and phosphate in a wide range of concentration was investigated. It was seen that when compared with untreated ZFA, only the treatment by 0.01 mol/L of H2SO4 significantly improved the removal efficiency of ammonium at low initial concentrations. The behavior was well explained by the pH effect. Treatment by more concentrated H2SO4 led to the deterioration of the ZFA structure and a decrease in the cation exchange capacity. Treatment by 0.01 mol/L H2SO4 improved the removal efficiency of phosphate by ZFA at all initial P concentrations, while the treatment by concentrated H2SO4 （≥0.9 mol/L） resulted in a limited maximum phosphate immobilization capacity （PIC）. It was concluded that through a previous mild acid treatment （e.g. 0.01 mol/L of H2SO4）, ZFA can be used in the simultaneous removal of NH4＋ and P at low concentrations simulating real effluent.     

Statistical optimization of adsorption processes for removal of 2,4-dichlorophenol by activated carbon derived from oil palm empty fruit bunches

The adsorption capacity of activated carbon produced from oil palm empty fruit bunches through removal of 2,4-dichlorophenol from aqueous solution was carried out in the laboratory. The activated carbon was produced by thermal activation of activation time with 30 min at 800℃. The adsorption process conditions were determined with the statistical optimization followed by central composite design. A developed polynomial model for operating conditions of adsorption process indicated that the optimum conditions for maximum adsorption of phenolic compound were： agitation rate of 100 r/min, contact time of 8 h, initial adsorbate concentration of 250 mg/L and pH 4. Adsorption isotherms were conducted to evaluate biosorption process. Langmuir isotherm was more favorable （R^2=0.93） for removal of 2,4-dichlorophenol by the activated carbon rather than Freundlich isotherm （R^2=0.88）.     

石灰石／石膏湿法FGD装置除尘效率和SO3脱除率探讨

对石灰石-石膏湿法FGD装置除尘效率和SO3脱除率检测数据进行了对比分析,并探讨了净烟气中SO3的来源问题.