丁香蓼对Cu富集效应的研究

通过盆栽实验研究不同浓度的Cu胁迫对丁香蓼响应和富集效应的影响,结果表明,随着Cu的浓度增加,丁香蓼的株高和生物量降低,长势减弱,但在低浓度(ω(Cu)为125 mg/kg)时降低不明显,与对照组差异性不显著,高浓度与对照组差异性显著。根茎叶中Cu含量随着添加的Cu浓度增加而增加,Cu的含量和富集系数都表现为根叶茎,对Cu的积累量表现为根、茎叶,丁香蓼不是Cu的超富集植物,但对Cu具有较好富集作用和忍耐能力。     

生物膜填料塔净化电厂烟气的实验研究

SO2和NOx气体是造成大气污染的主要污染物,本实验以SO2和NOx为研究对象,实验进行了生物膜填料塔挂膜启动及烟气脱硫脱氮实验研究。通过单因素分析,进行了温度、pH值、进气速率、喷淋量、停留时间及循环液中优势菌种等因素对脱硫率和脱氮率影响的实验研究为理论上进一步探讨细菌微生物法脱硫脱氮的机理和最终工业化应用打下基础。     

人工湿地不同填料组合去除典型污染物的研究

选取沸石、火山岩、空心砖、钢渣4种填料,通过对水中典型污染物的等温吸附试验,进行填料组合方式的优化配比.选取优化后的配比组合模拟人工湿地基质系统进行动态试验,进一步考察分析不同填料组合对污染物去除效果的差异.实验结果表明,Langmuir模型能够较好地模拟填料对氮、磷的吸附过程.各填料对NH+4-N的饱和吸附量大小为沸石(2388.92 mg·kg-1)空心砖(618.39 mg·kg-1)火山岩(310.84mg·kg-1);对磷的饱和吸附量大小为空心砖(3051.57 mg·kg-1)钢渣(2863.69 mg·kg-1)火山岩(1102.78 mg·kg-1)沸石(717.15mg·kg-1).在动态试验中,不同的填料组合对污染物具有不同的去除效果.综合考虑各填料组合对污染物的去除,选取效果最优的填料组合为ZH11(沸石与空心砖质量比1∶1混合),其对COD、NH+4-N、NO-3-N、TP的去除率分别达到62.40%、95.54%、59.82%和97.50%.     

Effect of alkalinity on nitrite accumulation in treatment of coal chemical industry wastewater using moving bed biofilm reactor

Nitrogen removal via nitrite （the nitrite pathway） is more suitable for carbon-limited industrial wastewater. Partial nitrification to nitrite is the primary step to achieve nitrogen removal via nitrite. The effect of alkalinity on nitrite accumulation in a continuous process was investigated by progressively increasing the alkalinity dosage ratio （amount of alkalinity to ammonia ratio, mol/mol）. There is a close relationship among alkalinity, pH and the state of matter present in aqueous solution. When alkalinity was insufficient （compared to the theoretical alkalinity amount）, ammonia removal efficiency increased first and then decreased at each alkalinity dosage ratio, with an abrupt removal efficiency peak. Generally, ammonia removal efficiency rose with increasing alkalinity dosage ratio. Ammonia removal efficiency reached to 88% from 23% when alkalinity addition was sufficient. Nitrite accumulation could be achieved by inhibiting nitrite oxidizing bacteria （NOB） by free ammonia （FA） in the early period and free nitrous acid in the later period of nitrification when alkalinity was not adequate. Only FA worked to inhibit the activity of NOB when alkalinity addition was sufficient.     

Performance and microbial diversity of an expanded granular sludge bed reactor for high sulfate and nitrate waste brine treatment

The disposal of waste brines has become a major challenge that hinders the wide application of ion- exchange resins in the water industry in recent decades. In this study, high sulfate removal efficiency （80%-90%） was achieved at the influent sulfate concentration of 3600 mg/L and 3% NaC1 after 145 days in an expanded granular sludge bed （EGSB） reactor. Furthermore, the feasibility of treating synthetic waste brine containing high levels of sulfate and nitrate was investigated in a single EGSB reactor during an operation period of 261 days. The highest nitrate and sulfate loading rate reached 6.38 and 5.78 kg/（m3-day） at SO42--S/NO3-N mass ratio of 4/3, and the corresponding removal efficiency was 99.97% and 82.26% at 3% NaC1, respectively. Meanwhile, 454-pyrosequencing technology was used to analyze the bacterial diversity of the sludge on the 240th day for stable operation of phase X. Results showed that a total of 9194 sequences were obtained, which could be affiliated to 14 phyla, including Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Chlorobi, Bacteroidetes, Synergistetes and so on. Proteobacteria （77.66%） was the dominant microbial population, followed by Firmicutes （12.23%） and Chlorobi （2.71%）.     

Evaluation of Bacillus sp. MZS10 for decolorizing Azure B dye and its decolorization mechanism

To evaluate decolorization and detoxification of Azure B dye by a newly isolated Bacillus sp. MZS10 strain, the cultivation medium and decolorization mechanism of the isolate were investigated. The decolorization was discovered to be dependent on cell density of the isolate and reached 93.55%(0.04 g/L) after 14 hr of cultivation in a 5 L stirred-tank fermenter at 2.0 g/L yeast extract and 6.0 g/L soluble starch and a small amount of mineral salts. The decolorization metabolites were identified with ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy(UPLC-MS). A mechanism for decolorization of Azure B was proposed as follows: the C=N in Azure B was initially reduced to –NH by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate(NADPH)-dependent quinone dehydrogenase, and then the –NH further combined with –OH derived from glucose to form a stable and colorless compound through a dehydration reaction. The phytotoxicity was evaluated for both Azure B and its related derivatives produced by Bacillus sp. MZS10 decolorization, indicating that the decolorization metabolites were less toxic than original dye. The decolorization efficiency and mechanism shown by Bacillus sp. MZS10 provided insight on its potential application for the bioremediation of the dye Azure B.     

镉超积累植物龙葵叶片中镉的积累与有机酸含量的关系

采用盆栽试验方法,研究镉超积累植物龙葵(Solanum nigrum L.)不同生育期叶片中有机酸的含量与组成,及其与镉生物积累的关系.结果表明,当土壤中镉浓度为25μg.g-1时,苗期和成熟期龙葵叶片镉积累量均达到100μg.g-1以上,且地上部镉含量大于根部镉含量.苗期与成熟期有机酸的含量变化差异显著,苗期龙葵叶片4种有机酸的含量大小为乙酸>酒石酸>苹果酸>柠檬酸;成熟期有机酸含量顺序为苹果酸>酒石酸、乙酸>柠檬酸.苗期龙葵叶片中酒石酸含量与镉含量呈极显著相关,成熟期则发现乙酸和柠檬酸含量与叶片中镉含量呈显著相关,说明龙葵叶片中酒石酸、柠檬酸和乙酸分别可以指示不同生育期龙葵叶片中镉的积累.     

燃气压缩机填料密封失效分析

本文主要讲述天然气压缩机在进行8000小时维修保养(年检)时,在更换二级填料密封后启动试车运行时发现填料密封失效泄露的原因进行分析和解决方法。     

针对旋转设备不平衡振动问题的平衡研究

对旋转设备由于转子不平衡引起的振动故障进行了分析,并对常见的校正方法进行了论述。针对现场校正过程中变量多、干扰大等特点,采用了影响系数法进行动平衡校正。通过对影响系数法的数学模型进行研究,得到了影响系数、配质量及相位等校正参数的计算表达式,并进行了实验验证,结果表明计算参数切实可信,有效降低了转子不平衡振动。     

华东电网超超临界CDM项目CO2减排量研究

介绍了燃煤电厂超超临界CDM类型项目CO2减排量的理论计算过程，说明各参数的取值方法，并结合华东电网超超临界CDM项目案例给予演示，最后就减排问题对CDM项目的开发提出了建议。