低温下生物强化SBR工艺处理苯胺废水的研究

采用生物强化的方法,将实验室筛选出的高效低温苯胺降解菌(菌群)投加到SBR反应系统中,考察高效菌低温生物强化对苯胺去除能力提高的效果,以及反应过程中TOC、TN、MLSS、MLVSS、SV、OUR、TOC等相关指标的变化.结果表明,维持反应器内温度为12℃、摇床转速160r/min、pH值为7、反应周期为48h等条件,3个强化系统(单菌系统、混菌系统、单菌加混菌强化系统)均可以提高苯胺的降解能力,苯胺降解率为74.2%~100%,TOC的去除率为83%~88.8%.由于高浓度苯胺的存在以及环境温度过低,导致硝化细菌活性受到严重抑制,因此TN没有得到较好地去除.     

Potential bioremediation of mercury-contaminated substrate using filamentous fungi isolated from forest soil

The use of filamentous fungi in bioremediation of heavy metal contamination has been developed recently. This research aims to observe the capability of filamentous fungi isolated from forest soil for bioremediation of mercury contamination in a substrate. Six fungal strains were selected based on their capability to grow in 25 mg/L Hg2+-contaminated potato dextrose agar plates. Fungal strain KRP1 showed the highest ratio of growth diameter, 0.831, thus was chosen for further observation.Identification based on colony and cell morphology carried out by 18S rRNA analysis gave a 98%match to Aspergillus flavus strain KRP1. The fungal characteristics in mercury(Ⅱ) contamination such as range of optimum pH, optimum temperature and tolerance level were 5.5–7 and 25–35℃ and 100 mg/L respectively. The concentration of mercury in the media affected fungal growth during lag phases. The capability of the fungal strain to remove the mercury(Ⅱ) contaminant was evaluated in 100 mL sterile 10 mg/L Hg2+-contaminated potato dextrose broth media in 250 mL Erlenmeyer flasks inoculated with 108spore/mL fungal spore suspension and incubation at 30℃ for 7 days. The mercury(Ⅱ) utilization was observed for flasks shaken in a 130 r/min orbital shaker(shaken) and nonshaken flasks(static) treatments. Flasks containing contaminated media with no fungal spores were also provided as control. All treatments were done in triplicate. The strain was able to remove 97.50%and 98.73% mercury from shaken and static systems respectively. A. flavus strain KRP1 seems to have potential use in bioremediation of aqueous substrates containing mercury(Ⅱ) through a biosorption mechanism.     

甾体雌激素废水中优势降解菌的分离及特性

从某避孕药生产厂污水处理站好氧池活性污泥中通过富集驯化,分离到一株降解甾体雌激素(3-甲氧基-17a羟基-1,3,5(10),8(9)-雌甾-4-烯,简称MHE)的细菌ZY3菌株.经形态及16SrDNA序列分析初步鉴定,该菌株属于Raoultella属(Raoultellasp.).经过对ZY3菌株以MHE为唯一碳源生长和降解特性的分析表明,ZY3菌株利用MHE生长的最适温度和pH值分别为35℃和10.0,72h内的最适降解浓度为10mg/L.加入营养物质麦芽糖和蛋白胨能促进菌株对底物的降解,在72h内降解率达到了87%和85%.     

鸡粪除臭及资源化的探索

本文针对目前农村畜牧业生产中出现的环境污染问题,结合农村的实际,在鸡粪无害化、资源化中做了一些有 益的探索,并取得实效,鸡粪处理中出现的臭气得到控制,并通过三步发酵生产出优质复合肥料,该技术已经实现了产 业化运行,取得良好的经济效益和环境效益。     

青枯雷尔氏菌GMI1000菌株龙胆酸1,2-双加氧酶活性中心关键氨基酸残基的鉴定

生物信息学分析表明,位于青枯雷尔氏菌GMI1000菌株的染色体上的读码框RSc1087可能编码一个龙胆酸1,2-双加氧酶.本研究克隆、表达了该基因,并通过亲和层析对该基因表达产物进行了纯化.酶学测试结果证实,该基因编码的正是龙胆酸1,2-双加氧酶.SDS-PAGE结果表明,该酶亚基分子量约为38×103.基因的定点突变揭示105位、107位和146位组氨酸残基是该酶活性中心的关键氨基酸残基.     

吸附法除臭

<正> 一、前言吸附装置大体可分为固定床式、移动式和流动床式三种.而按吸附剂的再生方式又可分成非再生型,取出再生型和反复吸脱型三种.另外,吸附分为物理吸附和化学吸附,而实际上是指物理—化学吸附.从下水处理厂排出的废气中含有酸性、碱性和中性的恶臭物质,只用物理吸附不可能达到应有的脱臭效果.因此,采用了酸碱药剂处理的药浸吸附剂.由于从处理厂排出的恶臭物质     

深井曝气法处理制药厂废水的优势菌株的生态学研究

通过驯化培养 ,从制药厂废水的活性污泥中分离出降解硝基苯能力最强的几株菌 ,并鉴别到属。该菌对硝基苯具有较强的忍受能力 ,通过活性污泥和优势菌株不同量的配比实验 ,得到在优势菌株和活性污泥在 1∶ 9及 3∶ 7的配比中 ,降解硝基苯的能力没有显著差异 ,使这一成果更适合在实际生长中的应用和推广     

水产养殖环境中抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的研究及进展(Research Advancement of Antibiotics Resistance Genes（ARGs）in Aquaculture Environment)

抗生素在现阶段的水产养殖中具有不可替代的作用,但长期滥用抗生素会诱导水生动物体内产生携带抗性基因(ARGs)的细菌株,尤其是多重耐药性菌株的产生将使得各种疾病的治疗更加棘手.抗性基因一旦被排泄到水产环境中不仅会对养殖区域和周围的环境造成潜在的基因污染,而且还会通过各种可移动遗传元件如质粒、转座子、整合子等的水平迁移作用进入其他致病菌和环境细菌中,对人类的健康安全构成潜在的威胁.论文对抗生素抗性基因在水产养殖业中的来源、污染现状、潜在的传播途径和相关的检测方法进行了综述,指出了开展水产养殖业中抗生素抗性基因污染研究的必要性,建议政府和有关部门尽快进行水产养殖业抗生素抗性基因的污染机理与控制对策研究.