Isolation of a Pseudomonas Stutzeri strain that degrades 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene and characterization of its degradative plasmid

The genetic information encoding metabolic pathways for xenobiotic compounds in bacteria often resides on catabolic plasmids. The aim of the present work was to know the location of the genes for degrading 1,2,4-trichlorobenzen. In this paper a 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene-degrading strain THSL-1 was isolated from the soil of Tianjin Chemical Plant using 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene as the sole carbon source. The strain was identified as Pseudomonas stutzeri through morphologic survey and 16S rDNA sequence determination. A plasmid was discovered from strain THSL-1 by using the alkali lysis method. When the plasmid was transformed into E. coli. JM109 by the CaCl₂ method, the transformant could grow using 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene as the sole carbon source and had the degradation function of 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene. Therefore, it could be deemed that the plasmid carried the degradative genes of 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene. The average size of the plasmid was finally determined to be 40.2 Kb using selectively three kinds of restricted inscribed enzymes (HindIII, BamHI, and XholI) for single cutting and double cutting the plasmid pTHSL-1, respectively. __________ Translated from China Environmental Science, 2005, 25(4): 385–388 [译自: 中国环境科学]     

除磷工艺中含氧条件对聚磷菌种群结构影响研究

利用分子生物学技术直接从活性污泥样品中提取DNA,采用套式PCR技术对特征基因片断进行扩增,结合DGGE(变性浓度梯度凝胶电泳)分析活性污泥中微生物种群结构.研究了除磷工艺在正常运行情况下的微生态系统种群结构,并分析了微生物群落结构及行为特征.测定了活性污泥中变形杆菌(Proteobacteria)和产酸菌(Acidobacterium)部分菌种的16S rDNA V3区片段序列,通过NCBI(美国国立生物技术信息中心)基因库比对,初步确定了部分细菌的属.在厌氧/好氧和缺氧/好氧工艺中各类优势菌群变化规律研究表明,在除磷效果稳定的情况下,系统中除磷微生物种群结构大致能保持不变,少数数量或种类发生变化的种群与系统中含氧量变化有关,但是处于动态变化中的菌群结构总体能够适应工艺运行环境.     

Analytical solutions of three-dimensional contaminant transport in uniform flow field in porous media: A library

The purpose of this study is to present a library of analytical solutions for the three-dimensional contaminant transport in uniform flow field in porous media with the first-order decay, linear sorption, and zero-order production. The library is constructed using Green’s function method (GFM) in combination with available solutions. The library covers a wide range of solutions for various conditions. The aquifer can be vertically finite, semi-infinitive or infinitive, and laterally semi-infinitive or infinitive. The geometry of the sources can be of point, line, plane or volumetric body; and the source release can be continuous, instantaneous, or by following a given function over time. Dimensionless forms of the solutions are also proposed. A computer code FlowCAS is developed to calculate the solutions. Calculated results demonstrate the correctness of the presented solutions. The library is widely applicable to solve contaminant transport problems of one- or multiple- dimensions in uniform flow fields.     

图书馆防灾减灾管理制度初探

图书馆是人们获取知识信息的公共场所,它的安全也应该引起我们的重视.本文从编制图书馆灾害应急预案、建立健全各种规章制度、加强对图书馆工作人员应对灾害能力的培训、健全各种应急设备、数字馆藏容灾制度等几个方面论述了图书馆防灾减灾的方法与手段.     

3S技术在土地整理中的应用

分析了利用新的测绘技术进行土地整理规划的优势,简要介绍了3S技术,提出采用3S技术获取土地整理基础信息的基本技术路线,详细说明了RS,GPS,GIS技术在土地整理调查、成图、规划设计过程中的应用,指出3S技术一体化为提高土地整理规划决策的实效性,大幅度地降低财力的投入提供了新的方法。     

Diversity of methanotrophs in Zoige wetland soils under both anaerobic and aerobic conditions

Zoige wetland is one of the most important methane emission centers in China. The oxidation of methane in the wetland a ects global warming, soil ecology and atmospheric chemistry. Despite their global significance, microorganisms that consume methane in Zoige wetland remain poorly characterized. In this study, we investigated methanotrophs diversity in soil samples from both anaerobic site and aerobic site in Zoige wetland using pmoA gene as a molecular marker. The cloning library was constructed according to the pmoA sequences detected. Four clusters of methanotrophs were detected. The phylogenetic tree showed that all four clusters detected were a liated to type I methanotrophs. Two novel clusters (cluster 1, cluster 2) were found to relate to none of the recognized genera of methanotrophs. These clusters have no cultured representatives and reveal an ecological adaptation of particular uncultured methanotrophs in Zoige wetland. Two clusters were belonging to Methylobacter and Methylococcus separately. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis gel bands pattern retrieved from these two samples revealed that the community compositions of anaerobic soil and aerobic soil were di erent from each other while anaerobic soil showed a higher metanotrophs diversity. Real-time PCR assays of the two samples demonstrated that aerobic soil sample in Zoige wetland was 1.5 times as much copy numbers as anaerobic soil. These data illustrated that methanotrophs are a group of microorganisms influence the methane consumption in Zoige wetland.     

高钙特征焚烧飞灰的加速碳酸化处理及对重金属浸出特性的影响

针对生活垃圾焚烧飞灰的高钙含量特征,在室温下采用CO2对焚烧飞灰在液固比(L∶S)为0.25∶1的条件下进行加速碳酸化处理,考察加速碳酸化处理对焚烧飞灰中重金属(As、Cd、Cu、Zn、Sb、Pb)浸出特性的影响.焚烧飞灰XRD分析表明,加速碳酸化处理后飞灰中的Ca(OH)2和CaClOH衍射峰消失,而CaCO3的衍射峰增多,且强度增加.加速碳酸化处理后飞灰中铅的形态发生了改变,并且能够检测到铜的化合物.TG/DTA分析表明,焚烧飞灰在440℃之前增重达到5.70%,SEM-EDS分析证实了Ca(OH)2(s)+CO2(g)→CaCO3(s)反应的发生.焚烧飞灰加速碳酸化处理后的TCLP浸出实验表明,碳酸化时间在2 h内,重金属的浸出浓度除Cd保持不变外都显著下降;而当碳酸化时间超过50 h后,重金属的浸出浓度除Pb外普遍高于飞灰未经碳酸化处理时的浸出浓度.     

Heavy metals removal from aqueous solution using carbonaceous K_2S-impregnated adsorbent

A novel carbonaceous adsorbent for heavy metal removal was prepared from raw coal by one-step simple sulfur impregnation using K_2S. Raw coal was mixed with K_2S powder and then heated at 800℃ for 30 min in nitrogen to produce K_2S char. The sulfur content and form in K_2S char were determined, and the ability of K_2S char to adsorb Zn~(2+), Cd~(2+) and Pb~(2+) was examined. The K_2S impregnation was effective at impregnating sulfur into coal, especially in the form of elemental, thiophenic and sulfatic sulfur. The sulfur content of K_2S char was higher than those of raw coal and pyrolysis char. The Zn~(2+) removal in 2.4 mmol/L of Zn~(2+) solution by K_2S char was higher than raw coal with the removal rate of 100%. K_2S char adsorbed Pb~(2+) and Cd~(2+) in 24 mmol/L of Pb~(2+) and Cd~(2+) solution with the removal rate of 97 % and 35 %, respectively. The elution extents of adsorbed Pb~(2+) and Cd~(2+) were zero in distilled water and 27% in 0.1 mol/L HCl solution. These results indicated that an effective adsorbent for heavy metal ions was prepared from coal using K_2S sulfur impregnation, and that the adsorbed metals were strongly retained in K_2S char.     

一株高效溶藻放线菌的分子生物学鉴定

实验室从土壤中分离筛选得到了一株具有高效溶藻能力的放线菌,命名为AN02。对这株具有高效溶藻效果能力的放线菌AN02分别进行了形态特征、培养特征及生理生化特性的分析,分析结果表明放线菌AN02菌株的上述几个特征与细黄链霉菌(Streptomyces microflavus)的高度一致,与此同时,聚类分析结果也同样表明,放线菌AN02菌株与细黄链霉菌(Streptomyces microflavus)的高度一致,后经过比对,发现二者的16SrDNA序列的同源性高达近100%,因此,可将溶藻放线菌AN02定名为细黄链霉菌AN02(Streptomyces microflavus AN02)。     

生物滴滤塔处理氨气、硫化氢混合气体的研究

生物滴滤塔处理舍NH3与H2S臭气最佳的生态条件为：在温度为25℃、营养盐喷淋量为8．0L／h、气体通气量为0．4m^3／h,NH3进气质量浓度为435．74～802．32mg／m^3 H2S进气质量浓度为723．44～952．18mg/m^3,pH值在7．0—8．0之间的条件下．去除效率可达90％以上。填料高度与气体的净化效率存在一定的关系,H2S进气质量浓度在670．20—960．88mg／m^3时．下层填料净化效率可达50％～60％;下、中两层填料的净化效率则可达90％以上,在下半部分填料层就能去除大部分气体污染物。