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921.
在双搅拌反应釜中研究了位阻胺2-氨基-2-甲基-1-丙醇(AMP)与甘氨酸钠(SG)混合溶液吸收CO2的性能.实验温度293~313K,混合溶液的浓度为AMP(1.5kmol/m3)+SG (0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8kmol/m3),SG浓度每增加0.2kmol/m3,200min内的平均吸收速率分别提高11.47%,10.07%,9.18%和5.33%.与AMP单一溶液相比,混合溶液在200 min时的吸收容量增加了11.5%~41.1%.在293~313K,吸收速率随温度上升而提高.使用加热的方法进行再生实验,得到1.5 kmol/m3 AMP + 0.6 kmol/m3 SG混合液的最适再生温度为378K.AMP + SG混合溶液的再生效率高于单一SG溶液及AMP + MEA/DEA混合溶液. 相似文献
922.
研究了有机磷农药降解菌株Arthrobacter sp.scl-2对苯线磷、哒嗪硫磷和丙溴磷的降解特性,结果表明菌株scl-2可以利用苯线磷、哒嗪硫磷和丙溴磷为唯一磷源生长.菌株scl-2降解苯线磷、哒嗪硫磷和丙溴磷的最适温度均为30℃,哒嗪硫磷的降解在初始pH8时速度最快,而丙溴磷和苯线磷的最适初始pH均为7,偏酸偏碱均不利于菌株对苯线磷、哒嗪硫磷、丙溴磷的降解.利用气相色谱-质谱联机鉴定了苯线磷、哒嗪硫磷、丙溴磷的降解产物,分别为3-甲基-4-甲硫基苯酚、6-羟基-2-苯基-2-氢哒嗪酮和4-溴-2-氯苯酚. 相似文献
923.
研究了混合光合细菌PSB-DR在不同光照、接种量和pH值下对2,4,6-三氯苯酚(2,4,6-TCP)的生物降解特性,确定了PSB-DR生物降解2,4,6-TCP的优化控制条件.结果表明,光照培养下,接种量30%,初始pH值7.0时2,4,6-TCP降解效率最高.在此条件下,50mg/L的2,4,6-TCP经5d后降解率达到82.3%.培养基中醋酸钠的加入对2,4,6-TCP降解有明显的抑制作用.PSB-DR静息细胞对2,4,6-TCP的降解符合高浓度底物抑制的酶促反应类型,其降解动力学参数rmax=1.746h-1,Km=38.333mg/L,Ki=260.87mg/L. 相似文献
924.
为改善聚合物材料的火灾安全性,利用二硫化钼(MoS2)的独特性能,结合纳米复合、催化成炭等设计思路,采用共沉淀法制备CeMnOx-MoS2和CeFeOx-MoS2双金属氧化物-MoS2纳米杂化物,并将其分别应用到2种典型聚合物(聚氨酯和环氧树脂)中.结果 表明:2种杂化物均匀分散在聚合物基体中,可有效延缓聚合物材料的热... 相似文献
925.
The present study was carried out to evaluate the question of whether or not royal jelly affects N-acetylation and metabolism of 2-aminofluorene (2-AF) in the human liver tumor cell line (J 5). N-acetylation and metabolism of 2-AF in intact J5 cells was determined by using high performance liquid chromatography for the amounts of acetylated and nonacetylated 2-AF and profile of 2-AF metabolism. The results indicated that royal jelly displayed a dose-dependent inhibition of N-acetylation of 2-AF in J5 cells. Royal jelly also decreased the profile of 2-AF metabolites in J5 cells. This report is the first demonstration which showed that royal jelly affects N-acetylation of 2-AF in human liver tumor cells (J5). 相似文献
926.
Rafael C. Lajmanovich Juan Carlos Sánchez-Hernández Paola M. Peltzer Andrés M. Attademo Gabriela S. Fiorenza Mariana C. Cabagna 《毒物与环境化学》2013,95(6):1145-1161
We determined the normal levels of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), carboxylesterase (CbE), and glutathione S-transferases (GST) activities in three South American toad species in order to establish reference values for field pesticide monitoring purposes. Interspecies variations in B-esterase and GST activities were examined according to body mass. In addition, comparative inhibition of BChE and CbE activities using malaoxon, and chemical reactivation of malaoxon-inhibited BChE activity using pyridine-2-aldoxime methochloride (2-PAM) were investigated. Bufo fernandezae had average activity values for BChE: 17.31 mmol min?1 ml?1; CbE: 621.49 nmol min?1 ml?1 and GST: 1.94 mmol min?1 ml?1 while B. arenarum enzymatic average activities were BChE: 9.51 mmol min?1 ml?1; CbE: 270.07 nmol min?1 ml?1, and GST: 1.59 mmol min?1 ml?1; finally Bufo schneideri had enzymatic mean values of BChE: 2.08 mmol min?1 ml?1; CbE: 301.95 nmol min?1 ml?1, and GST: 1.60 mmol min?1 ml?1. Moreover, we found an allometric relationship between plasma BChE and CbE activities and body size for the three toad species. We suggest that B. fernandezae would be the species with a higher tolerance capacity to organophosphorous insecticides compared to the other toad species, while B. schneideri may be the most vulnerable toad species to field pesticide exposure, although some other factors (e.g., brain AChE sensitivity or pesticide metabolism by phosphotriesterases) should be also taken into account. The malaoxon-inhibited BChE activity of the three toad species was reactivated in the presence of 2-PAM, and it is recommended as a specific and sensitive methodology in the assessment of field exposure to OP insecticides together to compare BChE activity levels between OP-exposed and nonexposed individuals. 相似文献
927.
The environmental impact of nanotechnology has caused a great concern. Many in vitro studies showed that many types of nanoparticles were cytotoxic. However, whether these nanoparticles caused cell membrane damage was not well studied. F2-isoprostanes are specific products of arachidonic acid peroxidation by nonenzymatic reactive oxygen species and are considered as reliable biomarkers of oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. In this article, we investigated the cytotoxicity of different nanoparticles and the degree of cellular membrane damage by using F2-isoprostanes as biomarkers after exposure to nanoparticles. The human lung epithelial cell line A549 was exposed to four silica and metal oxide nanoparticles: SiO2 (15 nm), CeO2 (20 nm), Fe2O3 (30 nm), and ZnO (70 nm). The levels of F2-isoprostanes were determined by using high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. The F2-isoprostanes’ peak was identified by retention time and molecular ion m/z at 353. Oasis HLB cartridge was used to extract F2-isoprostanes from cell medium. The results showed that SiO2, CeO2, and ZnO nanoparticles increased F2-isoprostanes levels significantly in A549 cells. Fe2O3 nanoparticle also increased F2-isoprostanes level, but was not significant. This implied that SiO2, CeO2, ZnO, and Fe2O3 nanoparticles can cause cell membrane damage due to the lipid peroxidation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the investigation of effects of cellular exposure to metal oxide and silica nanoparticles on the cellular F2-isoprostanes levels. 相似文献
928.
929.
In this study, the removal of methylene blue (MB) by the coupling of black carbon (BC) and TiO2 was investigated. The effects of different parameters such as catalyst dose, sorbent, initial concentrations of dye, pH of the solutions, recycles on discoloration, and chemical oxidation demand (COD) reduction of MB were monitored to optimize the reaction conditions. The discoloration and COD conversation rate of MB obtained by the coupling process were 100% after 90?min irradiation. The synergistic effect of MB-adsorption on BC followed by degradation through TiO2 photocatalysis was proved by FT–IR spectrophotometer. The BC as by-product of natural materials is a promising adsorbent for waste water treatment. 相似文献
930.
Lead (Pb) is a heavy metal, known to induce oxidative stress and produce damage to the antioxidant defence system ultimately leading to cell death. Antioxidants such as epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG), a green tea polyphenol, was shown to play a protective role during Pb-exposure. In this study, human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells were exposed to different concentrations (0.01–10?µM) of Pb for 48?h to determine effects on the viability of cells. It was observed that IC50 was at 5?µM and at this concentration the cells exhibited a significant increase in caspase-3 activity, an indicator of apoptosis at least by 10-fold and the decrease of 59.4% in glutathione (GSH) content. The total cellular prostaglandin-E2 (PGE2) level was found to be elevated at least 10-fold upon Pb exposure. However, the effects of Pb on cells pre-incubated with 50?µM EGCG followed by 5?µM Pb showed 40% inhibition in cell viability, 17.3% decrease in caspase-3 activity, 23% increase in GSH content, and 11.4% fall in PGE2 levels when compared with cells exposed to Pb only. Data suggest that EGCG exerted a significant protection to cell viability in preventing cell death and elevation in levels of GSH in cells exposed to Pb. However, EGCG did not elicit any significant effect on release of PGE2 indicating the nature of EGCG as an effective anti-apoptotic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory agent. 相似文献