Chemical forms of cobalt and nickel extracted by M1, M3 and CaCl2 DTPA

Mehlich 1(M1), mehlich 3(M3) and CaCl₂ DTPA have been used to predict the available micronutrient in soil. However, the forms of micronutrient extractable by these extractants are not known. In the present study, ten soils, collected from five provinces and the capital of China, representing a wide range of chemical and physical properties, were analyzed by sequential extraction to isolate five forms of cobalt and nickel, they are exchangeable, carbonate bound, Fe Mn oxide bound, organically bound and residual forms. The chemical forms extracted by M1, M3 and CaCl₂ DTPA were also investigated. The results show strong correlation between the carbonate bound or organically bound forms of Co or Ni and the amounts of extractable by any of the above three extractants. The main forms extracted by these extractants are carbonate and organically bound forms. The ranking of these three extractants for extraction of Co and Ni are M1>M3=CaCl₂ DTPA and M1=M3>CaCl₂ DTPA, respectively.     

Admixture of maternal metaphases in first trimester direct chromosome preparations?

The autoradiographic labelling of different cell types in chorionic villi and decidual tissue was investigated after [³H]-thymidine incorporation in vitro. Although the extent of labelling was found to be lower in decidual than in villus tissue the possibility that direct chromosome preparations may contain maternal metaphases should be considered. The need for careful selection of villi for direct cytogenetic analysis was stressed.     

影响活性污泥脱氮的效果及对策

以九江大化肥污水Ａ／Ｏ脱氮工艺为例，详细地分析了影响活性污泥脱氮效果的几个因素，提出了一些相应对策来提高脱氮效果     

纳米TiO_2膜的制备及其光催化性能

采用溶胶 凝胶法(Sol Gel)制备了负载型纳米TiO2膜,分别考察了原料配比、pH值、煅烧温度对薄膜性质的影响,并利用XRD对其结构进行了表征,同时,用负载型TiO2膜对活性艳红X 3B(X 3B)模拟染料废水进行了微波辅助光催化脱色的研究。结果表明,改变原料配比及pH值可以制备出不同粒径的纳米TiO2膜,在450℃煅烧时TiO2呈锐态矿结构,在650℃以上出现锐态矿与金红石混晶结构,750℃时完全转变为金红石结构。所制得的纳米TiO2薄膜对X 3B具有较好的光催化活性。     

含铬固体废渣中Cr~(3+) 的氧化

研究了ｐＨ、温度对铬渣中Ｃｒ３＋的氧化速率的影响．结果表明，在碱性条件下，空气中的氧气具有相当强的氧化性，足以将Ｃｒ３＋氧化为Ｃｒ６＋，且随ｐＨ、温度的升高而加快．     

膨润土粘土矿吸附焦化废水中氨氮的研究

研究了膨润土粘土矿对碳酸铵溶液中ＮＨ４＾＋离子和焦化废水中氨氮的吸附。结果表明：在低液固比时，颗粒膨润土对碳酸铵溶液中ＮＨ４＾＋离子的吸附效果优于粉状膨润土；在高液固化时，粉状膨润土的吸附效果优于颗粒膨润土。颗粒膨润土对焦化废水中氨氮的吸附效果优于粉状膨润土和活化膨润土。     

铅诱导的PC12细胞凋亡及caspase-3的激活

用MTT法及TUNEL法检测醋酸铅对PC12细胞活力和凋亡率的影响,并用荧光标记的特异性caspase-3抑制剂来测量caspase-3的激活.结果显示,PC12细胞暴露于浓度为0.1、1、10、100 μmol·L-1的醋酸铅中24 h后,凋亡率和caspase-3的激活显著增加,并具有剂量-效应关系;当铅浓度达到1 μmol·L-1及以上时,细胞活力明显下降.因此可以推论,铅能够诱导PC12细胞发生凋亡,caspase-3的激活可能在这过程中起了非常重要的作用.     

微波诱导氧化处理雅格素红BF-3B150%染料废水的研究

以颗粒活性炭为催化剂 ,建立了微波诱导氧化工艺 ,对雅格素红BF 3B15 0 %染料废水进行了有效处理 .分别考查了废水初始浓度、微波功率、微波辐照时间、活性炭粒径、活性炭用量和废水pH值对废水处理效果的影响 .该工艺对稀释 10 0倍后的实际废水 (原水COD为 2 82 4 0mg·L-1)最佳处理工艺条件为 :微波辐照时间 6min、微波辐射功率 6 5 0W、活性炭用量为 8g、活性炭粒径 2 0目以下 ,微波诱导催化氧化在酸性条件下比在碱性条件下的处理效果要好 .在此工艺条件下 ,废水脱色率达99 6 %、COD去除率达 96 8% .微波辐射雅格素红染料废水脱色表观反应动力学研究表明 ,该反应近似一级反应 ,动力学常数为 0 735 1min-1,半衰期为 0 94min .微波诱导氧化、活性炭吸附和单纯微波辐射 3种不同工艺的对比实验表明 ,微波诱导氧化工艺具有明显的优越性 ,且不会对环境造成二次污染     

Effects of exogenous Ca2+ on the membrane permeability, MDA and SH group content of Alexandrium sp. LC3 under surfactant stress

The effect of Ca^2 on the removal of Alexandrium sp. LC3 under HDTMAB stress was investigated. The results showed that thetoxic effect of HDTMAB on Alexandrium sp. LC3 was significantly reduced in the presence of Ca^2 , especially under 4 mmol/L of Ca^2 .To understand the underlying mechanism, the SH group and MDA content of the cell membrane and membrane permeability weremeasured. It was found that the SH content of cell member increased, the MDA content and membrane permeability decreased whenAlexandrium sp. was treated with Ca^2 and HDTMAB complex, compared with using HDTMAB only. The data suggested that Ca^2 mightpromote HDTMAB stress resistance of Alexandrium sp. LC3 by reducing the permeability and increasing the stability of cell membrane.