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131.
经反复多次试验,证明了用硫酸亚铁废酸液还原处理铬废液的可行性,此法以废治废,工艺简单,操作容易,处理效果好. 相似文献
132.
我国低纬度、亚热带地区的降水化学及其雨水酸化趋势分析 总被引:24,自引:1,他引:24
在世界上酸沉降研究尚为空白的低纬度、亚热带地区建立了酸沉降监测网。通过两年的监测,结果表明降水中酸度和离子总浓度季节变化明显,Ca ̄(2+)和NH在降水离子构成中占百分率较高,阳离子总和略大于阴离子总和。两广地区降水酸度是雨水中多种阴、阳离子综合作用的结果,降水中SO浓度高的地区是SO_2排放量高的地区,控制雨水逐年酸化趋势的唯一途径是限制SO_2排放。 相似文献
133.
介绍了对处理铝材加工含Al^3+的酸性废液过程中产生的二次污染物Al(OH)3凝胶废渣的应用。 相似文献
134.
RAINS是欧洲开发的关于酸雨污染综合分析的计算机模型。模型参数根据亚洲情况进行调整后,称为RAINS-ASIA。该模型能根据国家和地区的经济、行业、能耗状况,及污染控制技术,计算SO2的排放量分布和酸性污染物的输送沉积,结合各地临界负荷,建议控制对策。以上海市和浙江省为对象,采纳两地经济年鉴公布的数据,模型运行结果表明,其结论与其他研究成果相符,模型有良好的应用与开发前景。 相似文献
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136.
大气污染带来的危害已明显影响到人民群众的身心健康,菏泽市城区“十五”以来降水监测的酸雨现状表明菏泽市酸雨污染呈逐年加重趋势,指出了菏泽市城区酸雨污染成因和发展趋势,进而提出了改善城市大气环境质量的建议与对策。 相似文献
137.
Black spots and female association preferences in a sexual/asexual mating complex (Poecilia, Poeciliidae, Teleostei) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Michael Tobler Martin Plath Heike Burmeister Ingo Schlupp 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2006,60(2):159-165
We investigated whether female association preferences for males are influenced by black spot disease (BSD), a parasite induced change of the host phenotype. We compared three different species of fish: a gynogenetic hybrid species, Poecilia formosa (amazon molly) and two sexual species (Poecilia latipinna and Poecilia mexicana), which were involved in the natural hybridisation leading to the amazon molly. Contrary to their sexual relatives, asexual amazon mollies significantly avoided images of males infected with black spot disease. We propose that amazon molly females have direct fitness benefits from choosing healthy males. The adaptive significance of the preference for BSD-uninfected males in the asexual amazon molly is yet unclear but may involve avoidance of predation or parasite infection as well as increased sperm availability. 相似文献
138.
Ronnen Levinson Paul Berdahl Asmeret Asefaw Berhe Hashem Akbari 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2005,39(40):7807-7824
A roof with high solar reflectance and high thermal emittance (e.g., a white roof) stays cool in the sun, reducing cooling power demand in a conditioned building and increasing summertime comfort in an unconditioned building. The high initial solar reflectance of a white membrane roof (circa 0.8) can be lowered by deposition of soot, dust, and/or biomass (e.g., fungi or algae) to about 0.6; degraded solar reflectances range from 0.3 to 0.8, depending on exposure. We investigate the effects of soiling and cleaning on the solar spectral reflectances and solar absorptances of 15 initially white or light-gray polyvinyl chloride membrane samples taken from roofs across the United States. Black carbon and organic carbon were the two identifiable strongly absorbing contaminants on the membranes. Wiping was effective at removing black carbon, and less so at removing organic carbon. Rinsing and/or washing removed nearly all of the remaining soil layer, with the exception of (a) thin layers of organic carbon and (b) isolated dark spots of biomass. Bleach was required to clear these last two features. At the most soiled location on each membrane, the ratio of solar reflectance to unsoiled solar reflectance (a measure of cleanliness) ranged from 0.41 to 0.89 for the soiled samples; 0.53 to 0.95 for the wiped samples; 0.74 to 0.98 for the rinsed samples; 0.79 to 1.00 for the washed samples; and 0.94 to 1.02 for the bleached samples. However, the influences of membrane soiling and cleaning on roof heat gain are better gauged by fractional variations in solar absorptance. Solar absorptance ratios (indicating solar heat gain relative to that of an unsoiled membrane) ranged from 1.4 to 3.5 for the soiled samples; 1.1 to 3.1 for the wiped samples; 1.0 to 2.0 for the rinsed samples; 1.0 to 1.9 for the washed samples; and 0.9 to 1.3 for the bleached samples. 相似文献
139.
140.
The distribution coefficients (Kd) and desorption rates of 137Cs and 241Am radionuclides in bottom sediments at different locations in the Black Sea were studied under laboratory conditions. The Kd values were found to be 500 for 137Cs and 3800 for 241Am at the steady state and described exponential curves. Rapid uptake of the radionuclides occurred during the initial period and little accumulation happened after four days. The desorption rates for 137Cs in different bottom sediments were best described by a three-component exponential model. The desorption half-times of 137Cs ranged from 26 to 50 d at the slow components. However, the desorption rate of 241Am described one component for all sediment samples and desorption half-time was found to be 75 d. In general, the results showed that the 241Am radionuclide is more effectively transferred to bottom sediment and has longer turnover time than 137Cs under Black Sea conditions. 相似文献