用气流输送轨迹分析上海,重庆,贵阳的酸雨特点及其比较

用降雨时的气流输送轨迹,分析了上海、重庆和贵阳三地的酸雨特点和成因。研究表明,重庆和贵阳的酸雨,主要是受局地污染源的影响,远距离外来污染影响不大;但贵阳在静止锋天气时的酸雨,可能也受远处输送来的外来污染的影响。上海地区的酸雨,除受局地污染源的影响外,还受远处外来污染的影响。     

江苏省酸雨污染十五年趋势分析

根据江苏省的酸雨监测资料,对该省酸雨污染现状及“七五”末以来的变化趋势进行了分析,结果表明:淮河以南酸雨污染普遍重于淮河以北地区;“七五”末以来酸雨频率有降低的趋势,但降水酸度并未减弱;降水组份中,硫酸根离子当量浓度仍占首位,酸雨带来的污染和生态破坏未得到明显减轻。     

酸雨(水)对地质环境的影响研究及其意义

酸雨沉降对地质环境产生危害.地质体(岩石、矿物)为酸雨敏感性研究不可或缺的组成部分.开展地质环境对酸雨危害降解效应的研究具有重要的理论与现实意义.     

广东区域酸雨污染模拟研究

运用数值模拟方法，使用一年365日的风速资料、12个月的降水资料和环境监测资料以及年平均的污染源资料，对广东地区的酸雨污染进行了较细致的分析。结果认为，以日为基础的累积计算，对于提高模拟酸雨污染的能力是很有帮助的。广东省的酸雨污染主要是由自身排放的污染物造成，外来的污染是次要的，在广东边界地区发现受到外省污染的显著痕迹。     

酸处理对活性污泥脱水性能的影响及其作用机理

用硫酸对活性污泥进行脱水前预处理,可使污泥中水分分布发生有利于机械脱水的变化,即结合水含量减少、可脱水程度增大,从而改善活性污泥脱水效果.试验数据表明,只加阳离子PAM调理,污泥经过板框压滤脱水后(压榨时间30 min)泥饼含水率为76.14%;经过酸化预处理后再加阳离子PAM可以使泥饼含水率降至70.24%.不管是过滤脱水还是离心脱水过程,酸处理对污泥脱水速率没有太大影响,却可以提高污泥可脱水程度.进一步研究发现,酸处理的机理是:酸处理使污泥中胞外聚合物ECP水解、微生物细胞瓦解,从而絮体内部间隙水、细胞内部间隙水被释放变成自由水,污泥水分分布发生变化,污泥可脱水程度提高,最终导致污泥脱水效果好.     

Marine macroalgal community structure, metal content and reproductive function near an acid mine drainage outflow

Marine macroalgal communities were examined near the outflow of acid mine drainage (AMD) from the Britannia Mine, British Columbia, Canada. No marine algae were present within 100 m of the mouth of Britannia Creek, which carries the AMD into the marine environment. At greater distances (300-700 m) from this Creek, mean summer cover of filamentous green algae, mostly Enteromorpha intestinalis, was >60%, which was significantly higher than at nearby reference stations. At still greater distances (600-1000 m) from Britannia Creek, Fucus gardneri dominated algal communities that were similar to those at reference stations. No consistent differences were detected in mean plant length, mean per cent cover or mean oocyte production between F. gardneri near Britannia Creek and those at reference stations. Cu body burden in F. gardneri near Britannia Creek was five to 17 times higher than in reference plants.     

Response of peroxidase and catalase to acid rain stress during seed germination of rice, wheat, and rape

Seed germination of plants with various acid-resistance display different responses to acid rain. To understand the reason why such differences occur, the effects of simulated acid rain (pH 2.5–5.0) on the activities of peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) during seed germination of rice (O. sativa), wheat (T. aestivum), and rape (B. chinensis var. oleifera) were investigated. Results indicated that the maximum change in activities of CAT and POD by acid rain treatment with different acidity and time in relation to the referent treatment without acid rain, was in the order: rice (28.8%, 31.7%) < wheat (34.7%, 48.3%) < rape (79.3%, 50.0%). The pH level for which the treatment with acid rain did not cause significant difference (p < 0.05) was in the order: rice (3.5).wheat (4.0).rape (5.0). Moreover, the change in activity of POD was higher than that of CAT, which showed that POD was more sensitive to acid rain stress than CAT. The difference in the ability of POD and CAT in removing free radicals was one reason why the germination indexes of these three species behaved differently. __________ Translated from Environmental Science, 2005, 26(6): 123–125 [译自: 环境科学]     

Combination of adsorption and biodegradation processes for textile effluent treatment using a granular activated carbon-biofilm configured packed column system

The objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using a granular activated carbon-biofilm configured packed column system in the deeolodzation of azo dye Acid Orange 7-containing wastewater.The Acid Orange 7-degrading microbial from anaerobic sequencing batch reactor which treating the azo dye-containing wastewater for more than 200 d was immobilized on spent granular activated carbon(GAC)through attachment.The GAC-biofilm configured packed column system showed the ability to decolorize...     

Sr_(10)Bi_6O_(24-y)的制备及其光催化活性研究

以S(rNO3)2和Bi2O3为原料,采用高温固相法在900℃煅烧2h合成了纯度较高、钙钛矿型Sr10Bi6O24-y。使用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜和X射线光电子能谱对Sr10Bi6O24-y进行了表征。实验结果表明,Sr10Bi6O24-y光催化具有较强的光催化活性,其降解酸性红G的反应动力学符合一级反应。     

污染源以及环境空气中乙酸含量的测定

通过实验建立了测定污染源及环境空气中乙酸的气相色谱分析方法,给出各项指标。实验结果表明该方法分析结果准确、简单实用。并且以PTA装置气体中不同介质组成为例,探讨了含乙酸可燃气含量的测定方法。