试油测试燃烧器噪声场的计算

在试油测试期间,燃烧器喷射和燃烧产生的噪声会对人员和坏境造成较大的危害,故有必要对燃烧过程中噪声预测展开研究,其结果对于评估平台燃烧噪声危害、优化作业设计及进一步采取降噪措施有重要意义。结合测试燃烧器实际情况提出相应声学计算模式。基于经典燃烧噪声理论及流体动力学噪声的Lighthill理论,通过相似准则的量纲分析方法推导出喷射及燃烧噪声计算公式,并通过声波叠加原理得到声源噪声。同时考虑指向性、扩散衰减、空气吸收、水喷淋消音等减噪因素建立测试燃烧器的噪声计算模型。结合测试燃烧器高压喷射的湍流及多相流特点开展CFD数值模拟计算,数值模拟计算噪声声压级结果与噪音模型计算结果吻合较好。通过该噪声模型计算结果与现场实测数据及某西方公司软件计算结果比较,表明该计算模型可以较好的应用于测试燃烧器噪声预测。     

喷淋清洗在汽包清洗中的应用

介绍了汽包喷淋清洗、喷淋管的制作、安装及喷淋清洗的方法。对汽包喷淋清洗中所存在的问题和现象进行了讨论。     

基于FLUENT的掘进机外喷雾降尘系统相似参数的探讨

以某型纵轴式掘进机的喷雾系统为工程对象,研究系统的关键技术参数,运用量纲分析法推导出系统的相似准则得到相似比关系构建相似优化数学模型,利用Pro/E、GAMBIT工具箱、FLUENT进行建模、系统网格划分及仿真至迭代收敛,得到相似优化设计前后喷雾系统的相关实验数据与图形,最后在Tecplot中实现数据的后处理。通过仿真分析,验证了基于相似参数优化设计的喷雾系统模型的可行性,为掘进机喷雾系统的参数优化提供了一个新的思路和方法。     

袋式除尘器在燃油锅炉上的应用

从设计理念和实践2个方面介绍了袋式除尘器在煤油锅炉上的应用，为其在电力行业的推广应用提供了经验。     

烟气湿法脱硫装置吸收塔抗震计算与研究

通过研究火电厂烟气湿法脱硫喷淋式吸收塔的抗震计算理论,结合工作实际,提出吸收塔抗震计算的简化方法。     

Ecological recovery of vegetation at a former industrial sludge basin and its implications to phytoremediation

Examination of a former industrial sludge basin containing organic pollutants showed that the basin had undergone substantial ecological recovery through natural forces following the removal of surface water in 1982. Conventional phases of ecological recovery (plant invasion and succession) have occurred, but the structure of the biodiverse plant community (51 species and 22 families) was different from that at a recovering non-polluted disturbed site. Three plant species (Bermuda grass, mulberry, and sunflower) believed to be early invaders of the basin still persist in large numbers indicating that these species are well suited to cope with normal environmental stresses at this area (i.e. seasonal drought and flood) as well as organic pollutants. There was an indication that early invaders of the site fostered disappearance of contaminants thereby creating more favorable conditions for a broader spectrum of plants to grow. Vegetation analyses of naturally vegetated hazardous waste sites hold promise as a screening device for identifying plant species and management practices worthy of further phytoremediation investigations.     

海岛应急保障设备防潮防尘防盐雾一体化微环境控制技术及性能验证

目的 研发防潮防尘防盐雾一体化微环境控制技术与过滤设备,为延长海岛应急保障设备寿命提供技术支撑。方法 通过对比过滤器入口与出口湿度的变化情况,评估其防潮性。在试验棚下测试开启和未开启过滤设备过程中灰尘浓度的变化情况,测试其防尘性。利用吸气法采集过滤器前后端盐雾浓度,对比其过滤效率。利用高精度铜腐蚀片还原法,表征过滤前后盐雾浓度对腐蚀性的影响情况。结果 采用防潮防尘防盐雾一体化控制技术后,相对湿度由94%降至72%,粉尘质量浓度降低至3 mg/m³以下,环境腐蚀等级由G2降至G1,盐雾浓度水平由Sc3降至Sc1。结论 防潮防尘防盐雾一体过滤技术具有良好的防潮、防尘以及防盐雾效果,可为海洋服役环境下的应急保障设备优化使用环境,保障其安全运行。     

简易喷淋在“三合一”场所消防整治中应用的思考

家庭作坊式或出租屋式的“三合一”场所投资少回报快,成为一些小型私营企业创业初期的首选,但“三合一”场所消防安全条件差火灾频发,尤其是导致人员伤亡的火灾长期高发不下。例举了近年来我国一些“三合一”场所的火灾案例,分析了我国各地采取的“三合一”场所消防安全整治的方法及效果。针对该类场所消防安全整治中难监管、易回潮的特点,提出了在“三合一”场所中推广应用简易自动喷淋系统,革新技防手段的措施,强调了应用简易自动喷淋系统在使用范围、自动报警、喷头选择方面应注意的事项。     

表面活性剂对细水雾雾流密度影响的实验研究

为探讨表面活性剂对细水雾雾流密度的影响,以十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠为研究对象,采用量杯法测量细水雾雾流密度值,分析表面活性剂对细水雾雾流密度影响,研究不同工作压力下含表面活性剂细水雾雾流密度变化规律。研究表明:表面活性剂作用下,溶液表面张力系数降低,表面能耗降低,雾场中心雾流密度减小,细水雾扩散性能得到有效改善,雾滴分布更均匀。工作压力对普通细水雾雾流密度有明显影响,工作压力越大,雾场中心区雾流密度越小,喷雾半径越大;对含表面活性剂细水雾雾流密度影响较小,中心区雾流密度变化较小。     

Heavy gas dispersion by water spray curtains: A research methodology

The mitigation of the consequences of accidental releases of dangerous toxic and/or flammable cloud is a serious concern in the petro-chemical and gas industries. Nowadays, the water-curtain is recognized as a useful technique to mitigate a heavy gas cloud. The paper presents a research methodology, which has been established and undertaken to quantify the forced dispersion factor provided by a water-curtain with respect to its configuration.

The method involves medium-scale field tests, Wind-Gallery tests and numerical simulations. These different approaches are discussed and exemplified by typical results emphasizing the observed concentration reduction due to the water-curtain.