大型原油储罐热喷涂防腐蚀技术的应用

金属热喷涂技术是一种有效的长效防腐蚀手段,常用于金属结构的腐蚀防护。从钢结构腐蚀及热喷涂长效防护的角度,阐述了在大型原油储罐建设中使用热喷涂防腐蚀技术的可行性和经济性,并对其热喷涂防腐蚀工艺作了简要说明。     

空塔钠碱法烟气脱硫实验研究

在内径200mm,高度1100mm的喷淋塔内,采用Na2CO3作为吸收剂进行SO2吸收实验,重点研究了液气比(L/G)、空塔气速、进口SO2质量浓度、吸收液pH及初始浓度对脱硫效率的影响。通过实验得到该系统适宜操作条件:吸收液pH值在6.5～7.5之间,液气比在1～1.5之间,吸收液初始浓度5%,空塔气速1.6m/s,在此条件下,进口SO2质量浓度在3000mg/m3以内,脱硫效率可以达到80%以上。     

Characterization of a medium velocity deluge nozzle for offshore installations

It is important to study the characteristics of the nozzle of the deluge spray to comply with the standards developed by the petroleum industry for offshore installations in Norway. Due to the stochastic nature of the decomposition processes and geometrical features within the nozzle, the deluge spray has a complex flow field. Since the flow field determines the performance of the spray, the present study performs an experimental characterization of a medium velocity deluge nozzle for validation of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models. The experiment was conducted for a maximum supply water pressure of 8.0 bar (g), which is identical to the operating pressures of offshore installations. Formerly, characterization studies of deluge or sprinkler spray were mostly targeted on residential usage with lower supply water pressures. I utilized a laser-based shadow imaging system to capture high-speed images, which were later processed in MATLAB. A linear patternator was used to validate the results of the shadow imaging technique. The geometrical features of the deluge nozzle played an important role in determining the characteristics of the spray. In addition, the supply water pressure significantly affected the size and velocity distributions of the droplets, applied density (volume flux), and area coverage. However, the Sauter mean diameter did not vary significantly with the azimuthal or radial position of the droplet within the inner region of the spray. The measurements obtained in this study can be used to estimate the extinguishing efficiency of a deluge system for offshore installations with elevated supply water pressures. Deviations between measurements with shadow imaging and patternator technique are discussed and discrepancies are discussed.     

喷雾干燥法在垃圾焚烧尾气净化中的应用

以枣庄市资源电厂为例,介绍了喷雾干燥法在垃圾焚烧尾气净化中的应用。     

A Microcosm Approach to the Detection of the Effects of Herbicide Spray Drift in Plant Communities

It is often difficult to measure and predict the impacts of toxic chemicals, such as herbicides, on natural communities. This is especially true under conditions of spray drift when the amount received by the organisms downwind from the sprayer may be at sub-lethal doses. Laboratory experiments are either artificial, or have not been generally carried out over long enough time periods, to be realistic. Field experiments are often difficult because of the high variability inherent in natural populations. Here an intermediate microcosm approach was used, where standardized artificial communities (eight dicotyledons with and without a grass) were tested. The artifical communities included species typical of British woodland margins, hedgerows and field margins; communities with a high conservation interest, yet potentially under threat from spray drift. The microcosms were placed downwind of a sprayer and exposed to one of the following herbicides: glyphosate, mecoprop and MCPA. This approach ensures that the communities were standardized at the start and have been exposed to realistic doses of herbicide. The experiments reported here were carried out for at least three years with exposures to herbicides repeated each year. The effects of differential herbicide exposure downwind of the sprayer were measured on species yield, flowering performance, seed production, seed viability and invasion by new species. Responses were extremely variable, but all species showed some effects in some years. Some patterns emerged. For example, one group of species appeared to be more successful near to the sprayer. This was particularly true of the grass when exposed to MCPA and mecoprop. The performance of most species was reduced under the sprayer, and there was a general recovery with increasing distance downwind. A few species showed increased performance in the intermediate downwind zone (2–4 m) and this may be due to a hormonal effect on growth processes, or an effect of reduced interference from other community members. Generally, there were few effects on seed production or seed viability. An important result was that most effects were confined within an 8 m zone, as there were few significant differences between plants exposed at 8 m and those untreated. Although damaging effects were found in the immediate downwind zone from the sprayer, the restriction of effects to 8 m suggests that a buffer zone of this size would be adequate to protect sensitive habitats from most deleterious impacts on community processes.     

水泥厂烟气低温脱硫技术初探

水泥生产过程中燃煤产生的二氧化硫是当今主要的大气污染物 ,对水泥厂排放的废气进行治理是环境保护的重要课题之一。本文介绍了对水泥厂烟气进行低温脱硫的研究成果 ,阐述了喷雾干燥技术用于水泥厂废气脱硫的原理、设计方法     

碱熔工段碱雾污染治理的技术措施

叙述了磺化法生产苯酚碱熔工段碱雾污染治理的技术措施 ,指出在原碱雾回收流程中的旋风分离器上部设置喷淋吸收装置 ,并采用 5 %～ 10 %的氢氧化钠碱液吸收碱雾 ,可取得明显的治理效果     

氟碳涂料实验室循环盐雾试验后防腐蚀行为研究

目的 研究氟碳重防腐涂层在循环盐雾试验后的防护性能.方法 开展氟碳涂层的实验室循环盐雾试验,通过电化学阻抗谱、附着力、光泽、色差测试等方法对氟碳涂层的各性能进行分析表征,并使用等效电路图对电化学阻抗谱数据进行拟合,评价涂层在盐雾试验后的腐蚀保护性能.结果 循环盐雾试验1440 h后,涂层无失光、变色、粉化等现象,模值由1.42×1011?·cm2下降至7.26×1010?·cm2,下降幅度较小.结论 经循环盐雾试验后的氟碳涂层仍具有优异的防护性能.     

中小型锅炉烟气汽流喷雾干燥法脱硫的研究

以４ｔ 链 条炉为 对象，研究 了中小 型燃煤锅 炉的 汽流 喷雾 干燥 法脱 硫，着 重 研究 了汽 流 式雾化器、气体分布 器、脱硫 塔及其配 套设备， 确定了最 佳操作 条件。结 果表明：气 液比 为２０ ～３０ ，蒸汽压力为 ０６ ～０７ Ｍ Ｐａ ，吸 收剂 计量 比为 １１ ～１６ ，烟 气中 Ｓ Ｏ２ 去 除率 可达 ７６ ％ ～９７ ％ ，不 发生粘壁、粒子结块 现象     

锚杆锈蚀对锚喷支护安全性影响分析

通过分析锚杆的锈蚀作用机理，了解锚杆锈蚀对锚喷支护安全性的影响，分析结果说明，以砂浆锚杆为主体的锚喷支护安全能满足永久支护的要求，且锚杆支护与喷射混凝土支护作用是相辅相成的，但锚喷支护不当的施工可能引起锚喷支护的永久性受到很大影响。