高速电机驱动的空气循环制冷技术研究

空气循环制冷技术是一种常用的制冷技术,广泛应用在地面设备空调通风和飞机环境控制系统等诸多领域,保障人员的舒适和设备的安全.高速电机驱动的空气循环制冷技术是高速电机驱动技术与空气循环制冷技术结合产生的新型技术构想,采用该技术的空气循环系统具有结构简单、节约能源等优点.通过介绍该技术方案的工作原理,分析了高速电机驱动技术在空气循环制冷系统中应用的可能性及其实现手段.研究表明,高速电机驱动技术将为空气循环制冷技术的发展带来较大的影响.     

空中交通管制中人的可靠性模糊综合评价研究

人是空中交通管制系统中最灵活、最具适应性和最有价值的因素,而其行为也是最易受到不利影响的.由于空中交通管制中产生的人为失误,往往会导致航空器空中危险接近,严重的后果甚至会酿成空难.笔者从人-机-环境系统工程的观点出发,提出了空中交通管制中人的可靠性评价的指标体系结构模型.从人自身因素、软件、硬件、环境等方面指出了影响空中交通管制中人的可靠性的心理、空中环境等17个子因素.运用模糊数学的方法,建立空中交通管制中人的可靠性定量评价模型,并用实例进行了验证.研究表明,该方法应用于空中交通管制中人的可靠性评价是一种新的尝试,其评价结果可为各级领导机构提供航空安全管理的决策依据.     

一种用于空气压缩机的空气消声过滤器

介绍了组合式空气消声过滤器的用途、结构、工作原理和使用效果,它是空气压缩机前级的专用理想设备,推广使用后可获得良好的综合效益。     

铁路车站X射线行李包检查系统放射防护情况调查

为调查铁路车站X射线行李包检查系统放射防护水平,2017年至2019年对6个铁路车站3种型号检测系统的行李包入口和出口,系统上盖板、左侧、右侧5个位置的空气比释动能率进行620台次检测.结果显示,620台次检测的空气比释动能率检查结果均合格,不同型号、不同检测位置空气比释动能率有统计学差异,其中C型5个检测位置的空气比...     

利用地理信息系统(GIS)开发多功能空管系统

在航空运输中,飞行安全最为重要,空管指挥是保证飞行安全的重要手段.地理信息系统(GIS)能够将空间位置和性质属性结合在一起,非常适合空管指挥中直观性、安全性方面的需要.笔者在研究开发多功能空管系统的基础上,讨论了对地形、地物、航道、空管区、禁飞区等进行数字化的方法,提出了系统开发的主要技术,介绍了多功能空管系统的显示、控制、示警、辅助决策、智能纠错等功能,指出了空管系统的发展方向.     

某矿区老硐口毁闭爆破空气冲击波效应的评价

本文就某金矿区在对非法开采的平硐进行毁闭爆破时产生的空气冲击波的效应进行了分析评价,指出空气冲击波对附近村庄民房不构成破坏,只是由于强烈的爆破噪音给人以恐怖感,干扰了附近居民宁静正常的生活和生产。     

Designating Air Quality Management Areas (AQMAs) in the UK Implications for Securing UK Air Quality Objectives

Across the United Kingdom, the majority of local authoritieshave now completed their first phase of local air qualityreview and assessment work, as required under the AirQuality Strategy for England, Scotland, Wales and NorthernIreland (DETR, 2000a). Emerging from this first phasework is an anticipated suite of over 110 Air QualityManagement Areas (AQMAs). These areas are identifiedlocations where one or more of the national air qualityobjectives are predicted to exceed by specific target dates,and their spatial extent and shape is emerging as highlyvariable. Local authorities are guided to use a variety ofscientific tools to underpin the scientific assessments, anda consideration of uncertainty in both the tools used andsubsequent delineation of AQMAs is likely to affect theemerging management areas significantly. With subsidiarity underpinning the process of local air qualitymanagement (LAQM), local decision-making is anticipated toinfluence the outcome of the LAQM process in its entirety,with the declaration of AQMAs necessitating the preparationand implementation of air quality action plans. UKexperience of the effective management of local air quality,through the designation of AQMAs, demonstrates a valuableframework for other European countries developing mechanismsto manage air quality locally.     

Elimination of Methanol and Ethanol by Biofiltration: An Experimental Study

This study presents the experimental results obtained during long-term operation of two biofilters treating two alcohols: methanol and ethanol. The biofilters used for this purpose were previously packed with a compost material made from tobacco processing residues. The alcohols concentrations tested lay between 0.40 and 3.20 g/m³ for methanol, and 0.55 and 5.05 g/m³ for ethanol. The empty bed residence time in each biofilter was 60 s. Biofilter inlet loads of less than 190 and 300 g/m³/h for the methanol and ethanol additions respectively, were thereafter evaluated. In addition, the concentrations of nutrient nitrogen were also varied, from 0.1 to 2.0 g-N/l and from 0.3 to 11.3 g-N/l for the ethanol and the methanol, respectively. The results thus obtained have made it possible to select the optimal nitrogen concentrations which, for the cases examined, turn out to be 0.3 g-N/l and between 2 and 3.8 g-N/l for the ethanol and methanol substrates, respectively. The maximum elimination capacities obtained in this study were 82 and 150 g/m³/h, respectively for the methanol and ethanol cases. It was therefore concluded that, for a readily biodegradable compound such as ethanol, the nitrogen requirement is substantially lower than that needed for the methanol degradation, the latter appearing to be more difficult to degrade biologically under similar operating conditions. The production rate of the co-product carbon dioxide during methanol and ethanol biofiltration was also investigated. Also, a good correlation was found to exist between the temperature and the conversion achieved in the biofilter.     

Air assimilative capacity-based environment friendly siting of new industries--a case study of Kochi region, India

Air pollution has become a matter of grave concern, particularly in mega-cities and urban areas, where the situation is alarming and becoming more and more severe day-by-day and warrants, therefore, careful planning to facilitate future industrial development. Site selection, with the objective of minimizing adverse environmental impacts based on environmental criteria is a vital prerequisite, particularly for air polluting industries. In order to locate any air polluting industry, the assimilative capacity of the region needs to be assessed carefully and planned accordingly, so that the receiving environment is not adversely affected. Assimilative capacity of a region/airshed, widely represented through the ventilation coefficient by many researchers in the past, does not give a clear picture about the amount of emission load that can be assimilated in a given region. The ventilation coefficient, at best, can only present a broad picture about the air pollution dispersion potential (low, medium or high) of the region. A modified approach, which utilizes air quality modelling as a tool to estimate the maximum allowable emission load that a region can assimilate without violating the stipulated standards, has been used for estimating the assimilative capacity of the air environment. Details of this approach have been presented in this paper through a case study carried out for the Kochi region, located in the Kerala State of India. A variety of emission and meteorological scenarios have been considered and critical emission loads have been estimated. This approach shall provide necessary technical guidance to the environmental regulatory authorities as well as to the industries in planning environment friendly industrial development.