全文获取类型
收费全文 | 206篇 |
免费 | 9篇 |
国内免费 | 70篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 4篇 |
废物处理 | 10篇 |
环保管理 | 22篇 |
综合类 | 83篇 |
基础理论 | 54篇 |
污染及防治 | 80篇 |
评价与监测 | 29篇 |
社会与环境 | 3篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 1篇 |
2023年 | 8篇 |
2022年 | 9篇 |
2021年 | 11篇 |
2020年 | 5篇 |
2019年 | 5篇 |
2018年 | 7篇 |
2017年 | 2篇 |
2016年 | 9篇 |
2015年 | 6篇 |
2014年 | 7篇 |
2013年 | 29篇 |
2012年 | 17篇 |
2011年 | 22篇 |
2010年 | 7篇 |
2009年 | 17篇 |
2008年 | 12篇 |
2007年 | 6篇 |
2006年 | 21篇 |
2005年 | 11篇 |
2004年 | 8篇 |
2003年 | 11篇 |
2002年 | 11篇 |
2001年 | 10篇 |
2000年 | 11篇 |
1999年 | 2篇 |
1998年 | 5篇 |
1997年 | 1篇 |
1996年 | 3篇 |
1995年 | 3篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
1992年 | 2篇 |
1991年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有285条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
Mackay D Foster KL Patwa Z Webster E 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2006,13(1):2-8
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1065/espr2006.01.002
Background Davide Calamari and his colleagues were among the first to appreciate that vegetation could play a key role in determining
the fate and effects of organic contaminants. They conducted pioneering experiments to investigate the uptake of contaminants
by plants from the atmosphere and they sought to model the observed phenomena. In the nearly two decades since there has been
a marked increase in understanding of these phenomena as a result of both experimental and modelling studies.
- Goal. In this study we briefly review our current understanding of chemical partitioning between foliage and air. A model
in both fugacity and concentration format is described, based on that of Tolls and McLachlan (1994), in which the leaf is
treated as consisting of two layers, a waxy cuticle with an underlying 'reservoir' layer, the cuticle being surrounded by
an air boundary layer and containing stomata that provide direct access from the air to the 'reservoir'. The model quantifies
the dynamic penetration of a defined chemical into a defined leaf as a function of time.
Main Features The model is applied for illustrative purposes to a hypothetical but typical leaf for a set of illustrative chemicals to
demonstrate the effect of changes in physical-chemical properties and leaf characteristics.
Discussion The results are compared qualitatively with a variety of field and laboratory studies of foliage uptake and clearance of
chemicals.
Conclusion It is concluded that the model yields results that are generally consistent with observations. It is suggested that with
appropriate parameterisation and validation, the model can contribute to an improved understanding of the process of foliage
uptake from the atmosphere and to the development of an improved predictive capability. 相似文献
62.
Targeting Water Reuse with Multiple Contaminants 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
63.
Assessment of contamination and biomarker responses in two species of herons on the St. Lawrence river 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Champoux L Rodrigue J Desgranges JL Trudeau S Hontela A Boily M Spear P 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2002,79(2):193-215
This study was undertaken to validate potential biomarkers of exposure and effects due to chemical contaminants in breedingcolonies of the Great Blue Heron and the Black-crowned Night-Heron on the St. Lawrence River. Eggs and fledglings from both species were collected from many colonies along theRiver. The fledglings from colonies in freshwater and brackishwater were more contaminated by mercury and PCBs than those from estuarine and gulf colonies. With respect to fledglings ofthe two heron species, some morphometric and blood biochemicalmeasurements, including plasma thyroid hormones and retinol, were significantly different among colonies. Significant differences were also observed in liver retinoids, EROD and porphyrins among colonies. The results of this study suggestthat plasma retinoids and thyroid hormones are good biomarkersof exposure and effects, and are sufficiently sensitive to reflect local and regional variations in contamination. Along with the measure of contaminants in egg and plasma, they constitute non-invasive biomarkers which represent an importantcriteria for long term monitoring of wildlife species. It is concluded that the Great Blue Heron is an appropriate sentinelspecies in the surveillance network for the St. Lawrence River. 相似文献
64.
Hyland JL Balthis WL Engle VD Long ER Paul JF Summers JK Van Dolah RF 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2003,81(1-3):149-161
Synoptic data on concentrations of sediment-associated chemical contaminants and benthic macroinfaunal community structure were collected from 1,389 stations in estuaries along the U.S. Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coasts as part of the nationwide Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP). These data were used to develop an empirical framework for evaluating risks of benthic community-level effects within different ranges of sediment contamination from mixtures of multiple chemicals present at varying concentrations. Sediment contamination was expressed as the mean ratio of individual chemical concentrations relative to corresponding sediment quality guidelines (SQGs), including Effects Range-Median (ERM) and Probable Effects Level (PEL) values. Benthic condition was assessed using diagnostic, multi-metric indices developed for each of three EMAP provinces (Virginian, Carolinian, and Louisianian). Cumulative percentages of stations with a degraded benthic community were plotted against ascending values of the mean ERM and PEL quotients. Based on the observed relationships, mean SQG quotients were divided into four ranges corresponding to either a low, moderate, high, or very high incidence of degraded benthic condition. Results showed that condition of the ambient benthic community provides a reliable and sensitive indicator for evaluating the biological significance of sediment-associated stressors. Mean SQG quotients marking the beginning of the contaminant range associated with the highest incidence of benthic impacts (73–100% of samples, depending on the province and type of SQG) were well below those linked to high risks of sediment toxicity as determined by short-term toxicity tests with single species. Measures of the ambient benthic community reflect the sensitivities of multiple species and life stages to persistent exposures under actual field conditions. Similar results were obtained with preliminary data from the west coast (Puget Sound). 相似文献
65.
66.
Hollamby S Afema-Azikuru J Waigo S Cameron K Gandolf AR Norris A Sikarskie JG 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2006,118(1-3):13-20
An animal’s suitability as a biomonitor of environmental change can be determined by biological, reproductive and ecological
characteristics determined at the class, order and species level. The animal’s habitat where the research is to be performed
and the form, function and structure of the environmental change being studied within that habitat also determines suitability.
Non-threatened populations of large, non-migratory, long-lived, seasonally-breeding tertiary avian predators, whose dietary
preferences are narrow and known, can be useful as monitors of environmental chemical contaminants. If chemicals are being
monitored, a quantifiable endpoint effect must be demonstrated in the species, or a similar species under experimental laboratory
conditions. Logistical and economic issues as well as public and regulatory authority acceptance should also be considered
when assessing the suitability of a species as a biomonitor. 相似文献
67.
Despite numerous reviews suggesting that microbial biosensors could be used in many environmental applications, in reality they have failed to be used for which they were designed. In part this is because most of these sensors perform in an aqueous phase and a buffered medium, which is in contrast to the nature of genuine environmental systems. In this study, a range of non-exhaustive extraction techniques (NEETs) were assessed for (i) compatibility with a naphthalene responsive biosensor and (ii) correlation with naphthalene biodegradation. The NEETs removed a portion of the total soil naphthalene in the order of methanol > HPCD > βCD > water. To place the biosensor performance to NEETs in context, a biodegradation experiment was carried out using historically contaminated soils. By coupling the HPCD extraction with the biosensor, it was possible to assess the fraction of the naphthalene capable of undergoing microbial degradation in soil. 相似文献
68.
Roger B. Yeardley Jr. 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2000,65(3):559-585
Selection of fish species for sampling to assess extent and potential effects of fish tissue contaminants is a criticalconsideration in the design of regional probability-designsurveys. The ideal species would be ubiquitous, bioaccumulatetoxic chemicals, and be prey of consumers of concern(piscivorous wildlife, humans). In first to third order streams,small short-lived forage fish (minnows (F. Cyprinidae), darters (F. Percidae), and sculpins (F. Cottidae), are more frequently found and therefore likely to be prey to more species ofwildlife than those of sportfish whose adults grow to a largesize (suckers (F. Catostomidae), trout (F. Salmonidae), bass, andsunfish (F. Centrarchidae), and carp). Targeting smaller foragefish should also produce a larger number of individuals persample on average than may be achieved with the larger species.An analysis of fish collected in 1993 and 1994 as part of theMid-Atlantic Highlands Assessment (MAHA) showed that, asexpected, forage fish were more ubiquitous than sportfishspecies. Analysis also revealed that, on a regional basis, forage fish bioaccumulated comparable levels to sportfish, ofsome widely occurring contaminants such as DDT, MeHg, and PCBs.Results indicated that smaller forage fish can be used asindicator species for a regional assessment for mostcontaminants (Zn being the one clear exception), that was notsignificantly different from one based on the larger species.Forage fish may therefore be an excellent choice as indicatorspecies for regional streams ecological risk assessment studies. 相似文献
69.
Anionic surfactant (AS) concentrations in wet up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (UASBR) sludges from five sewage treatment plants (STPs) were found to range from 4480 to 9233mgkg(-1)drywt. (average 7347mgkg(-1)drywt.) over a period of 18 months. After drying on sand drying beds (SDBs), AS in dried-stabilized sludges averaged 1452mgkg(-1)drywt., a reduction of around 80%. The kinetics of drying followed simple first-order reduction of moisture with value of drying constant (k(d))=0.051d(-1). Reduction of AS also followed first-order kinetics. AS degradation rate constant (k(AS)) was found to be 0.034d(-1) and half-life of AS as 20 days. The order of rates of removal observed was k(d)>k(AS)>k(COD)>k(OM) (drying >AS degradation>COD reduction>organic matter reduction). For the three applications of dried-stabilized sludges (soil, agricultural soil, grassland), values of risk quotient (RQ) were found to be <1, indicating no risk. 相似文献
70.
Christopher?H.?SchillingEmail author Piotr?Tomasik David?S.?Karpovich Bruce?Hart Sally?Shepardson Jagdeep?Garcha Paul?T.?Boettcher 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2004,12(4):257-264
Distillers dry grain (DDG) was derivatized either by carboxymethylation, glutaration, maleiation, phthallation, or succination in order to produce anionic materials suitable for complexation with soy protein isolate. Infrared spectroscopy confirmed that derivatization of DDG by all reagents was successful. Blending of derivatized anionic products with soy protein resulted in instant precipitation of gels. The gels were centrifuged, molded, and dried into solid pellets with tensile strengths as high as 1.67MPa, suggesting that these materials could be promising as biodegradable structural materials. Infrared spectroscopy suggested the possibility of complexes forming between soy protein isolate and each of the derivatized DDG samples. 相似文献