张集矿井下排水处理工艺设计

详尽介绍了煤矿井下排水处理工艺的设计状况，对其设计的运行状况、经济效益进行了分析，该设计对于煤矿井下排水有很强的实用性。     

Identification of polychlorinated planar chemicals in fishes from major watersheds near the Great Lakes

Fish from 18 major watersheds near the Great Lakes were collected in 1979, 1980, or 1981, and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for polychlorinated planar organic chemical residues. Isomers of 36 different chemicals were identified by mass spectral data but not quantitated. The list includes isomers of chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans.     

Methodological convergence as an issue within environmental cognition research

Two perspectives in the analysis of pointing and mapping tasks as the measure of representations of the large-scale environment are examined. These two perspectives are: (1) an individual difference approach; and (2) a cognitive representational approach. Convergence between methods assessing the same geographical/spatial knowledge is necessary as evidence for the existence of unified cognitive-spatial representations of the environment.Three sets of analyses interrelate performance on pointing and mapping tasks. In the first analysis, a confirmatory factor analytic model is applied to short tests of pointing and mapping accuracy to determine whether one or two factors are needed to account for covariation between the tests. In the second analysis, covariation among errors in pointing and mapping of specific locations is partitioned into general and specific method factors using the Schmid-Leiman procedure. In the third analysis, pointing errors for identical locations within the mapping and pointing tasks are directly compared on the basis of directional errors.The three analyses indicate that: (1) tests of pointing and mapping measure highly related abilities; (2) the targets used in pointing and mapping tasks are of differential importance in identifying general and specific method factors; and (3) there is little or no direct correspondence between directional errors made in pointing tasks and those occurring in mapping tasks for the same locations.When results of the three analyses are examined in relationship to criteria for convergence of pointing and mapping tasks, little evidence is found to suggest that directional errors in these tasks arise from a unified mental representation of the geographical environment. However, substantial predictable individual differences are apparent for both tasks.     

Monitoring a Recent Delta Formation in a Tropical Coastal Wetland Using Remote Sensing and GIS. Case Study: Guapo River Delta, Laguna de Tacarigua, Venezuela

The integrated use of remotely sensed data and GIS to monitor a rapid recent delta formation was undertaken in the Tacarigua Lagoon, a mangrove coastal protected wetland in the north-central coast of Venezuela. Recently, the resource value of coastal wetlands such as coastal lagoons and deltas, has brought about a need to protect and conserve these ecosystems. To that end, valuable resources such as these should be continuously monitored so that temporal changes in their environment can be analysed. The importance of determining the cause, extent, and spatial distribution of these changes can then be used in different aspects of environmental studies, land suitability analyses and for wise resource management. Aerospace data interpretation and a field survey were utilised to study the formation of the Guapo River delta within the Tacarigua Lagoon and to map the expansion that this depositional environment has undergone. A historical set of aerial photographs and a radar image, together with a GIS, were used to assess the growth of the delta from the beginning of its formation up to the present time.     

Environmental impact of polluted city canals — a case study from Colombo,Sri Lanka

The city canal of Colombo, an effluent canal running through the city, was monitored for its nitrogeneous species and toxic trace metal contents. The canal is the dumping ground for municipal garbage, human and animal excreta, organic waste matter, etc. However, nitrate content of the canal water remains low, indicating an incomplete nitrification process. Due to the existing pH and redox conditions, the nitrogen species are present in a chemically reduced form. Since the Pb, Cd, and Zn contents of the canal water are high, industrial contamination is obvious. The environmental impact of such a polluted canal is enhanced by the presence of a large number of drinking water wells in the vicinity of the canal.     

湿地退耕还湿与替代生计选择的农民响应研究——以三江自然保护区为例

通过对三江自然保护区核心区内6个村屯和实验区内5个村屯的310家农户家庭就退耕还湿和替代生计选择的问卷调查分析发现,在退耕还湿问题上,不同区域位置、年龄结构和耕地拥有量决定了他们对退耕还湿支持意愿的不同,表现在实验区内的农民和农民中的年轻人支持率要高,耕地在6~12hm²之间的农民支持率最低;农民反对退耕还湿的原因和农民接受退耕还湿的补偿选择都凝结着农民对现有耕地及补偿制度的思考。在替代生计选择上,当地居民没有明确的目标,多倾向于有保障的种植业调整。研究表明:农民对退耕还湿的支持主要取决于能否保证自身的经济利益,并且与农民的收入来源和谋生能力有关;替代生计发展的不健全和不稳定,使得农民仍把土地作为重要的生活保障。缺乏明确的退耕还湿补偿制度和替代生计引导是退耕还湿实施的制度障碍和政策缺失;基于当地农民考虑,提出了核心区生态移民、缓冲区传统农业改造和实验区多元化产业发展总体替代生计模式。     

江苏长江口毗邻海域污染现状及防治计划

介绍了江苏长江口毗邻海域的规划范围,对规划范围内的工业污染源排放量、城市与农村生活污染源排放量、农业污染源排放量进行了计算,得出江苏长江口毗邻海域污染物COD,TN,TP的主要来源,并提出了相应的污染防治计划。     

南水北调中线工程中的引江济汉补偿工程

引江济汉是南水北调中线引汉调水的补偿工程,按总体规划应结合当地水利规划建设,不宜修成封闭的“高架”水渠只向汉江下游补水。遵循节约资源、保护环境、推动发展的思路,引江济汉应以江苏江水北调模式,扩展和延伸为引江入汉济黄,取代南水北调中线二期扩建工程。①引江入长湖利用沮漳河下游河道输水,并改造荆州城市水系,破解血吸虫病传播扩散、泥沙入湖和水源污染三大环境风险;②引江入汉利用长湖调蓄提水至兴隆水库,节省渠道长度;③碾盘山梯级采取一级二站抽水蓄能开发方式,简化汉江干流反向输水工程,抽江至崔家营水库,引清调度改善汉江中下游水质,又为黄河下游增加水资源量提供稳定可靠的水源;④从“南襄隘道”唐河东侧修建鄂豫运河,将长江水不经丹江口水库直接送达方城去郑州济黄,推进构建一条纵贯南北的水运干线。     

黑龙江省煤炭城市生态环境问题及其防治对策

根据城市环境和城市生态的理论,对中国煤炭城市的生态环境状况进行了分析研究,指出了煤炭城市所存在的土地资源破坏与污染、水资源短缺、大气污染、环境质量恶化、生态绿化系统简化与缺乏及环保法实施等问题。论述了进行生态规划、污染预防、加强城市绿化及改善法律方面的制度设计和监管机制等是改善中国煤炭城市生态环境的有效调控措施。     

通海杞麓湖退塘还湖及生态修复工程研究

介绍了杞麓湖现状,在此基础上提出了退塘还湖及生态修复工程方程。具体提出了湖滨生态修复的范围、分区,主要技术经济指标,主要工程内容与规模,工程实施计划及对策措施,湖泊生态管理措施,对策建议等。