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21.
在可持续发展中推进我国生态型小城镇建设 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
随着我国城市化的发展,小城镇建设也成了城市化过程中的一个重要环节。建设好小城镇即是走出一条我国农村社会现代化,农村人口城市化的路子[2]。我国小城镇建设的环境问题[3],是缺乏环境规划和环保能力薄弱、生活污染严重、乡镇企业布局分散、村镇建设与周围环境亲和性差。针对目前小城镇建设存在的问题,从社会经济环境可持续发展的战略高度对小城镇的生态建设思路进行了有实际意义的讨论。 相似文献
22.
生态科学在现代景园设计中应用的发展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
现代风景园林设计越来越科学化,人性化,其核心就是引入了生态科学的系统思想和方法。通过对近现代西方景园设计中生态科学应用发展阶段的阐述,说明生态科学在景园设计中应用的发展过程。表明现代景园设计的发展方向就是生态系统科学与景观设计紧密结合的综合设计理念。 相似文献
23.
呼市大气环境质量的主要污染因子是悬浮颗粒物。文章通过分析TSP的构成,说明了生态建设与能源结构调整是根治TSP浓度过高的两个主要手段。文中采用大量统计数据,科学论证了治理工程,呼市的大气污染一定能得到根治。 相似文献
24.
/ The valleys of European piedmonts constitute changing narrow corridors within which water, matter, nutrients, energy, and species flow. The dispersion patterns of these flows have been significantly disturbed since the end of the 18th century. Thus, western European valleys have been changed into complex mosaics by implementation of socioeconomical programs. In order to define future actions allowing the preservation of this "ecocomplex" (Blandin and Lamotte 1988), it is necessary to gather precise information of the landscape dynamics. Hence, the study of the European river valleys must be based upon two major steps: (1)the analysis of the present landscape with suitable remote sensing techniques, allowing us to map the complex mosaic of narrow corridors; and (2) the analysis of temporal landscape development patterns since the first engineering works that have transformed the braided channel system. In this paper, the efficiency of the addition of two techniques is highlighted: (1) the "wavelet merging method" from multispectral and panchromatic SPOT images for the floodplain land-cover mapping, and (2) the historical reconstruction techniques from old maps and archive documents in order to analyze the cumulative impacts of engineering works on landscape diversity. To illustrate the method, a particularly complex case study is chosen: the Arc/Isere confluence (downstream from Albertville, Savoie, France). Remote sensing, field survey, and historical reconstruction allowed us to distinguish two types of spatial units: (1) the "functional sets" characterized by independent state factors (edaphic, hydrological, and topographic) and supporting a limited number of vegetation types (spontaneous or cultivated), and (2) the functional unit (= ecotope), which corresponds to a unique combination of vegetation type/functional set.KEY WORDS: Landscape ecology; Floodplains; Vegetation; Land use; Remote sensing; Historical reconstruction; Mapping; Merging methods; Human impacts; Alps; Isere river; France 相似文献
25.
Gerard McMahon Jerad D. Bales James F. Coles Elise M. P. Giddings Humbert Zappia 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2003,39(6):1529-1546
ABSTRACT: This paper presents the results of a study on the use of continuous stage data to describe the relation between urban development and three aspects of hydrologic condition that are thought to influence stream ecosystems—overall stage variability, stream flashiness, and the duration of extreme‐stage conditions. This relation is examined using data from more than 70 watersheds in three contrasting environmental settings—the humid Northeast (the metropolitan Boston, Massachusetts, area); the very humid Southeast (the metropolitan Birmingham, Alabama, area); and the semiarid West (the metropolitan Salt Lake City, Utah, area). Results from the Birmingham and Boston studies provide evidence linking increased urbanization with stream flashiness. Fragmentation of developed land cover patches appears to ameliorate the effects of urbanization on overall variability and flashiness. There was less success in relating urbanization and streamflow conditions in the Salt Lake City study. A related investigation of six North Carolina sites with long term discharge and stage data indicated that hydrologic condition metrics developed using continuous stage data are comparable to flow based metrics, particularly for stream flashiness measures. 相似文献
26.
环境是动物生存的基础,人类的活动对环境所造成的影响,直接导致动物种群数量的变动。通过渭河咸阳段气候、水质、水域面积、植物等环境因素的改变对野鸭数量分布影响的调查,表明环境的恶化导致了动物的生存受到威胁,数量减少,分布区域缩小。随着环境保护意识的增强,渭河流域的水土流失,水质污染、退耕还草等环境问题逐渐得到解决,动物的生活环境不断得到改善,其种群数量、分布范围随之增加。 相似文献
27.
本文主要介绍了刺参无公害养殖的基本要求和生态养殖方法。针对刺参养殖过程中面积的问题进行分析探讨,提出可持续发展建议。 相似文献
28.
a ), and nutrient availability (phosphorus and nitrogen). High variability in these limnological characteristics, particularly
among impoundments, obscured potential differences between impoundments and ponds. No significant differences were found in
chlorophyll or nutrient concentrations, and in only two cases were there differences in invertebrate production: gastropods
were significantly more abundant in impoundments than in ponds in June, and trichopterans were significantly more abundant
in impoundments than in ponds in July. For comparisons within impoundments and ponds, there were significant differences in
invertebrate abundance between habitats and between wetland types. For example, plecopterans, trichopterans, and gastropods
(all taxa combined) were consistently more abundant in shallow–Arctophila impoundments and ponds than in shallow–Carex impoundments and ponds. Thus, ponds and impoundments may differ significantly in invertebrate production, but we lack information
on the amount of different habitat types (i.e., center versus emergent vegetation, Carex versus Arctophila) used by these taxa within each water body type. It is a reasonable speculation, based on results of this study, that impoundments
and ponds may have similar value as feeding habitat for invertebrate-eating waterbirds. Thus the presence of impoundments
may be consistent with waterbird management goals on the Arctic Coastal Plain. 相似文献
29.
30.
土地开发整理是一项旨在提高土地生产力,改善农业生产条件和生态环境的活动,本文从目前黄河三角洲地区实际土地开发整理的情况分析,通过土地开发整理增加耕地面积,提高土地生产力,进一步呼吁对农业生态环境保护这一目标加强重视,形成一整套完整的土地开发整理生态绩效的评价体系和方法,以利于土地经济和土地生态的均衡发展。从生态学的角度对这一问题做出了比较全面的思考。 相似文献