全文获取类型
收费全文 | 150篇 |
免费 | 1篇 |
国内免费 | 8篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 1篇 |
废物处理 | 1篇 |
环保管理 | 18篇 |
综合类 | 15篇 |
基础理论 | 44篇 |
污染及防治 | 63篇 |
评价与监测 | 9篇 |
社会与环境 | 7篇 |
灾害及防治 | 1篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 2篇 |
2021年 | 5篇 |
2020年 | 6篇 |
2019年 | 1篇 |
2017年 | 3篇 |
2015年 | 3篇 |
2014年 | 13篇 |
2013年 | 5篇 |
2012年 | 14篇 |
2011年 | 15篇 |
2010年 | 9篇 |
2009年 | 9篇 |
2008年 | 9篇 |
2007年 | 5篇 |
2006年 | 8篇 |
2005年 | 6篇 |
2004年 | 8篇 |
2003年 | 3篇 |
2002年 | 1篇 |
2001年 | 2篇 |
2000年 | 2篇 |
1999年 | 6篇 |
1998年 | 1篇 |
1996年 | 5篇 |
1995年 | 2篇 |
1994年 | 3篇 |
1993年 | 2篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1985年 | 6篇 |
1984年 | 3篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有159条查询结果,搜索用时 93 毫秒
141.
In this study, a consistent basin-wise monthly time series of the atmospheric nutrient load to the Baltic Sea during 1850-2006 was compiled. Due to the lack of a long time series (1850-1960) of nutrient deposition to the Baltic Sea, the data set was compiled by combining a time series of deposition data at the Baltic Nest Institute from 1970 to 2006, published historical monitoring data and deposition estimates, as well as recent modeled Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) emission estimates. The procedure for nitrogen compounds included estimation of the deposition in a few intermediate reference years, linear interpolation between them, and the decomposition of annual deposition into a seasonal deposition pattern. As no reliable monitoring results were found for the atmospheric deposition of phosphorus during the early period of our study, we used published estimates for the temporal and spatial pattern of the phosphorus load. 相似文献
142.
Meier HE Müller-Karulis B Andersson HC Dieterich C Eilola K Gustafsson BG Höglund A Hordoir R Kuznetsov I Neumann T Ranjbar Z Savchuk OP Schimanke S 《Ambio》2012,41(6):558-573
Multi-model ensemble simulations using three coupled physical-biogeochemical models were performed to calculate the combined impact of projected future climate change and plausible nutrient load changes on biogeochemical cycles in the Baltic Sea. Climate projections for 1961-2099 were combined with four nutrient load scenarios ranging from a pessimistic business-as-usual to a more optimistic case following the Helsinki Commission's (HELCOM) Baltic Sea Action Plan (BSAP). The model results suggest that in a future climate, water quality, characterized by ecological quality indicators like winter nutrient, summer bottom oxygen, and annual mean phytoplankton concentrations as well as annual mean Secchi depth (water transparency), will be deteriorated compared to present conditions. In case of nutrient load reductions required by the BSAP, water quality is only slightly improved. Based on the analysis of biogeochemical fluxes, we find that in warmer and more anoxic waters, internal feedbacks could be reinforced. Increased phosphorus fluxes out of the sediments, reduced denitrification efficiency and increased nitrogen fixation may partly counteract nutrient load abatement strategies. 相似文献
143.
Climate Change Impact on Riverine Nutrient Load and Land-Based Remedial Measures of the Baltic Sea Action Plan 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
To reduce eutrophication of the Baltic Sea, all nine surrounding countries have agreed upon reduction targets in the HELCOM Baltic Sea Action Plan (BSAP). Yet, monitoring sites and model concepts for decision support are few. To provide one more tool for analysis of water and nutrient fluxes in the Baltic Sea basin, the HYPE model has been applied to the region (called Balt-HYPE). It was used here for experimenting with land-based remedial measures and future climate projections to quantify the impacts of these on water and nutrient loads to the sea. The results suggest that there is a possibility to reach the BSAP nutrient reduction targets by 2100, and that climate change may both aggravate and help in some aspects. Uncertainties in the model results are large, mainly due to the spread of the climate model projections, but also due to the hydrological model. 相似文献
144.
Gustafsson BG Schenk F Blenckner T Eilola K Meier HE Müller-Karulis B Neumann T Ruoho-Airola T Savchuk OP Zorita E 《Ambio》2012,41(6):534-548
A comprehensive reconstruction of the Baltic Sea state from 1850 to 2006 is presented: driving forces are reconstructed and the evolution of the hydrography and biogeochemical cycles is simulated using the model BALTSEM. Driven by high resolution atmospheric forcing fields (HiResAFF), BALTSEM reproduces dynamics of salinity, temperature, and maximum ice extent. Nutrient loads have been increasing with a noteworthy acceleration from the 1950s until peak values around 1980 followed by a decrease continuing up to present. BALTSEM shows a delayed response to the massive load increase with most eutrophic conditions occurring only at the end of the simulation. This is accompanied by an intensification of the pelagic cycling driven by a shift from spring to summer primary production. The simulation indicates that no improvement in water quality of the Baltic Sea compared to its present state can be expected from the decrease in nutrient loads in recent decades. 相似文献
145.
Aarno T. Kotilainen Laura Arppe Slawomir Dobosz Eystein Jansen Karoline Kabel Juha Karhu Mia M. Kotilainen Antoon Kuijpers Bryan C. Lougheed H. E. Markus Meier Matthias Moros Thomas Neumann Christian Porsche Niels Poulsen Peter Rasmussen Sofia Ribeiro Bjørg Risebrobakken Daria Ryabchuk Semjon Schimanke Ian Snowball Mikhail Spiridonov Joonas J. Virtasalo Kaarina Weckström Andrzej Witkowski Vladimir Zhamoida 《Ambio》2014,43(1):60-68
Integrated sediment multiproxy studies and modeling were used to reconstruct past changes in the Baltic Sea ecosystem. Results of natural changes over the past 6000 years in the Baltic Sea ecosystem suggest that forecasted climate warming might enhance environmental problems of the Baltic Sea. Integrated modeling and sediment proxy studies reveal increased sea surface temperatures and expanded seafloor anoxia (in deep basins) during earlier natural warm climate phases, such as the Medieval Climate Anomaly. Under future IPCC scenarios of global warming, there is likely no improvement of bottom water conditions in the Baltic Sea. Thus, the measures already designed to produce a healthier Baltic Sea are insufficient in the long term. The interactions between climate change and anthropogenic impacts on the Baltic Sea should be considered in management, implementation of policy strategies in the Baltic Sea environmental issues, and adaptation to future climate change. 相似文献
146.
This article focuses on the governing system of the mitigation of eutrophication in the Baltic Sea. Policies and measures of the Baltic Sea coastal countries, the macro--regional (HELCOM) level, and the level of the European Union are described and governance challenges explicated. We found that the main challenges at different governance levels include: differences between coastal countries in terms of environmental conditions including environmental awareness, overlaps of policies between different levels, the lack of adequate spatial and temporal specification of policies, and the lack of policy integration. To help to meet these challenges, we suggest closer involvement of stakeholders and the public, the improvement of the interplay of institutions, and the introduction of a “primus motor” for the governance of the mitigation of eutrophication in the Baltic Sea. 相似文献
147.
Anders Omstedt Christoph Humborg Janusz Pempkowiak Matti Perttilä Anna Rutgersson Bernd Schneider Benjamin Smith 《Ambio》2014,43(1):49-59
Past, present, and possible future changes in the Baltic Sea acid–base and oxygen balances were studied using different numerical experiments and a catchment–sea model system in several scenarios including business as usual, medium scenario, and the Baltic Sea Action Plan. New CO2 partial pressure data provided guidance for improving the marine biogeochemical model. Continuous CO2 and nutrient measurements with high temporal resolution helped disentangle the biogeochemical processes. These data and modeling indicate that traditional understandings of the nutrient availability–organic matter production relationship do not necessarily apply to the Baltic Sea. Modeling indicates that increased nutrient loads will not inhibit future Baltic Sea acidification; instead, increased mineralization and biological production will amplify the seasonal surface pH cycle. The direction and magnitude of future pH changes are mainly controlled by atmospheric CO2 concentration. Apart from decreasing pH, we project a decreasing calcium carbonate saturation state and increasing hypoxic area. 相似文献
148.
Strumińska-Parulska DI Skwarzec B Fabisiak J 《Journal of environmental radioactivity》2011,102(12):1105-1111
The aim of the paper was plutonium (238Pu and 239+240Pu) determination in seabirds, permanently or temporarily living in northern Poland at the Baltic Sea coast. Together 11 marine birds species were examined: 3 species permanently residing in the southern Baltic, 4 species of wintering birds and 3 species of migrating birds. The obtained results indicated plutonium is non-uniformly distributed in organs and tissues of analyzed seabirds. The highest plutonium content was found in the digestion organs and feathers, the smallest in skin and muscles. The plutonium concentration was lower in analyzed species which feed on fish and much higher in herbivorous species. The main source of plutonium in analyzed marine birds was global atmospheric fallout. 相似文献
149.
150.
Accidental Versus Operational Oil Spills from Shipping in the Baltic Sea: Risk Governance and Management Strategies 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Marine governance of oil transportation is complex. Due to difficulties in effectively monitoring procedures on vessels en
voyage, incentives to save costs by not following established regulations on issues such as cleaning of tanks, crew size,
and safe navigation may be substantial. The issue of problem structure is placed in focus, that is, to what degree the specific
characteristics and complexity of intentional versus accidental oil spill risks affect institutional responses. It is shown
that whereas the risk of accidental oil spills primarily has been met by technical requirements on the vessels in combination
with Port State control, attempts have been made to curb intentional pollution by for example increased surveillance and smart
governance mechanisms such as the No-Special-Fee system. It is suggested that environmental safety could be improved by increased
use of smart governance mechanisms tightly adapted to key actors’ incentives to alter behavior in preferable directions. 相似文献