绝缘结构综合应力加速寿命试验方法研究

针对绝缘结构在实际使用过程中受到综合应力因素的影响的特点,提出了一种基于综合应力的绝缘结构可靠性评估方法,可以有效地指导绝缘结构加速寿命试验的设计和实施。首先通过对绝缘结构进行失效机理及应力分析,确定影响绝缘结构寿命的主要应力,选取适当的综合应力加速模型。其次,确定各加速应力水平,进行综合应力加速寿命试验方案的设计。最后,基于失效数据对绝缘结构进行可靠性评估。     

新版资质认定评审准则对轨道交通类检验机构的影响

新版的《检验检测机构资质认定评审准则》及释义,于2016年8月1日起正式实施,具体条款减少到50条。文中具体提出了29个程序文件名称,对管理体系和程序文件进行了归纳。对目前在设备租赁、检验项目分包、内部校准等争议的问题,也进行了介绍。然后对检验检测机构现场评审的要点,进行了说明。最后指出获证后的机构要持续改进并有效运行管理体系,尤其要在资质认定标志、检验检测专用章使用方面的注意。     

基于LabVIEW设计的热延伸试验机

根据GB/T 5013.1和GB/T 2951.12的要求,对电线电缆的绝缘和护套需要进行热延伸试验。为了提高检测数据的准确性和可靠性,利用LabVIEW设计了热延伸试验机,不仅实现了数据采集、计算、存储及监控,还可以查看历史记录、实时报警等功能。该试验机控制界面设计友好,在线参数设定方便、扩展性强等优点,具有较高的实用价值。     

基于EIS的航空涂层老化研究

选用当量加速试验0~9周期的聚氨酯涂层试样进行电化学阻抗(EIS)测试。通过聚氨酯涂层的电化学信息,判断涂层表面、内部和金属基体的腐蚀状况,研究聚氨酯涂层的老化失效机制。     

Chemometric approach to evaluate element distribution in muscle,liver and fish bone of roach (Rutilus rutilus), silver bream (Blicca bjoerkna) and crucian carp (Carassius carassius) from Swarzędzkie Lake (Poland) using ICP-MS and FIAS-CVAAS techniques

The content of elements in fish tissues and organs from Swarz?dzkie Lake was investigated in order to evaluate the possible risk associated with their consumption by animals as well as humans. Samples of muscle, liver and fish bone of three fish species; roach (Rutilus rutilus), silver bream (Blicca bjoerkna) and crucian carp (Carassius carassius) were collected from seine catches undertaken as part of the biomanipulation of Swarz?dzkie Lake. Element concentration (Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Zn) was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), with the exception of Hg where the flow injection analysis system cold vapour atomic absorption spectrometry (FIAS-CVAAS) was applied. The study indicated a large variation in the occurrence of the investigated elements in different parts of the fish body. The highest content of Al and Zn was stated in all fish organs for each fish species. The majority of the applied statistical and chemometric methods (e.g., PCA, CA) refer to roach since we had a large number of data for this species. The obtained results were assessed in terms of their accuracy and precision using certified reference material of Fish Muscle ERM BB422.     

Is carbon dioxide emission convergence in the ten largest economies?

This study applies stationary test with a flexible Fourier function proposed by Enders and Lee (Enders, W. and J. Lee. 2012. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics 74:574–99) to test the validity of carbon dioxide emission to assess its convergence, and the rationality of the existing policies in the 10 largest economies of the world. We find that our approximation has higher power to detect smooth breaks than the linear method, as the true data generating process of carbon dioxide emission convergence is in fact a stationary nonliner process. We examine the validity of carbon dioxide emission from the nonlinear point of view and provide robust evidence that clearly indicates that carbon dioxide emission is convergence in most countries, not depending on their development pattern. It implies that the existing policies in most countries are rational, and the United States, Japan, and Germany need more efforts in reducing the carbon dioxide emission.     

长荡湖近61a降水量演化特征

基于王母观站和溧阳站1953~2013a系列年降水量资料,采用Spearman和Mann-Kendall非参数统计检验、连续小波变换等技术手段,分析了61a来长荡湖年降水量的演变特征。结果表明,长荡湖多年平均降水量为1 115.1 mm,年内降水量呈明显的季节性变化;年降水量总体呈减少趋势,但仍以正常年份居多,偏多与偏少年份相当;长荡湖湖区年降水量变化周期为9.5a;年降水量变化不存在突变。研究成果可为长荡湖湖区的洪水控制、水资源利用、水调度方案制订、应对气候变化提供科学依据。     

哑铃桩模型试验与承载力计算方法研究

对自主研发的哑铃桩进行了系列试验和理论分析。通过与不同截面形式的桩进行承载性能试验对比,分析了存在顶盘、扩头情况下的哑铃桩与传统单桩等桩型在不同外力荷载作用下的承载力差异,及其与桩端受力、荷载沉降等的关系。研究表明,本文模型试验中,周围填土是砂的条件下,哑铃桩桩端阻力分担了绝大部分的桩顶荷载,可把哑铃桩视作端承桩进行设计,其承载力较之其它桩型显著提高,且在达到桩基极限承载力时,其所对应的桩顶沉降较之普通预制桩明显减小。此外,还针对哑铃桩的构造特点提出了哑铃桩承载力计算公式,并通过与试验数据的对比,验证了其合理性。     

Application of semipermeable membrane device (SPMD) to assess air genotoxicity in an occupational environment

Semipermeable membrane device (SPMD) is a passive sampler that sequesters lipophilic contaminants, mimicking the bioconcentration in the fatty tissue of organisms. This study was designed to assess the use of SPMD and biological tests (Comet assay and Ames test) for air monitoring. For this purpose an occupational environment with expected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contamination (coke plant) was selected for a case study. The SPMDs were deployed in five occupational contaminated sites and in a control site. The SPMD dialysates were chemically analysed and examined for in vitro DNA-damaging activity in human cells (Jurkat) by Comet assay and for mutagenicity with the Ames test (TA98 strain, w/o S9). Total suspended particulates were also collected and analysed (GC–MS). No biological effect of SPMD extract was revealed in the control site. On the other hand, air samples collected with SPMDs within the coke plant showed variable degrees of genotoxic and mutagenic activity. The highest effects were associated with the highest PAH level recovered in the SPMDs extracts and in particulate samples.Results obtained support the sensitivity of biological tests associated to SPMD sampling for evaluating the health risk of potentially contaminated work environments highlighting the usefulness of SPMDs for environmental air quality monitoring.