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201.
202.
Yasminah Beebeejaun 《Local Environment》2013,18(8):777-789
ABSTRACTThe exploration and potential extraction of shale gas – better known as fracking – has emerged as one of the most contentious dimensions to local environmental politics in the UK. Local residents and environmental activists have raised concerns about health, noise, ground water contamination, seismicity, environmental amenity, and other impacts of the industry on communities. Despite the complexities of shale gas extraction, an emphasis on the local has shaped key dimensions of the debate around the appropriate location for well pads to the relative exclusion of other issues. This paper draws on fieldwork in Lancashire, UK, to reflect on the political construction of scale in order to explore how an emphasis on “the local” can restrict political debate over shale gas to narrow concerns with land-use planning thereby obviating a fuller engagement with wider questions concerning risk, energy policy, and climate change. It is concluded that a more nuanced conception of scale is necessary for understanding how concerns with shale gas are diminished rather than strengthened through the current planning policy and regulatory regime operating in the UK. 相似文献
203.
非盒属材料的荧光紫外灯曝露试验概述 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
荧光紫外灯曝露试验是非金属材料的人工气候老化试验的常用方法,本文着重介绍了荧光紫外灯曝露试验的原理、荧光紫外灯曝露试验设备的要求、主要的荧光紫外灯试验标准以及荧光紫外灯曝露试验应考虑的因素. 相似文献
204.
通过增设燃烧室、改进燃油喷嘴形式、烟气除尘方式 ,改变了燃烧状况 ,彻底解决了不完全燃烧现象 ,解决了冒黑烟及粉尘超标的问题 相似文献
205.
以中国南方著名的滇中和会理盆地砂页岩铜矿床宏观地质特征和硫同位素分析数据为基础,系统地研究了我国南方砂页岩铜矿床硫同位素组成特征。首次用筛分模式、分馏效应对硫同位素总体进行评分,结果表明硫主要有三个来源:有机质分解或还原流酸盐,占11.3%;地下水,占42.5%;热卤水,占46.2%。本研究为该类型矿床的成因、成矿地球化学环境及指导区域找矿勘探等提供了重要依据。 相似文献
206.
液膜法处理草浆纸厂黑液的工艺研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
采用液膜法对造纸黑液的处理工艺进行了研究,对于分离时间,乳水比,油内比,废水PH值,搅拌速率等因素与COD去除率的关系作了探讨,结果表明,在适宜的工艺条件和LMA-1-TOA-煤油-H2SO4组成的膜体系中,COD去除率可达98%左右,出水PH值接近中性。 相似文献
207.
造纸黑液固化技术及有机复合肥肥效试验研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
研究包括两项发明:黑液固化工艺和黑液固化物生产有机NPK复合肥。黑液固化采用交联技术,在常温常压下,向黑液中投加一定量的胶凝剂和交联剂,经搅拌、使黑液在短时间内由液变为固态;通过对固化物成份的分析,以黑液固化物为原料生产有机NPK复合肥,并与一般NPK复混肥进行水稻、花生的肥效对比试验,得出了以黑液固化物生产的有机NPK复合肥肥效优于一般NPK复混肥的结论。 相似文献
208.
《Chemosphere》2002,49(10)
The distribution coefficients (Kd) and desorption rates of 137Cs and 241Am radionuclides in bottom sediments at different locations in the Black Sea were studied under laboratory conditions. The Kd values were found to be 500 for 137Cs and 3800 for 241Am at the steady state and described exponential curves. Rapid uptake of the radionuclides occurred during the initial period and little accumulation happened after four days. The desorption rates for 137Cs in different bottom sediments were best described by a three-component exponential model. The desorption half-times of 137Cs ranged from 26 to 50 d at the slow components. However, the desorption rate of 241Am described one component for all sediment samples and desorption half-time was found to be 75 d. In general, the results showed that the 241Am radionuclide is more effectively transferred to bottom sediment and has longer turnover time than 137Cs under Black Sea conditions. 相似文献
209.
Carbonaceous aerosol emissions from India 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
D.C. Parashar Ranu Gadi T.K. Mandal A.P. Mitra 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2005,39(40):2828
Budget estimate for carbonaceous aerosols including black carbon (BC) and organic carbon, emitted from the combustion of various fuels, is very important for regional climate studies. Emission factors for carbonaceous aerosols from bio-fuels and soft coke were determined in a controlled combustion study. The emission factors thus obtained along with those available for other fossil fuels consumed in different sectors have been applied to assess the budget for carbonaceous aerosols from India. Preliminary calculations give a range of 1.6–1.8 Tg of carbonaceous aerosols that include 0.4–1.4 Tg of BC. A major (80%) portion of carbonaceous aerosols emitted from India is found to originate from the use of biomass for energy as 70–80% of energy requirement in rural India is met by combustion of traditional bio-fuels. 相似文献
210.
Jimnez Begoa Merino Rubn Abad Esteban Rivera Josep Olie Kees 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2007,14(1):61-68
Background Species that are at high levels of the food web have often been used as bioindicators to evaluate the presence of persistent
contaminants in ecosystems. Most of these species are long-lived, so pollutant burdens may be integrated in some complex way
over time. This makes them particularly sensitive to deleterious effects of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs). Birds have
been suggested as useful organisms for monitoring pollutant levels. Traditionally such studies have been carried out with
raptors such as osprey (Pandion haliaetus), peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus), bald eagle (Haliaetus leucocephalus), etc. In this paper we present the results of a monitoring study conducted on two raptor species, osprey (Pandion haliaetus) and red kite (Milvus milvus), inhabiting a Mediterranean island (Menorca, Spain). These two species have different feeding habits; ospreys prey on fish
and red kites feed on terrestrial species. This study constitutes a good opportunity to investigate if differences in feeding
habits (aquatic vs. terrestrial) influences the contaminants pattern in two species inhabiting the same area.
Methods The study was conducted in a non-destructive way, using only failed eggs, to avoid the damage of the population stability.
Eggs were collected during the period 1994–2000. The contaminants examined were dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs, including
DDT and its main metabolite, DDE), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), including ortho PCBs (PCBs with at least one Chlorine
atom in the ortho position): #28, 52, 95, 101, 123+149, 118, 114, 153, 132+105, 138, 167, 156, 157, 180, 170, 189, 194; and
non ortho PCBs (PCBs with no Chlorine atom in the ortho position): #77, 126, 169 and all the polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) with Chlorine atoms at the 2,3,7 and 8 position (2,3,7,8-substituted
PCDDs and PCDFs). The analysis of organochlorine compounds was performed using a sample treatment based on a Solid Phase Matrix
Dispersion procedure. Ortho PCBs and DDTs were determined by HRGC-μECD; non ortho PCBs and PCDD/Fs were determined by HRGC-HRMS.
Results and Discussion The sum of the ortho PCB congeners analysed ranged from 0.94 to 15.03 μg/g wet weight (ww) for ospreys and from 1.0 to 11.2
μg/g ww for red kites. In both species, PCB congeners #153, #138 and #180 accounted about 75% to total ortho PCB concentrations.
Regarding non ortho PCBs, for ospreys, concentrations ranged from 0.16 to 1.39 ng/g wet weight (ww) and for red kites from
0.12 to 0.51 ng/g ww, being congener #126 the most abundant. Concerning DDTs, concentration for ospreys ranged from 0.07 to
1.03 μg/g ww; and for red kites ranged from 0.90 to 2.10 μg/g ww, representing DDE more than 95% of the total DDTs, which
proves a past use of DDT in the study area. Differences in contaminant levels between species are probably associated to feeding
habits. The fish-eating species presents the highest PCB levels, whereas the terrestrial species exhibits the highest DDT
levels. PCDD/Fs in ospreys were in the range 2.6–14.2 pg/g ww, while in red kites the range was slightly wider (22.2–43.2
pg/g ww), being PCDDs the major contributors in black kites. Ospreys had PCDDs similar to PCDF concentrations. PCDD/F profiles
were mostly influenced by OCDD in both species. Non ortho PCBs were the major contributors to calculated Toxic Equivalent
Quantity (TEQs) in both species.
Conclusion In both species studied, ortho-PCBs could represent a problem of concern since 57% of the eggs exhibited levels higher than
4 μg/g ww, reported as the level that could cause reduced hatchability, embryo mortality, and deformities in birds.
Recommendations and Outlook Results found in this study suggest that a more detailed study to clear up possible deleterious effects of PCBs on the bird
populations studied here should be done.
Section Editor: Prof. Dr. Paola Gramatica (paola.gramatica@uninsubria.it) 相似文献