5%NaCl盐雾环境对铝合金铆接防护结构性能影响研究

目的研究2024铝合金在5%NaCl盐雾环境下的腐蚀疲劳性能。方法开展2024铝合金5%NaCl盐雾环境下的腐蚀疲劳试验,采用"疲劳加载-腐蚀环境"交替循环的试验模式,通过试验测试铝合金铆接结构在5%NaCl盐雾环境下的腐蚀疲劳寿命值,分析不同疲劳载荷大小对铝合金连接结构的腐蚀疲劳寿命影响。结果 5%NaCl盐雾环境对于铝合金铆接结构疲劳寿命有较大影响,疲劳载荷对防护涂层防护性能和腐蚀疲劳载荷的滞后效应等两方面影响,0.25P破坏载荷相较于0.3P破坏载荷,涂层防护作用影响更小,低载锻炼效应更强,腐蚀疲劳寿命降低量更少。结论 2024铝合金铆接结构耐腐蚀性能与结构载荷和防护涂层特性有重要关系。     

电感耦合等离子体-质谱法研究大气颗粒物中元素浓度

1　IntroductionAirborneparticulatematterisoneoftheimportantmarkersofairqualityandisanimportanthealthconcerninurbanareas,especiallywithrespecttoanumberofchronicrespiratorydiseases.Medicaldatasuggeststhatitisthisfractionofparticulatematterthatbecomesdeeplyi…     

Aphid alarm pheromone (E)-β-farnesene: A host finding kairomone for the aphid primary parasitoidAphidius uzbekistanicus (Hymenoptera: Aphidiinae)

Summary The present study aimed to test the possible function of the aphid alarm pheromone (E)--farnesene (EBF) as a host finding kairomone for aphid primary parasitoids. Extracts of volatile emissions of undisturbed aphids and of aphids under parasitoid attack were obtained by air entrainment. Extracts of cornicle secretions were gained by disturbing aphids and taking their secretions into solution. Extracts were compared by gas chromatography. Only air entrainments of aphids under attack and solvent extracts of cornicle secretions contained the alarm pheromone. In Y-tube olfactometer bioassays, femaleA. uzbekistanicus were attracted to aphid groups under attack of parasitoids, presumably by released EBF. High concentrations of synthetic EBF (1.4 µg to 5.7 µg) also attractedA. uzbekistanicus females. Females with oviposition experience reacted more readily to lower concentrations of EBF than females without experience. In experiments designed as Petri-dish bioassays, the test animals could contact filter paper discs that were treated with solutions containing EBF. Behavioural effects like antennation or stinging attack were not observed. With computer video analysis of parasitoid movements, some effects onA. uzbekistanicus behaviour were detected, again indicating attraction to EBF.As the volatile aphid alarm pheromone attractedA. uzbekistanicus females, it can be concluded that this chemical stimulus acts as a host finding kairomone for this parasitoid species. However, its effect over long distances seems to be limited due to the relatively high concentrations required for reactions. Of two other parasitoid species examined (P. volucre andL. testaceipes) onlyP. volucre was also significantly attracted to the volatile EBF in the Y-tube olfactometer.     

叠氮化钠对亚硝酸根分解能力的探讨

分析了采用叠氮化钠修正法测定水中溶解氧时，对水中亚硝酸根含量与叠氮化钠加入量的关系。     

Trisomy 5 mosaicism detected prenatally with an affected liveborn

This paper reports a case of chromosomal mosaicism for trisomy 5 recovered from amniotic fluid cells and from skin fibroblasts of a liveborn dysmorphic male. Routine amniocentesis was performed at 16 weeks' gestation because of parental concern. Trisomy 5 cells were measured from 25 per cent of amniocytes from two culture vessels. No further invasive testing was performed until 32 weeks' gestation, at which time ultrasound examination showed fetus with intrauterine growth retardation. Fetal blood sampling was then performed, with only karyotypically normal cells recovered. At birth, the child was found to have multiple dysmorphic features and congenital anomalies, including an eventration of the diaphragm and ventricular septal defect, both of which required surgical correction. Chromosomal analysis of cord blood lymphocytes indicated 46,XY; however, 20 per cent of the cultured fibroblasts obtained from the chest skin at the incision site for diaphragmatic repair had a 47,XY,+5 karyotype. Trisomy 5 mosaicism may be another example of tissue-limited mosaicism. Fetal blood sampling can then be falsely reassuring. Furthermore, because some cell lines rarely appear in lymphocyte populations, cytogenetic analysis of multiple tissues warranted as part of the evaluation of individuals with developmental delay and dysmorphic features.     

应用陆地卫星TM图象编制闽北土壤图(1:10万)的方法研究

以TM原图象合成的标准假彩色和似自然色图象作目视解译为主,根据土壤及其相关地物的野外光谱测定数据,分析其影象色调特征;用TM 7个波段原始黑白图象作对比解译,以预测不同地物的彩色合或效果并选择最佳合成方案;用TM6热红外图象作假彩色等密度分割处理,以提取随海而异的地面温度场和土壤类型垂直分带信息;用TM比值图象及其假彩色合成处理,以逐步增强并提取土壤信息;最后参照同比例尺地质图和地形图等相关资料,完成土壤图的编制。     

Effect of TiO2 surface properties on the SCR activity of NOx emission abatement catalyst

NOx emission abatement catalysts V2O5 supported on various TiO2 including anatase, rutile and mixture of both were investigated with various physico-chemical measurements such as BET, NH3-TPD, NARP, XRD and so on, and the effect of TiO2 surface properties on the SCR (selective catalytic reduction) activity of V20s/TiO2 catalysts was studied. It was found that the TiO2 surface properties had strong affect on the SCR activity of V2Os/TiO2 catalysts. The stronger acidic property resulted in the higher exposure of active sites as well as the higher SCR activity.     

Comparative study on pyrolysis of bamboo in microwave pyrolysis-reforming reaction by binary compound impregnation and chemical liquid deposition modified HZSM-5

The deactivation of catalyst is a significant reason for its limited application during the catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) process. To reduce the coke formation, binary compound impregnation (BCI) and chemical liquid deposition (CLD) were used to modify HZSM-5 catalysts. At the same time, the self-designed microwave reactor separated the pyrolysis of bamboo and catalytic upgrading of primary vapor, which made the catalytic effect more thorough. Experimental results indicated that CLD used TiO₂ deposition to cover external acid sites, while BCI by phosphorus-nickel could cover and partly destroy superficial acid sites through two different ways. Within the scope of the loaded amount studied, the yield of aromatic hydrocarbons in the oil phase increased at first and then decreased, while the coke formation reduced continuously. BTX (benzene, toluene and xylene), the most valuable product in bio-oil, drastically increased by 39.1% and 22.6% respectively over the CLD and BCI modified catalysts. Considering the catalytic performance as well as cost, CLD over HZSM-5 has more advantages in the CFP process to upgrade bio-oil.     

Surface characterization of metal oxides-supported activated carbon fiber catalysts for simultaneous catalytic hydrolysis of carbonyl sulfide and carbon disulfide

The sol–gel method was used to synthesize a series of metal oxides-supported activated carbon fiber (ACF) and the simultaneous catalytic hydrolysis activity of carbonyl sulfide (COS) and carbon disulfide (CS₂) at relatively low temperatures of 60°C was tested. The effects of preparation conditions on the catalyst properties were investigated, including the kinds and amount of metal oxides and calcination temperatures. The activity tests indicated that catalysts with 5 wt.% Ni after calcining at 400°C (Ni(5)/ACF(400)) had the best performance for the simultaneous catalytic hydrolysis of COS and CS₂. The surface and structure properties of prepared ACF were characterized by scanning electron microscope-energy disperse spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD), carbon dioxide-temperature programmed desorption (CO₂-TPD) and diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared reflection (DRFTIR). And the metal cation defects were researched by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) method. The characterization results showed that the supporting of Ni on the ACF made the ACF catalyst show alkaline and increased the specific surface area and the number of micropores, then improved catalytic hydrolysis activity. The DRFTIR results revealed that -OH species could facilitate the hydrolysis of COS and CS₂; -COO and -C–O species could facilitate the oxidation of catalytic hydrolysate H₂S. And the EPR results showed that high calcination temperature conditions provide more active reaction center for the COS and CS₂ adsorption.     

瘤胃微生物强化醋糟厌氧消化及其机制

针对醋糟中木质纤维素利用效率低的问题,通过接种瘤胃微生物可强化木质纤维素水解.采用逐步提升体系有机负荷的方式,考察瘤胃微生物生物强化对醋糟厌氧消化性能的提升效果,并运用绝对定量实时聚合酶链锁反应（Q-PCR）技术探究其微生物学强化机制.结果表明:长期连续运行成功塑造了高效的木质纤维素瘤胃强化体系.该体系的最高有机负荷达8.90 g/（L·d）（以VS计）,是强化前的1.53倍,该有机负荷下半纤维素和纤维素降解率分别达73.9%和40.1%,单位质量底物沼气和甲烷产量相应地分别达到451和261 mL/g（以VS计）,半纤维素和纤维素较高的降解率是该体系维持高产气性能的主要原因.生物相机制研究表明,瘤胃微生物强化体系中与木质纤维素水解密切相关的GH5（糖苷水解酶家族5）水解菌逐步富集,其基因拷贝数从初始的964×1010 copies/g升至最高有机负荷下的6.83×1011 copies/g,这是底物在高有机负荷下仍能被高效生物转化的根本原因.研究显示,瘤胃微生物的介入可有效强化体系底物的降解能力,促进醋糟产甲烷性能的提升.