关于CODcr与BOD5相关关系模型的探讨

假设CODNB／COD为一常数从BOD5与COD的构成及降解动力学出发，这一研究假设为基础，得到BOD5与COD的相关模型，应用上海东海啤酒厂糖化工段废水的实测数据和数理统计方法对模型进行了检验，表明其具有实用性，从而可从COD值快速预报BOD5值，此模型适用于所有城市污水，不同的废水，其斜率值不同。     

云南省东川区泥石流灾害SPOT5遥感影像特征

在东川区县(市)地质灾害详细调查过程中,SPOT5高分辨率卫星遥感数据对泥石流灾害具有较好的解译效果。通过对泥石流SPOT5遥感影像特征进行研究,建立了东川区泥石流遥感解译标志,并对沟谷型泥石流和坡面型泥石流进行识别,共识别了沟谷型泥石流168条,坡面泥石流95处。     

多级孔ZSM-5分子筛对亚甲基蓝的吸附性能

以多级孔ZSM-5分子筛为吸附剂,吸附水中的亚甲基蓝（MB）,考察了吸附条件对吸附效果的影响,并探讨了吸附的热力学和动力学特征。实验结果表明：在溶液pH为11、分子筛加入量为800 mg/L、吸附温度为303.15 K、吸附时间为60 min、初始MB质量浓度为20 mg/L的条件下,该分子筛对MB的吸附率达97%;溶液pH为5~12时,吸附率均达89%以上,说明该分子筛具有宽的pH适应范围;该分子筛对MB的吸附热力学符合Langmuir和Freundlich方程,293.15~313.15 K的饱和吸附量达50.51~62.11 mg/g,吸附为吸热、自发过程;吸附动力学符合拟二级动力学方程。     

黑箱理论用于甲醇废水的色谱分析

利用黑箱理论对色谱条件进行了优化。对于甲醇废水,由ＧＣ／ＭＳ定性,用ＧＤＸ－２０３＋５％聚乙二醇－２０Ｍ作固定相,ＦＩＤ检测。建立了分析甲醇废水中痕量级Ｃ１－Ｃ５醇的气相色谱分析方法。检测下限：Ｃ１－Ｃ３醇为１μｇ／ｍｌ,Ｃ４醇为３μｇ／ｍｌ。     

A study on the carrying capacity of the available habitat for the Rhinopithecus bieti population at Mt. Laojun in Yunnan, China

Background, aim, and scope  The Yunnan snub-nosed monkey is one of the most endangered primates in the world. It is experiencing a range of ongoing threats and the persisting effects of past disturbances. The prospects for this species are not very optimistic because habitat corridors are severely damaged by logging, grazing, and mining. Each group of the monkeys in different areas is facing a unique variety of threats. Based on genetic analysis, Rhinopithecus bieti should be separated into three management units for conservation, of which the Mt. Laojun management unit involves the most endangered primates. Despite the fact that the vegetation on Mt. Laojun is in a relatively pristine state, only two groups of monkeys, of a total of fewer than 300, survive in the area. With this paper, we aimed to address the capacity of the monkeys’ habitat at the study site and the possible reasons for the small populations. Materials and methods  Rapid ecological assessment based on a SPOT 5 image and field survey was used to simulate the vegetation of the whole area based on reference ecological factors of the GIS system. The vegetation map of the site was thus derived from this simulation. Based on the previous studies, the three vegetation types were identified as the suitable habitat of the monkeys. The confusion matrix-based field GPS points were applied to analyze the precision of the habitat map. Based on the map of suitable habitat of the monkeys, the utilization of the habitat and the carrying capacity were analyzed in the GIS. Results  The confusion matrix-based field GPS points were applied to the habitat analysis process, and it was found that the habitat map was 81.3% precise. Then, with the current habitat map, we found that the mixed forest currently used by the monkeys is only a very small fraction (2.65%) of the overall potential habitat of the population, while the dark conifer forest is 4.09%. Discussion  Poaching is the greatest short-term threat to this species, particularly in the southern range where local residents have a strong tradition of hunting. Quite a few individual monkeys are still trapped accidentally due to the high density of traps. These problems are hard to mitigate because it is difficult to enforce laws due to the extremely rugged terrain. Conclusions  The results show that there is a great ecological capacity of the area for the monkey’s survival and a great potential for an expansion of the monkey population at the site. Based on the current population and its geographical range, it can be estimated that the suitable habitat area defined by this study can support more monkeys, about many times the current population. Thus, at least in the Mt. Laojun Area, poaching pressure is the main factor to be responsible for the low density of Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys instead of habitat alteration. Recommendations and perspectives  Based on these results, some suggestions relating to conservation can be made: Focus conservation efforts on the current distribution area of the monkeys and create a 20 km buffer zone; design a long-term plan for the suitable habitat outside the buffer zone to set up a wildlife corridor in the long run; establish an association for the local hunters exploiting, their knowledge on the animals to promote monkey conservation and stop poaching. Also, the map derived from the study helps managers to allocate conservation resources more efficiently and enhances the overall outcomes of conservation measures.     

催化湿式氧化技术处理高浓度有机废水催化剂研究

以CuO为主话性组分,ZrO2为第二话性组分,并掺入电子助剂La2O3,研制出适用于催化湿式氧化处理高浓度乙酰基丁二酸二甲酯(DMAS)生产废水的复合催化剂.在固定床连续鼓泡式反应器装置上对高浓度DMAS生产废水进行处理,考察了各活性组分用量、焙烧温度、焙烧时间等条件对催化剂活性的影响,确定最佳制备条件为:采用ZSM-5为载体,Cu、Zr、La质量分数分别为4%、3%、2%,焙烧温度为550℃,焙烧时间为10 h.结果表明,优化制备的CuO-ZrO2-La2O3/ZSM-5催化剂,用于处理高浓度DMAS生产废水时具有较好的催化活性,在反应温度为240℃.反应压力为3.5 MPa,空速为2.0 h-1,气/水(体积比)=250:1,进水PH=7条件下,COD去除率达98.7%,而在相同条件下未加催化剂时,COD去除率只有35.8%.     

五氯酚(PCP)高效降解菌Psendomonas sp.CS5的研究

从曾受五氯酚(pentachlorophenol,简称PCP,下同)污染废水的活性污泥中,经驯化富集和分离筛选获得一株PCP降解菌,菌号为CS-W-98-5.在24h内该菌降解w(PCP)=400×10     

HDNPTT与镉显色反应的研究

应用合成的新试剂 1- (2 -羟基 - 3 ,5 -二硝基苯 ) - 3 - (4 -苯基 - 2 -噻唑 ) -三氮烯 (HDNPTT) ,研究了在表面活性剂TritonX - 10 0存在下 ,它与Cd2 的显色反应。结果表明 ,在 pH 8 0～ 10 0范围内 ,Cd2 与该试剂形成的配合物 ,其最大吸收峰位于 5 35nm处 ,摩尔吸光系数为 1 89× 10 5L·mol-1·cm-1。Cd2 在 0mg/L～ 0 32mg/L范围内符合比尔定律。此法用于环境水样和人发样品中微量镉的测定 ,结果满意。     

高藻含量水体中BOD_5监测方法探讨

分析了高藻含量水体中BOD5偏高产生的主要原因,是由于藻类光合作用使水中溶解氧大幅增高引起的.并进一步通过实验,验证了对于高藻含量水体中BOD5的监测,采用硫酸铝絮凝沉淀、离心分离后测定,可消除藻类干扰的有效性.     

Effect of cycle time on biodegradation of azo dye in sequencing batch reactor

The effects of cycle time on the biodegradation of the azo dye remazol brilliant violet 5R (RBV-5R) were investigated in an anaerobic–aerobic sequencing batch reactor (SBR). System performance was determined by monitoring chemical oxygen demand (COD), color, anaerobic enzyme (azo reductase) and aerobic enzyme (catechol 2,3-dioxygenase), and aromatic amine concentration. SBR was operated in three different total cycle times (48 h, 24 h and 12 h), fed with a synthetic textile wastewater. In this study, the anaerobic period of SBR was found to allow the reductive decolorization of azo dye and the aerobic period was found to be effective on further COD removal after the anaerobic period. The percentage reductions in color by the anaerobic stage of the SBR were at 72%, 89% and 86% for the 24-h, 12-h and 6-h cycle times, respectively. Total COD removal efficiencies were over 75% for all operational conditions and about 70% of the COD removal was achieved in the first 3 h of anaerobic stages. During the decolorization of RBV-5R, two sulfonated aromatic amines (benzene-based and naphthalene-based) were formed and detected by HPLC. Aerobic phases of SBR with total cycle times of 48 h, 24 h and 12 h were able to remove benzene-based aromatic amines with removal efficiency of 64%, 92% and 89%, respectively. The results indicated that the best SBR performance in terms of color removal and aromatic amine degradation was achieved from total cycle time of 24 h.