Cu-ZSM-5/堇青石催化剂上同时消除烃和NO的研究

利用水热合成技术在堇青石蜂窝陶瓷载体上原位合成分子筛,分别通过离子交换法和浸渍法制备了整体式Cu-ZSM-5/堇青石催化剂,以丙烷为还原剂,在模拟柴油机尾气系统中评价了两类催化剂消除烃和NO的性能.结果表明,晶化时间48 h时,原位合成的ZSM-5/堇青石催化剂载体表面有形状规则的ZSM-5晶核生成,且具有较好的牢固度...     

Prenatal diagnosis of an isochromosome 5p in a fetus with increased nuchal translucency thickness and pulmonary atresia with hypoplastic right heart at 14 weeks

We report on a fetus presenting with increased nuchal translucency at 11 weeks' gestation, suggesting cystic hygroma. Chorion villous sampling was performed, and cytogenetic analysis revealed a supernumerary isochromosome 5p leading to tetrasomy 5p: 47,XX,+ i(5p)[7]/46,XX[5] after short-term culture and 47,XX,+ i(5p)[20] after long-term culture. Subsequent targeted sonographic follow-up at 12 and 14 weeks revealed further increase of the NT to 6.4 mm and the additional presence of a congenital heart defect (pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum). Termination of pregnancy was performed, and the heart defect was confirmed. Isochromosome 5p was found in varying proportions in all examined organs. Only a few cases of mosaic tetrasomy 5p have been reported in the literature, and recent reports on prenatally detected isochromosome 5p showed a possible relationship to increased nuchal translucency in some cases and also a possible role of confined mosaicism in others. Whereas cases with confined mosaicism did not show suspicious signs on ultrasound, true mosaicism conversely showed increased nuchal thickness as well as structural abnormalities. This is the first report on the association of a cardiac defect with this chromosome aberration. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

BOD5测定中的影响因素

BOD5的测定方法众多，文中从实验用水的质量、接种稀释液的要求、COD5值的确定、计算结果的取舍等方面予以分析．提出经验性的建议和办法。     

沼泽红假单胞菌W12对活性黑5的厌氧脱色和降解作用

从处理印染废水的厌氧移动床生物膜反应器（moving bed biofilm reactor,MBBR）中分离到一株具有高效脱色活性的沼泽红假单胞菌W12。经实验确定W12对活性黑5（reactive black 5,RB5）脱色的适宜条件为：pH〈10;有光照;谷氨酸盐或乳酸盐作为碳源,当乳酸钠为碳源时浓度应〉500 mg/L;盐度不超过5%;RB5浓度不大于700 mg/L。紫外-可见光谱扫描结果表明,RB5的脱色和降解过程生成芳香胺类化合物,这些中间产物可进一步降解。此外发现,RB5诱导生成的胞外代谢物能提高W12的脱色活性。     

Fenton/SBR组合工艺处理博落回提取废水研究

在常温(25℃)条件下,对Fenton与序批式活性污泥法(SBR)组合工艺处理博落回提取废水的特性进行了研究.结果表明,当进水CODCr为7300mg·L-1时,通过多个单因素试验确定的最佳Fenton反应条件为:初始pH=3.0,n(H2O2)∶n(Fe2+)=15,H2O2投加量为7300mg·L-1.在此条件下反应120min后,CODCr去除率为65.3%,BOD5/CODCr由原水的0.14上升到出水的0.22,可生化性得到提高.同时,研究证明,出水pH不影响CODCr去除率,但污泥体积指数(SVI)值随着出水pH的增大而减小.Fenton氧化出水经SBR工艺处理后,CODCr可控制在500mg·L-1以内,达到国家三级排放标准.     

Pretreatment of heterocyclic pesticide wastewater using ultrasonic/ozone combined process

Ultrasonic/O3 combined process was employed to pretreat heterocyclic pesticide wastewater for increasing biodegradability and reducing biological toxicity. Influences of ultrasonic frequency, ultrasonic power, probe diameter, initial pH and O3 dosage on the COD removal were studied. The results showed that the ultrasonic/O3 process significantly improved the biodegradability and reduced the biological toxicity of the wastewater. The ratio of BOD5/COD was increased from 0.03 to 0.55 and the EC50 increased from 11% to 52% under ultrasonic/O3 treatment. Low ultrasonic frequency brought better COD removal. Initial pH was found to have a high influence on the COD removal and alkaline conditions were more favorable. The influences of ultrasonic power and probe diameter were small. With an increase in O3 dosage, COD removal was e ectively improved. The optimal operational parameters for the combined process on COD removal were ultrasonic frequency 20 kHz, initial pH 9.00, ultrasonic power 300Wand dosage of O3 454.8 mg/(L min), under which the e ciency of COD removal reached 67.2%.     

降解菌JQL4-5甲氰菊酯水解酶的提取及酶学特性研究

Sphingomonas sp.JQL4-5是一株甲氰菊酯降解菌。提取该菌株的甲氰菊酯水解酶,对其酶学特性进行了初步研究。该酶水解甲氰菊酯的最适pH值为7.0,最适温度为30℃,供试的金属离子均对酶活性有一定的抑制作用,抑制率与金属离子的浓度呈正相关,其中Ag+的抑制作用最强烈,几乎可以导致酶活性完全丧失。该酶在极性有机溶剂中比在非极性的有机溶剂中稳定。     

铁炭微电解预处理聚酯树脂废水的试验研究

采用铁炭微电解法预处理聚酯树脂废水研究,先进行正交试验,考察铁屑投加量、铁炭比和废水初始pH值对微电解效果的影响,接着在正交试验的基础上进行单因素试验,确定铁炭微电解法的最优工艺参数。试验结果表明:废水初始pH值对微电解处理聚酯树脂废水的影响最大,其次是铁屑投加量和铁炭比,最适工艺条件为:室温,废水初始pH值为2.0,铁屑投加量为100 g/L,铁炭质量比为1:1,曝气搅拌反应时间2.0 h。在此工艺条件下,BOD5/CODcr从0.17增加到0.33;此外,废水的CODcr去除率也可达到50.91%,这大大降低了后续生化处理的有机负荷。     

珠三角SO_2污染区划及来源的定量研究

文章利用珠三角粤港空气质量监测网13个空气质量监测点2009年11月SO2监测浓度,通过聚类分析对珠三角SO2进行污染特征区划,最终选定该时段内3个核心关注区域,分别为广州中心城区、佛山江门片区、珠江口西侧片区。发现佛山江门片区的污染最为严重,其次是珠江口西侧片区。根据一定标准,选定11月23-27日为典型污染过程,11-16日为典型清洁时段。利用MM5-CALPUFF模式对这3个区域,在典型污染过程与清洁时段内的SO2平均浓度进行来源分析,发现在选定的模拟时段内,广州中心城区在污染过程中以本地污染为主(贡献率达62.47%),清洁时段则广州本地污染(49.43%)与东莞输送污染(40.27%)并重;佛山江门片区在污染过程和清洁时段均以外地输送污染(分别为65.06%和68.92%)为主,主要输入源地是广州和东莞;珠江口西侧片区在污染过程和清洁时段均是输送污染与本地污染并重(污染过程输送污染44.10%,本地污染51.83%;清洁时段输送污染50.25%,本地污染41.11%),其中污染过程中,输送污染的主要输入源地是深圳与东莞,清洁时段输送污染比重略大于本地污染,主要输入源地只有东莞。研究结果为控制及治理珠三角SO2源提供科学依据。