全文获取类型
收费全文 | 121篇 |
免费 | 32篇 |
国内免费 | 25篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 3篇 |
废物处理 | 4篇 |
环保管理 | 38篇 |
综合类 | 61篇 |
基础理论 | 25篇 |
污染及防治 | 29篇 |
评价与监测 | 8篇 |
社会与环境 | 7篇 |
灾害及防治 | 3篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 2篇 |
2023年 | 3篇 |
2022年 | 5篇 |
2021年 | 4篇 |
2020年 | 13篇 |
2019年 | 5篇 |
2018年 | 13篇 |
2017年 | 2篇 |
2016年 | 6篇 |
2014年 | 5篇 |
2013年 | 35篇 |
2012年 | 13篇 |
2011年 | 7篇 |
2010年 | 7篇 |
2009年 | 4篇 |
2008年 | 8篇 |
2007年 | 7篇 |
2006年 | 9篇 |
2005年 | 1篇 |
2004年 | 4篇 |
2003年 | 2篇 |
2002年 | 3篇 |
2001年 | 1篇 |
2000年 | 1篇 |
1999年 | 1篇 |
1997年 | 1篇 |
1994年 | 3篇 |
1990年 | 5篇 |
1989年 | 3篇 |
1988年 | 3篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1971年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有178条查询结果,搜索用时 333 毫秒
141.
João B. Teixeira Rodrigo L. Moura Morena Mills Carissa Klein Christopher J. Brown Vanessa M. Adams Hedley Grantham Matthew Watts Deborah Faria Gilberto M. Amado‐Filho Alex C. Bastos Reinaldo Lourival Hugh P. Possingham 《Conservation biology》2018,32(5):1096-1106
Although marine protected areas can simultaneously contribute to biodiversity conservation and fisheries management, the global network is biased toward particular ecosystem types because they have been established primarily in an ad hoc fashion. The optimization of trade‐offs between biodiversity benefits and socioeconomic values increases success of protected areas and minimizes enforcement costs in the long run, but it is often neglected in marine spatial planning (MSP). Although the acquisition of spatially explicit socioeconomic data is perceived as a costly or secondary step in MSP, it is critical to account for lost opportunities by people whose activities will be restricted, especially fishers. We developed an easily reproduced habitat‐based approach to estimate the spatial distribution of opportunity cost to fishers in data‐poor regions. We assumed the most accessible areas have higher economic and conservation values than less accessible areas and their designation as no‐take zones represents a loss of fishing opportunities. We estimated potential distribution of fishing resources from bathymetric ranges and benthic habitat distribution and the relative importance of the different resources for each port of total catches, revenues, and stakeholder perception. In our model, we combined different cost layers to produce a comprehensive cost layer so that we could evaluate of trade‐offs. Our approach directly supports conservation planning, can be applied generally, and is expected to facilitate stakeholder input and community acceptance of conservation. 相似文献
142.
Ann-Katrin Luks Christiaan Wijntjes Burkhard Schmidt 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2016,51(2):71-80
The metabolism of 14C-clodinafop-propargyl (CfP) was examined in cell cultures of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. ‘Heines Koga II’) and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.). Besides the non-transgenic tobacco culture, cultures transformed separately with cDNA of human cytochrome P450-monooxygenases (P450s) CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP3A4, CYP2B6 and CYP2C19 were examined. Experiments with wheat were executed in the presence and absence of safener cloquintocet-mexyl (CqM). After 48 h of incubation, only about 10% of applied 14C was found in media (both tobacco and wheat). Non-extractable residues of 14C-CfP in wheat cells were 16.54% (without CqM) and 30.87% (with CqM). In all tobacco cultures, 82.41–92.46% of applied radioactivity was recovered in cell extracts. In contrast to wheat, non-extractable residues amounted only to 1.50–2.82%. As determined by radio-thin layer chromatography (TLC) and -high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), the parent CfP was not found in the cell extracts of wheat; in tobacco cell extracts, only traces of CfP were detected. After a hydrolysis of assumed carbohydrate conjugates of CfP derived polar 14C-labeled compounds, TLC and HPLC analysis showed that in wheat, a more complex pattern of metabolites of CfP were observed as compared to all tobacco cultures. In hydrolysates resulting from wheat, the identity of three primary products was confirmed by means of GC-EI-MS: free acid clodinafop (Cf), hydroxy-Cf hydroxylated at the pyridinyl moiety, and 4-(5-chloro-3-fluoropyridin-2-yloxy)phenol. In hydrolysates derived from all tobacco cultures, main metabolite was Cf besides only traces of further unidentified products. Differences among the different tobacco cultures (non-transgenic, transgenic) did not emerge. According to kinetics of disappearance of primary metabolite Cf as well as formation of polar soluble products and non-extractable residues, metabolization of CfP proceeded at a noticeably higher rate in wheat cells treated with safener CqM than in cells without CqM treatment. Thus, these results indicated a stimulation of CfP's metabolism by CqM, although metabolic profiles observed in CqM treated and non-treated cells (after hydrolysis) were qualitatively similar. The findings obtained from all tobacco cultures suggested that with the exception of ester cleavage to Cf, CfP cannot be metabolized by tobacco itself or by the human P450s examined. 相似文献
143.
KOMAL VIG D. K. SINGH H. C. AGARWAL 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(4):377-383
Dissipation and leaching behavior of 14C-monocrotophos was studied for 365 days under field conditions using PVC cylinders. The first set (24 cylinders) was spiked with 1.0 μCi 14C-labeled monocrotophos along with 1.06 mg unlabeled monocrotophos to give a concentration of 2 mg kg ?1 in the soil up to 15 cm depth. The second set (24 cylinders) received 14C-labeled monocrotophos along with other non-labeled insecticides viz., dimethoate @ 300 g a.i ha?1, deltamethrin @ 12.5 g a.i ha?1, endosulfan @ 750 g a.i ha?1, cypermethrin @ 60 g a.i ha?1, and triazophos @ 600 g a.i ha?1 at an interval of 15 days each as recommended for the cotton crop. 14C-monocrotophos dissipated faster, up to 45% in first 90 days in columns treated with only monocrotophos compared to 25% in columns that received monocrotophos along with other insecticides. However, both the columns showed similar residues 180 days onward. After 180 days of treatment, 46% radiolabeled residues were observed, which reduced up to 39.6% after 365 days. Leaching of 14C-monocrotophos to 15–30 cm soil layer was observed in both the experimental setups. In the 15–30 cm soil layer of both soil columns, up to 0.19 mg 14C-monocrotophos kg?1d. wt. soil was detected after 270 days. 相似文献
144.
Hassan Abdel-Gawad Bahira Hegazi 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(2):116-122
Canola plants were treated with 14C- prohiofos under conditions simulating local agricultural practices. 14C-residues in seeds were determined at different time intervals. At harvest time about 32 % of 14C-activity was associated with oil. The methanol soluble 14C-residues accounted for 12 % of the total seed residues after further seeds extraction, while the cake contained about 49 % of the total residues. About 69 % of the 14C-activity in the crude oil could be eliminated by simulated commercial processes locally used for oil refining. Chromatographic analysis of crude and refined oil revealed the presence of the parent compound together with three metabolites which were identified as prothiofos oxon, O-ethyl phosphorothioate and O-ethyl S-propyl phosphorothioate, besides one unknown compound. While methanol extract revealed the presence of despropylthio prothiofos and O-ethyl phosphoric acid as free metabolites acid hydrolysis of the conjugated metabolites in the methanol extract yielded 2, 4-dichlorophenole which was detected by color. When rats were fed the extracted cake for 72 hours, the bound residues were found to be bioavailable. The main excretion route was via the expired air (42 %), while the 14C-residues excreted in urine and feces were 30 % and 11 %, respectively. The radioactivity detected among various organs accounted to 7.5 %.Chromatographic analysis of urine indicated the presence of prothiofos oxon, O-ethyl phosphoric acid and 2, 4-dichlorophenole as main degradation products of prothiofos in free and conjugated form. 相似文献
145.
Ye Yuan Pascal Weitzel Andreas Schäffer 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(8):533-543
The metabolic fate of 14C-phenyl-labeled herbicide clodinafop-propargyl (14C-CfP) was studied for 28 days in lab assays using a sediment–water system derived from a German location. Mineralization was 5.21% of applied 14C after 28 days exhibiting a distinct lag phase until day 14 of incubation. Portions of radioactivity remaining in water phases decreased at moderate rate to 18.48% after 28 days; 62.46% were still detected in water after 14 days. Soxhlet extraction of the sediment using acetonitrile released 35.56% of applied 14C with day 28, while 33.99% remained as non-extractable residues. A remarkable increase of bound 14C was observed between 14 and 28 days correlating with the distinct increase of mineralization. No correlation was found throughout incubation with microbial activity of the sediment as determined by dimethyl sulfoxide reduction. Dissolved oxygen and pH value of water phases remained almost constant for 28 days. Analyses of Soxhlet extracts of the sediment and ethyl acetate extracts of water phases by radio-TLC and radio-HPLC revealed that CfP was rapidly cleaved to free acid clodinafop (Cf), which was further (bio-) transformed. DT50 values (based on radio-HPLC) were below 1 day (CfP) and slightly above 28 days (Cf). Further metabolites were not detected. Fractionation of humic and non-humic components of the sediment demonstrated that CfP's non-extractable residues were predominantly associated with fulvic acids up to 14 days of incubation (3.36%), whereas after 28 days, the majority of radioactivity was found in the humin/mineral fraction (13.30% of applied 14C). Due to high-performance size-exclusion chromatography of the fulvic acids fraction derived from assays incubated for 28 days, this portion of 14C was firmly, possibly covalently bound to fulvic acids and did not consist of CfP or Cf. Using an isolation strategy comprising preincubation of sediment with CfP and mineralization of 14C-CfP as criterion, a microorganism was isolated from the sediment examined. It grew on 14C-CfP as sole carbon source with evolution of 14CO2. The bacterium was characterized by growth on commonly used carbon sources and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. Its sequence exhibited high similarity with that of Nocardioides aromaticivorans strain H-1 (98.85%; DSM 15131, JCM 11674). 相似文献
146.
M.A. Syed J.H. Arshad S. Mat 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(4):347-354
Abstract Paddy (unmilled rice), milled rice and maize‐bound 14C residues were prepared using 14C‐succinate‐labelled malathion at 10 and 152 ppm. After 3 months, the bound residues accounted for 12%, 6.5% and 17.7% of the applied dose in paddy, milled rice and maize respectively in the grains treated at 10 ppm. The corresponding values for the 152 ppm were 16.6%, 8.5% and 18.8%. Rats fed milled rice ‐ bound 14C‐residues eliminated 61% of the 14C in the faeces and 28% in the urine. The corresponding percentages for paddy and maize were 72%, 9% and 53%, 41% respectively; indicating that bound residues from milled rice and maize were moderately bioavailable. When rice‐bound malathion residues (0.65 ppm in feed) were administered to rats in a 5 week feeding study, no signs of toxicity were observed. Plasma and RBC cholinesterase activities were slightly inhibited: blood urea nitrogen was significantly elevated in the test animals. Other parameters examined showed no or marginal changes. 相似文献
147.
I. Y. Mostafa Abla Ezz El‐Arab S. M. A. D. Zayed 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(2):235-243
Abstract A model ecosystem has been used to evaluate the impact of 14C‐lindane on rice‐fish agricultural system. The distribution of 14C‐residues among the constituents of the model ecosystem was studied over a period of 90 days. The insecticide was found to be readily absorbed by the roots and translocated to all parts of the rice plant. The peak level in the shoots (26 ppm) and roots (105 ppm) of plants was reached to within three weeks. Lindane was concentrated in fish and residues as high as 90 ppm could be detected after 30 days. The major part of the residues present in the different constituents of the ecosystem could be extracted with hexane and proved to contain soley the parent compound. The data obtained show that lindane possesses a relatively low biodegradability in fish and in rice plant. The insecticide accumulates in fish and rice plant to considerable extent. 相似文献
148.
149.
150.
Gudelis A Gvozdaite R Kubareviciene V Druteikiene R Lukosevicius S Sutas A 《Journal of environmental radioactivity》2010,101(6):443-445
A shallow-land radioactive waste repository operated in boggy forest environment from 1963 to 1989. During the operation period, a considerable amount of technogenic radionuclides, in solidified state, was disposed into the vault established in the geological structure at the depth of up to 3 m. Environmental monitoring activities started after the closure of the repository in 1989. Recent investigations revealed transfer of radiocarbon and plutonium to the groundwater in the prevailing flow direction. Activity concentration of 239,240Pu in non-filtered fraction of the groundwater from observation well no. 4 determined by alpha-spectrometry was 6.4 × 10−5 Bq l−1 in 2005, and 3.2 × 10−4 Bq l−1 in 2006. Further analysis of colloid-facilitated transport of plutonium is planned. Variation of 14C activity concentration in the same well was monitored in 2006. It varied from 0.2 ± 0.1 Bq l−1 in October to 2.8 ± 0.6 Bq l−1 in June and July. Results imply further research into radiocarbon transfer to atmosphere and selected plant species. 相似文献