膜分离活性污泥法及膜的选择

阐述了膜分离活性污泥法的类型及关键工艺——膜组件的选择方法，并对膜分离活性污泥法在国内外的应用进行了简述。     

酚焦油资源化技术研究(Ⅱ)--裂解产物的分离

开发出一种精馏与钠盐法相结合的分离酚焦油裂解产物的新工艺，裂解产物经精馏，蒸出异丙苯等轻组分、苯酚馏分和共沸物。共沸物中加入氢氧化钠，分离出酚钠盐和苯乙酮。轻组分和酚钠盐均返回苯酚、丙酮生产装置。裂解产物中有用物质的收率为92．91％，苯乙酮的收率为82．38％，其纯度大于98％。     

挥发性有机物废气的膜法处理工艺研究进展

简要介绍了挥发性有机物废气的来源，分类及其对人体和环境的危害，以及国内外近年来的排放状况。较详细地论述了蒸汽渗透，气体膜分离，膜基吸收3种膜技术用于废气中挥发性有机化合物去除和回收的研究进展和工业应用现状。     

The city of San José's integrated waste management program: a case study for reaching high levels of diversion

The city of San José, California, USA, has a widely recognized integrated waste management program and is currently diverting close to 50% of its waste stream from landfill disposal. This paper describes the residential and commercial components of the city's waste management program. Information is presented on performance (e.g., types and quantities of materials that are collected, processed, and disposed of), customer service, and costs associated with the program. Received: October 4, 2000 / Accepted: February 15, 2001     

现代分离技术在环境分析中的应用

对样品进行预处理分离的主要目的是:①浓缩痕量污染物,降低最小检测浓度;②除去干扰物,提高测定的精确度和灵敏度;③通过化学衍生,提高被测物的灵敏度和选择性;④消除对分析系统有害的物质,使仪器保持良好稳定的运行状况。文章综合论述了固相萃取技术、固相微萃取技术、膜萃取技术、超临界流体萃取技术、毛细管电泳技术、加速溶剂萃取技术和微波萃取技术等现代分离技术在大庆油田环境分析中的应用现状以及分离技术的发展前景。     

CLASSIFICATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYDROLOGIC BEHAVIORS IN THE NORTHEASTERN UNITED STATES1

ABSTRACT: Environmental response to acidic deposition results from movement of water through the ecosystem. As a part of the environmental studies for acidic deposition sponsored by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), hydrologic classification based on regional baseflow properties was done. To obtain the amount of baseflow, a flow separation method was developed based on the division of streamflows into “baseflow” and “other” runoff sources. Because of the differences in the flow paths and exposure duration, the two components were assumed to be associated with distinct geo-chemical responses. Individual annual hydrographs were analyzed using 31 separation slopes to determine the amount of baseflow. A total of 1575 streamflow stations in the Northeastern U.S. were analyzed through the access of a long-term daily stream-flow data base. An interactive computer program was developed to obtain baseflow properties and other hydrologic characteristics of each station. The output from this analysis was used to perform cluster analysis to classify streamflow behaviors. The clustering output showed different regional boundaries than those currently used by the EPA for water quality studies.     

GROUND WATER FLOW AND RUNOFF IN A COASTAL PLAIN STREAM1

ABSTRACT: The quantity, seasonality, and sources of flow were analyzed for two segments of Four Mile Branch, a small stream on the Coastal Plain of South Carolina using data obtained from USGS gauging stations. Flows in the “upstream segment,” a 12.6-km² watershed comprising the head waters of Four Mile Branch, averaged 0.129 m³ s^?1 and showed a distinctly seasonal pattern, with maximum flows in February and March and minimum flows in September and October. Inflow to the “downstream segment,” a 2.2-km² watershed associated with the main channel, averaged 0.059 m³ s^?1 and showed no seasonal patterns. Discharges per unit area of watershed were greater for the downstream segment, 0.83 m³ per year per m² of land surface, than for the upstream segment, 0.32 m³ per year per m². The differences in discharge rates and seasonalities between the two segments reflect differences in aquifers supplying the different segments. Analyses of Streamflow by hydrograph separation and Streamflow partitioning methods indicated that greater than 90 percent of the flows in the upstream and downstream segments were due to ground water-driven base flows.     

絮凝－旋流分离工艺处理磷酸铵生产废水

磷酸生产废水经絮凝－旋流分离工艺处理后，再回用于生产过程，实现了磷酸生产废水的闭路循环，不仅回收了废水中的磷酸，还节约了大量工业用水。     

悬浮填料滤池固液分离新技术的中试试验研究

本文提出了采用悬浮填料滤池对活性污泥混合液进行固液分离的新技术。该技术所采用的悬浮填料滤池可直接设置在生化反应池末端,取消原工艺中的二沉池。中试试验对悬浮填料滤池的固液分离效果,滤池的运行周期及冲洗方法进行了研究。试验证明,悬浮填料滤池运行稳定,在进水表面负荷高达2.0~3.0 m3/m2.h的情况下出水SS达到城镇污水处理厂污染物二级排放标准(GB18918-2002),工作周期可达到5天以上。悬浮填料滤池可采用曝气方法进行冲洗,操作管理简单,冲洗效果良好,便于实现自动化运行。     

油气回收技术研究

对不同的油气回收技术进行了分析比较。分析了冷凝法、吸收法、吸附法、膜分离法对油气回收的优缺点。及回收效果影响因素。认为油气回收装置的应用将为石化企业带来明显的社会、环境效益及经济效益。