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Chicken eggs from five different production types (conventional, omega-3 enriched, free range, organic and free run) were collected, when available, from three regions (west, central and east) of Canada to determine persistent organic pollutant (POP) concentrations. Total polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) concentrations (∑37 congeners) in yolks from the eggs ranged from 0.162 ng g−1 lipid to 24.8 ng g−1 lipid (median 1.25 ng g−1 lipid) while the concentration of the sum of the 6 indicator PCBs ranged from 0.100 ng g−1 lipid to 9.33 ng g−1 lipid (median 0.495 ng g−1 lipid). Total polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin/dibenzofuran (PCDD/F) concentrations ranged from 2.37 pg g−1 lipid to 382 pg g−1 lipid (median 9.53 pg g−1 lipid). The 2005 WHO toxic equivalency (TEQ) ranged from 0.089 pg TEQPCDD/F+dioxin-like[DL]-PCB g−1 lipid to 12.8 pg TEQPCDD/F+DL-PCB g−1 lipid (median 0.342 pg TEQPCDD/F+DL-PCB g−1 lipid). PCB and PCDD/F concentrations were significantly different (p < 0.001) in egg yolks from different regions of collection. In contrast to observations in Europe, PCB and PCDD/F concentrations in Canadian egg yolks were not impacted solely by the production type (e.g., conventional, free range, organic, etc.) used to maintain the laying chickens. Additionally, only one Canadian free range yolk from western Canada (12.8 pg TEQPCDD/F+DL-PCB g−1 lipid) exceeded the European toxic equivalent concentration limits for eggs (5 pg TEQPCDD/F+DL-PCB g−1 lipid). This differs from observations in Europe where free range/home produced eggs frequently have higher POP concentrations than eggs from other production types. Median PCB dietary intake estimates based on consumption of eggs were less than 10 ng d−1 while median PCDD/F intakes were less than 45 pg d−1. 相似文献
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In the present study, the hair of pregnant women was sampled between November 2007 and January 2008 in Ahvaz and Noushahr cities and the countryside of Noushahr, Iran. They were analyzed for organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), such as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and its metabolites, hexachlorobenzene (HCB), α-, β-, and γ-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) isomers and seven polychlorinated (PCBs) congeners (IUPAC Nos. 28, 52, 101, 118, 138, 153 and 180). Significant differences between the concentrations of investigated pollutants were found between the locations (p < 0.05). For HCHs, the γ-HCH isomer was measured at higher mean concentrations (6 ng g−1 hair) compared to the β-HCH isomer (0.03 ng g−1), which generally is the most prevalent HCH in biological matrices. Very high mean concentrations of p,p′-DDT in countryside of Noushahr (24 ng g−1) combined with lower values (0.6) of ratio p,p′-DDE/p,p′-DDT in the hair samples suggest recent exposure to “fresh” DDT in this region. Significant differences in OCPs and PCBs were found between primiparous and multiparous mothers (p < 0.05). There was no correlation between levels of OCPs and PCBs in the hair of Iranian pregnant women and their age. There was a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the organochlorine levels, including HCHs, between mothers who have eaten fish once a week and those who consumed fish more than once per week in Noushahr. 相似文献
485.
Xiaoqing Lin Yuqi Jin Hailong Wu Tong Chen Xiaodong Li Shengyong Lu Xuguang Jiang Jianhua Yan 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2013,25(9):1833-1840
A 100 Nm3 /hr capacity pilot scale dual bag filter (DBF) system was tested on the flue gas from an actual hazardous waste incinerator (HWI), the removal efficiency of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) was also studied. The first filter collected most of the fly ash and associated chlorinated organic; then activated carbon (AC) was injected and used to collect phase chlorinated organic from the gas. Concentrations of PCDD/Fs and PCBs after the DBF system were 0.07 and 0.01 ng TEQ/Nm3 , respectively, which were both far below the national emission standard. Comparing with the original single bag filter system, the PCDD/Fs concentration dropped a lot from 0.36 to 0.07 ng TEQ/Nm3 . Increasing AC feeding rate enhanced their collection efficiency, yet reduced the AC utilization efficiency, and it still needs further study to select an appropriate feeding rate in the system. These results will be useful for industrial application and assist in controlling emissions of PCDD/Fs and other persistent organic pollutions from stationary sources in China. 相似文献
486.
香港周边海域野生鱼体内DDTs和PCBs的含量分布和食用风险评估 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为研究香港周边海域鱼体内持久性有机污染物的污染水平、分布特征及其对当地居民的健康风险评估,采集了香港周边海域中31种野生鱼,分析鱼体中两类典型持久性有机污染物,如滴滴涕(DDTs)和多氯联苯(PCBs).结果表明,香港周边海域野生鱼类DDTs和PCBs的含量范围分别为0.44~17 ng·g-1和0.028~6.3 ng·g-1,与国内外其他地方相比处于中低水平.在空间分布上,大屿山西部的鱼体内DDTs含量最低,而吐露港鱼体中PCBs含量最低.鱼类的生活环境及食性影响其在鱼体内DDTs与PCBs的富集程度.来源分析显示野生鱼体内DDTs来源主要为历史残留,迁徙的鱼类可能受沿海岸河口DDTs污染影响.此外,健康风险评估结果表明,香港青少年和成年人长期食用香港周边海域的鱼类可能会存在潜在的终生致癌风险.因此,香港当地居民应尽量减少对其周边海岸野生鱼类的摄入. 相似文献
487.
水体中溶解有机物对多氯联苯在淮河水体沉积物上的吸附和生物富集作用的影响 总被引:12,自引:4,他引:12
利用淮河4个采样点同时采集的水、表层沉积物和鲤鱼体内多氯联苯不同同系物的浓度分析数据,讨论该类污染物在水体多介质体系中转移分配规律.研究结果表明,在现场条件下观察到的水,沉积物有机碳分配系数(KOC)的对数及生物富集因子(BCF)的对数与正辛醇,水分配系数(KOW)的对数之间没有相关性.但是当假定水中的多氯联苯同系物与溶解有机碳相互作用并改变了有机污染物在水中形态分布时,以游离态多氯联苯浓度重新计算得到的log KOC和log BCF正比于log KOW,因此,在评价多氯联苯污染生态效应时,溶解有机物的影响不可忽视. 相似文献
488.
多氯联苯的生物降解研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
PCBs的氧化反应是通过加氧酶的作用,分子氧在PCBs的无氯环或带较少氯原子环的2,3位发生反应,形成顺二氢醇混合物PCBs的完全降解需要不同系列微生物的协同作用,这些微生物可以利用不同的PCBs降解产物。另外氯原子的位置和数量也影响着微生物氧化攻击的效率。UNTERMAN等假设出A.eutrophus sp.,P. putida和Corynebacterium sp.对于PCBs的氧化机制。Alcalegenes eutrophus和P.putida sp.等微生物是对多氯联苯2,3-位的亲核攻击发生作用。对于Corynebacteriun降解混合物的反应则是对污染物3,4位的亲核攻击。 相似文献
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