季节性冰蓄冷技术在空调系统中的应用研究

介绍季节性天然冰蓄冷技术的研究与发展现状,对一种季节性天然冰蓄冷技术进行技术可行性探讨.季节性天然冰蓄冷技术用于建筑空调既有节能和环保方面的优势,也存在技术实施的制约因素.通过典型建筑冷量平衡计算表明,在部分寒冷及夏热冬冷地区,季节性天然冰蓄冷技术具有较好的发展前景.图2,表1,参18.     

南黄海冷水团海域及西部近岸区表层沉积物中碳、氮、磷的分布特征及其生态学指示意义

基于南黄海西部沉积化学及相关环境因子的调查资料,重点分析和探讨了冷水团海域及近岸区表层沉积物中TOC、TN、TP的分布特征及其生态学指示意义.结果显示,冷水团海域沉积物比近岸区沉积物具有较高的含水率、TOC、TN、TP含量及N/P比.沉积物类型(粒径)、物质来源和沉积环境显著影响着TOC含量,TOC高值主要分布在泥质沉积区.表层沉积物TN与TOC含量在冷水团海域呈显著正相关关系,表明两者的同源性较好,但整个调查海域中TP与TOC、TN无显著相关性,说明其来源较复杂.南黄海冷水团海域和西部近岸浅水区沉积物理化特性之间的显著差异反映了它们受控因素的迥异,冷水团海域沉积物TOC和TN含量受水柱中生物活动的影响较大,上层水体中产生的有机碎屑是其重要的海生物质来源,而浅水区沉积物TN和TP含量受水柱中生物活动的影响相对较小.底层水年平均DO含量对沉积物TOC、TN分布也具有一定影响.     

罐采样-低温浓缩-气相色谱-质谱法同时测定环境空气中116种挥发性有机物

利用罐采样-低温浓缩-气相色谱-质谱联用仪结合冷柱箱技术,建立了一次进样同时分析环境空气中116种挥发性有机物的方法.利用苏玛罐采集环境空气样品,液氮低温冷凝浓缩进样,经配有冷柱箱的气相色谱-质谱法进行分析.通过优化冷凝参数和程序升温条件,最终用-35℃初始柱温成功保留住低碳组分,实现用一根色谱柱同时分离低碳和高碳组分...     

RA-915^＋型测汞仪快速测定土壤中的总汞

本文采用RA-915＋型测汞仪建立了一种快速测定土壤中总汞的热解析冷原子吸收分光光度法。该方法使用土壤标准样品直接固体进样建立标准曲线,不需要任何样品前处理消解过程,可在几分钟内快速测量1个土壤样品中的总汞含量。采用该方法分析了ESS系列4个土壤标准样品和GSS系列15个土壤标准样品,并与原子荧光法比对分析了9个土壤实际样品,结果表明本方法具有快速、准确、简便和稳定性较高等优点。     

Estimation of methane emission rate changes using age-defined waste in a landfill site

Long term methane emissions from landfill sites are often predicted by first-order decay (FOD) models, in which the default coefficients of the methane generation potential and the methane generation rate given by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) are usually used. However, previous studies have demonstrated the large uncertainty in these coefficients because they are derived from a calibration procedure under ideal steady-state conditions, not actual landfill site conditions. In this study, the coefficients in the FOD model were estimated by a new approach to predict more precise long term methane generation by considering region-specific conditions. In the new approach, age-defined waste samples, which had been under the actual landfill site conditions, were collected in Hokkaido, Japan (in cold region), and the time series data on the age-defined waste sample’s methane generation potential was used to estimate the coefficients in the FOD model. The degradation coefficients were 0.050 1/y and 0.062 1/y for paper and food waste, and the methane generation potentials were 214.4 mL/g-wet waste and 126.7 mL/g-wet waste for paper and food waste, respectively. These coefficients were compared with the default coefficients given by the IPCC. Although the degradation coefficient for food waste was smaller than the default value, the other coefficients were within the range of the default coefficients. With these new coefficients to calculate methane generation, the long term methane emissions from the landfill site was estimated at 1.35 × 10⁴ m³-CH₄, which corresponds to approximately 2.53% of the total carbon dioxide emissions in the city (5.34 × 10⁵ t-CO₂/y).     

冷挤压双层组合凹模的最佳设计

此文应用厚壁圆筒弹性解,推导了冷挤压双层组合凹模,具有最大弹性极限时所能承受的最大挤压应力的计算公式,以及满足上述条件时双层组合凹模分界面半径和分界面过盈量的计算公式.利用上述各式,可使组合凹模获得最佳设计.     

Tuning of activated sludge in winter based on respirogram profiles under standard and site temperatures

Respirograms of activated sludge OUR_ x~Tand OUR_x~(20)were measured under site(T) and standard(20°C) temperatures, respectively, and the predicted standard temperature respirogram OUR_( x,cal)~(20)was also calculated using the Arrhenius equation. These respirogram profiles reveal more information than effluent quality. A decrease of OUR_ x ~(20)is a critical alarm signal for the loss of pollutant removal capacity, and a sudden increase of the predicted value OUR_( x,cal)~(20)is an alarm signal for the unrecoverable deterioration of biomass. The sign of OUR_x~(20)–OUR_(x,cal)~(20)can be used for selection of tuning strategies. For example, a negative value of OUR_x~(20)–OUR_( x,cal)~(20)indicates that doubling biomass is difficult,thus strategies such as extending the reaction time with limited available biomass is preferred. The findings in this study elucidated the respiration profile of activated sludge under changes of temperature and can be effectively used for the stable operation of Wastewater Treatment Plants under cold temperatures and seasonal variations.     

冷弯成形过程的计算

通过将冷弯变形分离为两部分,一部分为约束变形,另一部分为待定的反弹变形,然后使用两个简单函数来分别模拟,再利用弹性理论中的能量原理获得了整个变形过程的计算公式.最后通过实例计算验证了公式的有效性.     

低温等离子体技术及其治理工业废气的应用

利用低温等离子体技术对低浓度、高流速、大风量的含挥发性有机污染物和含硫类污染物等工业废气进行处理，实验室结果为介质阻挡放电产生的低温等离子体分解污染物效果好。在化纤厂对含硫工业废气做了实际应用的示范工程，中试装置已连续稳定运行１０００ｈ以上。     

S195连杆螺钉的冷挤压工艺研究

在分析了S195连杆螺钉传统的热模锻存在问题的基础上,指出该螺钉冷挤压加工的必要性。对该螺钉的冷挤压工艺进行了深入地研究,从而提出了切实可行的冷挤压工艺。